Hyposmocoma, FROM

NEW HYPOSMOCOMA FROM KAHOʻOLAWE ISLAND 581

pecten present. Thorax, tegula, and metascutellum 2013, W. Haines & D. Rubinoff, WPH047-13, DNA mostly white, some scales tipped with brown; extraction DN2164, slide WPH047- 13♂. abdomen pale grey. Foreleg and midleg coxa, femur, PARATYPES: HI: Kahoʻolawe: Base of Puʻu o tibia, and tarsomeres mostly dark brown with some Moaʻula Iki, N 20.56457 W 156.58519. 1 ♀, on boullighter scales scattered throughout, especially as ders, ‘burrito’ case, 7.iii.2013, em. 26.iv.2013, W. rings around tarsomeres. Hindleg entirely nearly Haines & D. Rubinoff, WPH147-13, DR13C7C, slide white. Forewing ground colour white, with dark WPH147- 13♀. Honokanaiʻa camp. 20 30 0 54 00 N, brown scales scattered throughout, especially near 156 40 0 56 00 W. 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 5.iii.2013. W. Haines & D. costal margin; fringe minimal, nearly white. Rubinoff, WHP051-13. DNA extraction DN2168; Hindwing and fringe uniformly brown. Subcostal WPH073-13, DNA extraction 2179. Kaukamoku brush apparently absent. No sclerotized hook present gulch, 20 33 0 33 00 N, 156 35 0 13 00 W. ♀, 7.iii.2013, W. on segment VII. Females similar to males except Haines & D. Rubinoff, WPH048-13, DNA extraction frenulum with three acanthae and antennae slightly DN2165, slide WPH048- 13♀. Kealialalo, 20 32 0 23 00 N, thinner than those of males. 156 38 0 15 00 W. 1 ♀, 5.iii.2013, W. Haines & D. Rubi- Male genitalia: (N = 1) ( Fig. 4F View Figure 4 ). Valvae symmetri- noff, WPH081-13, DNA extraction DN2187. Near cal, simple, slightly upcurved, enlarged and rounded Honokanaiʻa camp, N 20.52256 W 156.68657. 1 ♂, on apically. Anellar lobes not visible. Phallus large, boulder, ‘burrito’ case, 6.iii.2013, em. 9.iv.2013, W cylindrical, heavily sclerotized, straight. Haines & D Rubinoff, WPH121-13, DNA extraction Female genitalia: (N = 1) ( Fig. 5E View Figure 5 ). Papillae anales DN2219. short. Apophyses thin and straight; posterior apophyses very long, about two times length of ante- Diagnosis : Of the Kahoʻolawe Hyposmocoma , the rior apophyses. Ductus bursae long, about same forewing pattern of H. oolea is very similar to H. length as anterior apophysis. Corpus bursae oval, kamaula and H. waauhi in being mostly brown with about same length as anterior apophysis; two small irregular darker bands that appear as spots, and so circular signa present near centre of corpus bursa. the male genitalia are required to diagnose this Inception of ductus seminalis situated at posterior species. The male genitalia have a crescent-shaped end of corpus bursae. left lobe of the anellus, as well as a fifth seta on the lobe of the left valva; no other Kahoʻolawe Etymology : Hyposmocoma nohomeha , or ‘hermit’, Hyposmocoma has this combination of characters. from the Hawaiian noho (reside) and meha (isolated/alone), so named because the phylogeny Description : (N = 7) ( Fig. 3G View Figure 3 ). Wingspan 10.0 – suggests that this species has been isolated from 11.6 mm. Head dark brown. Haustellum with brown its nearest relatives for a long time on a small scales. Maxillary palpus reduced. Recurved labial island. palpus with second segment nearly white with darker scales scattered throughout; third segment Biology : Based on its position in the phylogenetic dark brown. Antennal flagellomeres dark brown tree, we expect larvae of H. nohomeha to construct scales; scape dark brown; pecten present. Thorax , ‘burrito’ case types, as it is sister to another clade tegula, metascutellum, and abdomen dark brown. that makes this case type. Fore-, mid-, and hindleg coxa dark brown; femur, tibia, and tarsomeres dark brown with each segment Distribution : Known only from Kahoʻolawe Island, terminating with a light brown ring. Forewing Hawai i, where it is presumed to be endemic. ground colour brown, with several bands of darker scales extending from costal margin to anal margin, Remarks : This species is one of several independent alternating with bands of lighter scales; fringe lineages with the ‘burrito’ case type that inhabit brown. Hindwing and fringe uniformly brown. Kahoʻolawe. In the phylogeny, H. nohomeha is Subcostal brush present. Sclerotized hook separated from its closest known relatives by a long (pseuduncus sensu Zimmerman, 1978) elongate, branch ( Fig. 2), implying either a long history of slender, straight; distinct sclerotized ring on segment isolation, or extinction of related taxa. VII. Females similar to males except frenulum with three acanthae. HYPOSMOCOMA OOLEA MEDEIROS, HAINES & RUBI- Male genitalia: (N = 1) ( Fig. 4G View Figure 4 ). Valvae asymmetrical, left valva robust and with four heavy, long, NOFF SP. NOV. ( FIGS 3G View Figure 3 , 4G View Figure 4 , 5F, I View Figure 5 ) sclerotized spur-like setae projecting dorsally near apex of both valvae; one additional heavy seta pro- Material examined: HOLOTYPE: HI: Kahoʻolawe: jecting dorsally from an acute dorsal lobe located GoogleMaps