Camptopoeum ( Epimethea ) paruii Patiny and Roberts, 2025

Camptopoeum ( Epimethea) paruii Patiny and Roberts , sp. n.

Holotype 1 ♀; 1 ♂: INDIA • 1♀; Odisha, Keramara [ 8.5 km SE of Kaptipada] (low-intensity farming 27.244′N, 86°35.123′E [ 21.4567°N, 86.5867°E]; 1–30 April 2014; A. Chatterjee and S. Laha leg.; ZSI; 0414-00746. GoogleMaps

Paratype: INDIA • 1♂; Odisha, Gobardhan Pur [ Gobardhanpur , 6 km SE of Santoshpur] (highly farming site); 21°43.231′N, 87°12.594′E [ 21.7231°N, 87.2164°E]; 1–30 April 2014; A GoogleMaps . Chatterjee and S.

ZSI; O-GBRV-0414-00656.

Both specimens are deposited at the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), Kolkata, India.

Diagnosis

Camptopoeum paruii can be recognised due to the combination of fore wing with two submarginal marginal cell apically truncate, face with two subantennal sutures ( Figure 1A View Figure 1 ), facial foveae weak,

and hairless (allowing placement in Panurginae ), and then cuticle with extensive yellow markings thorax and metasoma ( Figure 1A–D View Figure 1 ), face including frons clearly punctate, and male genital capsule with the inner margins of the gonocoxae smooth and not produced into anteriorly projecting teeth (

HISTORY view; D. terga, dorsal view.

Diagnosis can be made through the identification key to the subgenus C. ( Epimethea) below, and is detailed here. At a specific level, female C. paruii can be recognised due to the punctation of the combined with the facial and metasomal markings, after excluding distinctively coloured species (eg with the integument almost entirely yellow-marked). Over the majority of the central part of the scutum is very sparsely and irregularly punctate, punctures separated by 1–5 puncture diameters a dense line of punctures (punctures separated by 0.5–1 puncture diameters) along the anterior posterior margins of the disc ( Figure 1B View Figure 1 ). The female face is also extensively marked with colouration on the clypeus paraocular areas extending dorsally to the vertex, between the sutures, and on the supraclypeal area extending dorsally to the anterior ocellus ( Figure 1B View Figure 1 ). The terga yellow markings medially, forming transverse bands across the tergal discs, not extending onto the areas, all bands slightly constricted medially but remaining complete ( Figure 1D View Figure 1 ).

This combination excludes all similar species. The geographically closest C. ( Epimethea) C. samarkandum (Radoszkowski) (Central Asia south to Tajikistan and Afghanistan) and C. (Morawitz) (West and Central Palaearctic, east to Iran and Turkmenistan), can both be distinguished their scutal punctation which is dense, at most separated by 1 puncture diameter, their facial markings are dark to minimally yellow-marked around the supraclypeal area, and their tergal markings which transverse yellow bands that are either clearly interrupted laterally or reduced to yellow spots at the the terga. Structurally, C. paruii is closer to C. ( E.) simile (north-western Africa) and C. ( E.) nadigi ( Morocco to the sparser scutal punctation, with punctures separated by 2–4 puncture diameters. However, species have reduced yellow colouration of the face, either being entirely dark ( C. simile ) or with

Recognition of the male is more challenging due to the more homogeneous nature of ( Epimethea) specimens. The metasoma is black with complete transverse yellow bands which very slightly narrowed medially ( Figure 2D–E View Figure 2 ; metasoma without the integument entirely reddish). The scutum has the punctation across the median portion of the disc slight punctures separated by 0.5–1 puncture diameters, up to a maximum of 2 puncture ( Figure 2C View Figure 2 ). The slightly separated scutal punctures place it structurally close to C. nadigi , posterior margins of the transverse tergal bands are complete ( Figure 2D View Figure 2 ; slightly but

HISTORY pronotal lobe in C. nadigi , this mark short and equalling the pronotal lobe in length). For (geographically close species, the frons has a weak carina extending part of the way between upper margin of the supraclypeal area and the anterior ocellus ( Figure 2B View Figure 2 ), but this is difficult due to the extensive yellow colouration (in C. samarkandum the carina on the supraclypeal extends all the way to the anterior ocellus), and the transverse tergal bands are complete (

to almost interrupted in C. samarkandum and C. variegatum ).

Description

Female. Body length: 6 mm. Head: Clypeus yellow, coarsely punctate, punctures separated by equal to diameter ( Figure 1A View Figure 1 ). Labral lamella trapezoidal, slightly concave, yellow, coarsely Mouthparts shorter than clypeus. Maxillary palpus longer than galea. Mandible blunt, conspicuously almost entirely yellow. Supraclypeal area, median part of frons and paraocular areas yellow, punctate with large shallow punctures. Facial fovea well-delimited, dark; dark cuticle extending scape. Vertex black, coarsely punctured. Gena black, punctuation fine and dense, denser along margin. Scape yellow, except dorsal side black. Antennal flagellum orangish, darker dorsally; A3–5

Mesosoma . Pronotum black, posterior margin and lobes yellow; cuticle finely and densely anterior margin less punctured. Scutum black, anteriorly and posteriorly with dense punctures, separated by 0.5–1 puncture diameters, medially with punctures sparse and irregular, separated puncture diameters, underlying surface polished and shining ( Figure 1B View Figure 1 ). Mesopleuron black, anterior part of mesepisternum, coarsely punctured, punctation strongly relaxed on ventral part.

part of mesepisterna, behind pronotal lobe, dull, finely and densely punctured, yellow. Scutellum metanotum, entirely yellow. Scutellum scarcely punctured, metanotum dull, finely and densely Propodeum black, finely shagreened, sculpture becoming stronger on propodeal triangle, here finely ( Figure 1C View Figure 1 ). Wings hyaline, veins brown, two submarginal cells. Legs yellow from femoro-tibial articulation tarsi; hind tibia darker.

Metasoma. Disc margins of T1–5 marked with two large yellow spots which coalesce medially (stripe, wider laterally and narrower medially), very densely sculptured, finely punctate, dull (Figure hair fringe on proximal terga, T5 apically with dense fringe of light brown hairs. Pygidial plate triangular, lateral rim narrowly but distinctly depressed, majority of surface thus elevated, surface featureless. Sterna dark brown.

Male. Body length: 6 mm ( Figure 2A View Figure 2 ). Head: Colour pattern similar to female ( Figure 2B View Figure 2 ). Yellow slightly more extensive than in females (including for instance antennal pedicel), paler, white yellow less black cuticle intermixed. Punctation similar to female, vertex sculpture denser, labral lamella flat displaying an apico-median indentation. Mandibles longer than female, normally tapered.

Mesosoma . Colour pattern similar to female. Scutum densely punctate, punctures separated by puncture diameters ( Figure 2C View Figure 2 ). Yellow marks on legs extended from coxa to apex of tarsus.

and femora partly brown. Punctation of mesonotum, mesopleura and propodeum fine and dense;

and more regular than in female (unpunctured cuticle reduced in regard of female pattern).

triangle very densely sculptured, rippled. Wing surface lightly darkened.

Metasoma. Colour pattern similar to female. Yellow marks of terga more uniform in breadth, not narrowed medially ( Figure 2D–E View Figure 2 ). Tergal discs with punctation very dense, marginal areas almost tate, smooth and shinier. S2–5 with small median symmetric yellow spots. S2 with additional lateral Etymology

This species is named in honour of Arpan Parui, a student in the lab of the Centre for Pollination the University of Calcutta who was instrumental in recognising the significance of these specimens passed away under tragic circumstances in September 2017.

Distribution

India ( Odisha) ( Figure 3 View Figure 3 ).

Identification key to Camptopoeum ( Epimethea) species

Notes

The key includes taxa that are treated in line with the works of Warncke (1972, 1987). However holotype of Camptopoeum nigrotum ( Warncke, 1987) appears to be identical to the holotype Camptopoeum pictipes ( Morawitz, 1875) (see illustration of Astafurova and Proshchalykin Warncke (1987, p. 76) indicates that C. pictipes has the scutum finely and densely punctate the metasoma always bears yellow maculations, whereas C. nigrotum has the scutum irregularly and the metasoma is always dark; these characterisations do not correspond to Morawitz’s type implying that Warncke (1987) was using C. pictipes in a sensu auctorum. Warncke (1987, p. 77) states he never found the type of C. pictipes in St. Petersburg; this is unfortunate, since the single specimen is indeed present in the collection ( Astafurova and Proshchalykin 2024). A revision of nigrotum material is required with this in mind, but it is beyond the scope of this work to a resolution to this problem here. We take no taxonomic action, and indicate in the key the incorrect species concepts.

Camptopoeum guichardi Patiny is not included in the female identification key, as it is known only the male sex. Equally, C. pseudorubrum (Warncke) and C. warnckei Patiny , are not included in the since they are known only from the female sex.

HISTORY

2. Body length> 8 mm. Scutum sparsely punctate, punctures separated by 1–3 puncture allowing the polishing and shining interspaces to be easily seen. Yellow metasomal bands more than ½ the visible length of each disc, almost from the base of each tergum up to the of the marginal area. Found in Iran and Turkmenistan.. .......................... ......................... abbasi (

- Without this combination of characters; body length < 8 mm, scutum densely or sparsely punctate metasoma either entirely with pale colouration, or with metasomal bands narrower or Distribution variable... ..........................................................................................................................................................

3. Body with yellow markings covering almost its entire surface; scutum predominantly pale conspicuous narrow longitudinal black lines that contrast the predominantly yellow integument

- Body predominantly black, never with yellow markings on scutal disc itself... ..............................................

4. Scutum finely, densely, and regularly punctate, punctures separated by <0.5 puncture diameters margins white-pale. Found in Central Asia ( Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan).. ....................... mirabile

- Scutum with large, coarse, and irregular punctures, punctures separated by 0.5–2 puncture Tergal margins reddish-brown. Found in Iran.. ......................................................................... warnckei

5. Scutum sparsely and irregularly punctate, punctures (or macropunctures for species where micropunctures are scattered between larger punctures) separated by 1–4 puncture diameters clearly with large polished shining interspaces... .....................................................................................................

- Scutum densely and consistently punctate, punctures separated by up to 1 puncture diameter

6. Face with abundant pale maculations, these present on the mandibular bases, clypeus, area, between the subantennal sutures, and paraocular areas. Scutellum almost entirely yellow-marked Found in India ( Odisha).. ................................................................................... paruii Patiny and Roberts

- Face at most with pale maculations on the supraclypeal area. Scutellum entirely dark or with a yellow band. Not found in India.. ....................................................................................................................................

7. Face entirely black. Mesosoma dark with yellow maculations only on the pronotal lobes. Terga dark, without yellow bands or lateral maculations. Found in Turkey and Israel.. ............................................ ........................................................................................................... nigrotum Warncke [likely = pictipes (

- Face either black or with a yellow maculation on the supraclypeal area. Mesosoma with yellow least on the metanotum in addition to those on the pronotal lobes. Terga with clear yellow lateral maculations. Found in north-western Africa... .............................................................................................

8. Face entirely black. Scutellum black, metanotum partially yellow-marked. T1–4 with only a yellow laterally. Found in north-western Africa ( Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia).. ................................... simile

- Face with a large triangular yellow maculation on the supraclypeal area. Scutellum with a narrow band apically, metanotum entirely yellow-marked. T1–5 with abundant yellow markings, forming or less complete but irregular bands. Found in Morocco only.. ....................................... nadigi (

9. Face with yellow maculations on the supraclypeal area, between the subantennal sutures, and basal ½ of the clypeus forming an inverted ‘W’ pattern, thus resembling the colour pattern certain C. ( Camptopoeum ) species. Mesepisternum adjacent to the pronotal lobe with a large yellow colouration. Scutellum almost entirely yellow-marked. Found in Turkey.. .......................................... ............................................................................................................................................................... subflavum (

- Species darker, without such abundant yellow colouration.. ..............................................................................

10. Mesosoma almost entirely dark, at most with slight narrow yellow markings on the pronotum dark, without yellow maculations, marginal areas lightened to rufescent.. ...............................................

- Mesosoma with more abundant and broader yellow markings, most typically on the pronotal pronotum, and the metanotum. Terga with at least some yellow maculations... ...................................

11. Scutum finely and densely punctate, punctures separated by 0.5–1 puncture diameters. with slight narrow yellow markings on the pronotum. Found in Turkey.. ........ ....... rubrum (

- Scutum finely but somewhat irregularly punctate, punctures separated by 0.5–2 puncture sparsest mediolaterally, here separated by up to 3 puncture diameters. Pronotum entirely dark in Morocco.. ............................................................. ............................................................ pseudorubrum (

12. Very small species ( 5 mm). Terga with both lateral and medial yellow maculations. Frons

- Slightly larger ( 6–7 mm). Terga with yellow maculations placed laterally, never medially. Frons such a ridge. Found from North Africa to Iran and Turkmenistan... ..............................................................

13. Wings lightly infuscate with the stigma dark. Mesosoma with yellow maculations on the pronotal lobes, and metanotum. Found in North Africa, south-eastern Europe, the Near East, Armenia, Turkmenistan, Iran.. ............................................................................................. variegatum (

- Wings milky white with the stigma light. Mesosoma often entirely dark, with only some showing small yellow markings. Found in Turkey, Israel, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, ......................................... pictipes (Morawitz) [likely pictipes sensu auctorum; taxon possibly

It should be noted that the identification of male C. ( Epimethea) is challenging due to the lack morphological differences and the homogeneous nature of the genital capsule. It is not clear all of the characters presented here are robust. Association with concurrently active females made, as well as consideration of the known distribution.

14 (1). Metasoma almost entirely red-marked, at most with irregular dark markings covering <10% surface. Scutum densely and finely punctate, punctures separated by <0.5 puncture diameters in Turkey... rubrum (Warncke)

- Metasoma never with extensive red markings. Scutum often with punctation sparser.. ........................

15. Metasoma ventrally predominantly yellow-marked... ........................................................................................

- Metasoma ventrally predominantly dark, never predominantly yellow-marked... .....................................

16. Face with yellow colouration predominantly in ventral half, slightly extending above antennal tions along inner margins of compound eyes. Scutum with punctures separated by 0.5–2 diameters, but typically by up to 1 puncture diameter. Mesopleuron black. Scutum yellow-marked posterior ½. Found in Turkey... subflavum (Warncke)

- Face with extensive yellow colouration, extending above antennal insertions to cover majority Scutum more sparsely punctate, punctures separated by 0.5–2 puncture diameters, but typically over 1 puncture diameter, in direct comparison with larger shining interspaces. Mesopleuron in part with yellow mark. Scutellum entirely yellow-marked. Found in Iran and Turkmenistan.. ....................................................................................................................................................................... abbasi (

17. Integument of body predominantly pale yellow. Mesonotum pale with three strongly longitudinal black lines. Found in Central Asia ( Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan).. ............... mirabile

- Integument of body predominantly dark, with distinct yellow maculations. Scutum dark, without yellow maculations... .........................................................................................................................................................

18. Species very small ( 5 mm). Frons medially with a strong and distinct longitudinal carina that a consistent height running between the antennal insertions up to the anterior ocellus. Central Asia ( Uzbekistan, Tajikistan).. ............................................................. samarkandum (Radoszkowski

- Species either larger, or without such a strong distinct carina on the frons.. ..............................................

19. Scutum with punctation very sparse, macropunctures separated by 1–4 puncture diameters. small ( 4.5 mm). Found in Oman.. ................................................................................................... guichardi

- Scutum with punctation variable, but never so sparse. Body size variable. Distribution otherwise

20. Scutum with punctation variable, punctures separated by 0.5–1 puncture diameters, up to a of 2 puncture diameters. Terga with transverse yellow bands complete, not Mesepisternum adjacent to pronotal lobe with an elongate pale ivory mark. Found in India (........................................................................................................................................ paruii Patiny and Roberts

- Combination of characters otherwise. Found from Morocco to Central Asia... ...........................................

21. Small species ( 5 mm). Scutum densely and uniformly punctate, punctures separated by <puncture diameters. Terga with yellow markings scattered, present laterally and medially in the spots, thus appearing to represent transverse bands that are broadly interrupted in multiple Found in North Africa, south-eastern Europe, the Near East, Turkey, Armenia, Turkmenistan, Iran........................................................................................................................................................... variegatum (

- Combination of characters otherwise... ........................................................................................................................

22. Found in north-western Africa.. ...................................................................................................................................

HISTORY

23. Terga with transverse yellow bands complete, with only small, weak, and dark emarginations iorly. Clypeus weakly domed with its apical margin straight. Face between the antennal insertions a pale triangular marking. Found in Morocco only.. ............................................................. nadigi (

- Terga typically with yellow marks laterally, not forming complete transverse bands. Clypeus convex, the anterior margin presenting a clear median emargination. Face between the insertions not forming a triangle. Found in north-western Africa ( Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia).. ................................................................................................................................................................................ simile

24. Scutum finely and moderately punctate, punctures separated by 1–2 puncture diameters. Terga lateral yellow marks. Frons shallowly and somewhat indistinctly punctured. Found in Turkey Armenia, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Iran.. ...................................................................................................................... ......................................... pictipes (Morawitz) [likely pictipes sensu auctorum; taxon possibly

- Scutum coarsely and irregularly punctate, punctures typically separated by>2 puncture diameters predominantly dark, with yellow marks almost absent. Frons strongly and deeply punctate. Turkey and Israel.. ................................................................... nigrotum Warncke [likely = pictipes (