Diadasina distincta (Holmberg)

Diadasina distincta (Holmberg) View in CoL

( Figs. 1, 3, 5 View Figures 1–6 , 7 View Figures 7–10 , 13, 15 View Figures 13–17 , 23 View Figures 23-24 )

Teleutemnesta distincta Holmberg, 1903: 404–405 View in CoL . Lectotype female, Argentina, Buenos Aires, Las Conchas [nowadays Tigre], MACN, examined, present designation.

Ancyloscelis analis Vachal, 1904: 19 View in CoL . Two female syntypes, République Argentine, MNHN, examined.

Ptilothrix adolphi Strand, 1910: 510 View in CoL . Lectotype male, Paraguay, Asunción, Sapucay, 12.I.05, J.D. Anisits, ZMB, examined, present designation.

Ancyloscelis duckei Friese, 1910: 708 View in CoL . Type Brazil, Pará, A. Ducke col., not located (preoc., not Ancyloscelis duckei Friese, 1904 View in CoL ).

Melitoma paraensis Ducke, 1912: 96 View in CoL (nom. nov. for Ancyloscelis duckei Friese, 1910 View in CoL ). New synonym.

Diadasia paraensis monticola Moure, 1944: 115 View in CoL . Holotype male, Brazil, São Paulo, Monte Alegre , Faz. Experimental, 750 m, 14/ 27.X.1942, L. Travassos & R.F. d’Almeida, MZSP, examined. New synonym.

DIAGNOSIS: This widespread species is readily distinguished by the fulvous color of the pile on the vertex and the dorsum of the thorax, more conspicuous in females than in males. Both sexes have a distinctive distal segment on the labial and maxillary palpi, with a broadened, bifid apex ( Fig. 5 View Figures 1–6 ). The scutum has sparser punctures than in the other species of the genus. Males are readily distinguished by the loose pilosity of S6, not forming a dense tuft as in the other species, and by the crenulate antenna.

REDESCRIPTION: Female. Length, 7.0– 8.5 mm; length of forewing 5.8–7.0 mm. Black, with yellowish brown distitarsi and tegula, and yellowish tibial spurs; but some specimens with all tarsi yellowish brown to yellowish, and antenna with reddish last flagellomeres. Pubescence rufous on vertex and dorsum of mesosoma; greyish on rest of head and mesosoma, on proximal part of legs, and base of T1; brown to dark brown on dorsal surface of fore and mid tibiae; black along upper margin of hind tibia apical of basitibial plate; yellowish brown to bright orange brown on hind tibia, tarsi, and metasomal sterna. Pubescence brown to yellowish brown on basal part of T2, black on basal part of T3–T4; prepygidial and pygidial fimbriae black; basal part of T5 with appressed white hairs; apical bands on T1–T4 yellow. Hairs on scutum 0.8–1.4 ˟ MOD; on mesopleuron 1.7–2.2 ˟ MOD. Hairs on outer side of forebasitarsus simple. Scopa on hind tibia and basitarsus sparse, with long, stiff, simple hairs and shorter plumose hairs with few, long branches. T1–T4 with sharply defined apical bands, that on T3 along midline 1.3–1.8 ˟ MOD. Scutum with sparse punctures, separated by polished interspaces 1–3 ˟ puncture diameter. Eyes weakly convergent below, proportion of upper to lower interocular distance, 1:1.05–1.10. Vertex moderately elevated behind ocelli, distance from median ocellus to vertex in frontal view 1.07–1.10 ˟ MOD. Last segment of labial and maxillary palpi with truncate, bifid apex.

Male. Length, 6.5–8.5 mm; length of forewing 5.7–6.8 mm. Color of integument similar to that of female, but hind and mid tibiae sometimes with apical yellowish brown spot on outer surface; in some specimens nearly whole hind tibia and S6 yellowish brown, and flagellum entirely reddish. Pubescence yellowish brown to greyish, in some specimens paler on venter of body. With well-defined apical bands on T1–T6. S6 with sparse hairs, longer on apical third and on median longitudinal elevation, shorter at sides of longitudinal elevation. Vertex moderately elevated behind ocelli, distance from median ocellus to vertex in frontal view 1.0–1.2 ˟ MOD. Flagellum crenulate, proportion of four proximal flagellomeres 1:1:1.2:1.2; first and second flagellomeres as long as their apical width, following two flagellomeres longer than their apical width (1.2 ˟).

COMMENTS ON TYPE MATERIAL: A single syntype specimen of Teleutemnesta distincta from the Holmberg collection is preserved in Buenos Aires at MACN. It is a female lacking the head and part of the metasoma beyond T2. It bears the following labels: a white minute triangle with a date “II/26”, a rectangular label with the number “29.” and a label in Holmberg’s handwriting “distincta /Holmberg.” The date coincides with the date indicated for the specimen mentioned in the original description as collected in Buenos Aires, Las Conchas (nowadays locality of Tigre). The number 29 coincides with the number of the microscopic slide of the mouthparts indicated by Holmberg in the original description. The specimen is here designated as the lectotype and labeled accordingly. The syntype specimens from Córdoba and Paraguay can be considered lost. The lectotype agrees in every detail with the current concept of the species.

The syntypes of Ancyloscelis analis Vachal preserved in Paris are two females mounted together on a single pin. The locality label, a white rectangle written with red ink, only reads “Argentin.” Both specimens are conspecific and agree with D. distincta (Holmberg) .

Strand (1910) based his species Ptilothrix adolphi on several specimens, all of which agree with D. distincta . A male with the following labels is designated here as the lectotype: “ Asuncion / Paraguay / Sapucay/ 12.I.05/ J.D.Anisits,” “ Ptilothrix / adolphi/ [male symbol] m./ Strand det.,” “Co-/ Type,” and a lectotype label of mine. A female with similar labels is designated as paralectotype.

When I requested type material of Ancyloscelis duckei Friese, 1910 from Berlin (ZMB), it was not located. I have studied several specimens that may represent syntypes, since Friese may have sent them back to A. Ducke: two specimens identified by Friese himself as Ptilothrix duckei (at SEMC), specimens identified by Ducke as Ancyloscelis duckei (Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi and SEMC) , and the specimen invalidly designated as lectotype of Melitoma paraensis Ducke by Nascimento (1979) at the Museu Goeldi. All these specimens are from Pará and were collected by Ducke before 1910. It is not clear whether Friese actually based his species on any of these specimens, and their type status is not certain. However, the pattern of pubescence of the female and the crenulate antenna of the male, both described by Friese (1910), leave no doubts about the identity of the species.

The male holotype of Diadasia paraensis monticola Moure corresponds to a male of D. distincta (Holmberg) . The color differences mentioned by Moure (1944), i.e., the black antennae and legs, fall within the limits of variability of the species. Males with reddish flagellum and extensively reddish legs as well as males with dark antennae and legs occur frequently in the same populations, without a geographic correlation.

DISTRIBUTION: Argentina, provinces of Buenos Aires, Chaco, Córdoba, Corrientes, Entre Ríos, Formosa, Jujuy , Misiones, Río Negro , Salta, Santa Fe, Santiago del Estero , and Tucumán. Brazil, states of Alagoas, Amazonas, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Pará, Paraíba, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul , and São Paulo. Paraguay, departments of Alto Paraná, Asunción, Concepción, Cordillera, Itapuá ,

Presidente Hayes, and San Pedro. Uruguay, department of Treinta y Tres.

MATERIAL STUDIED: Argentina. Buenos Aires: 2 F, Otamendi , ii.1993, P. Hazeldine ( MACN) ; 12 F, Otamendi , 1.ii.1990, L. Moffatt ( MACN) ; 1 F, Sierra de la Ventana , 1.ii.1989 ( MACN) ; 20 F, 5 M, Buenos Aires, ii.1898, xii.1903, xii.1907, ii.1908, 10.xii.1915, J. Brèthes ( MACN) ; 10 F, 9 M, La Plata ( MACN) ; 5 M, Capital Federal, Reserva Costanera Sur , 6.xi.2015, 1.xii.2015, 25.i.2016, Compagnucci, Galvani, González Vaquero ( MACN) ; 2 M, Canal San Fernando , xi.1945, A.O. ( MLP) ; 10 F, 1 M, Dique Luján , 21.i.1945, A. Martínez ( MLP) ; 3 F, Tigre , 21.ii.1945 ( MLP) ; 1 F, Punta Lara , 20.i.1946, A. Martínez ( MLP) . Chaco: 24 F, 5 M, Fontana , 10/ 19.iv.2016, A. Schaller ( MACN) ; 1 M, Colonia Benítez , 12.xii.1948, R. Golbach ( IFML) ; 5 M, Colonia Benítez , 20.xi.2018, A. Schaller ( MACN) ; 1 F, Barranqueras , 23.iv.1916, A. Schaller ( MACN) ; 1F, 1 M, Colonia Elisa , 15.xi.2017, A. Schaller ( MACN) ; 3 F, 4 M, Resistencia, Parque Caraguatá , 19.xi.2018, A. Schaller ( MACN) ; 1 M, Colonia Mixta , 4.i.1917, A. Schaller ( MACN) ; 12 F, 1 M, Dpto. San Marín , La Eduvigis, 5/ 12.i.2018, A. Schaller ( MACN) ; 2 F, Parque Nacional Chaco, Laguna Carpincho , 27.ii.2004, L. Compagnucci ( MACN) ; 7 M, Parque Nacional Chaco, 12/ 13.xi.2007, L. Compagnucci ( MACN) ; 4 M, Roque Sáenz Peña , 1930, Ohnmeiser ( MACN) . Córdoba: 1 F, San Marcos Sierras , 7.i.2005, L. Compagnucci ( MACN) . Corrientes: 1 F, Manantiales , i.1960, Apóstol ( MACN) ; 1 F, Estación Biológica EBCO, 26.x.2016, ex Convolvulaceae, A. Schaller (MACN) ; 2 F, Empedrado, Derqui , 17.i.2018, A. Ávalos ( MACN) ; 1 F, Corrientes, ciudad, Camping El 15, 18.xii.2016, A. Ávalos ( MACN) ; 1 F, 1 M, Pellegrini , xii.1974, Fritz ( MACN) . Entre Ríos: 5 F, 2 M, Liebig , 17/ 20.xii.2004, A. Roig A. ( MACN) ; 4 F, 1 M, Tuyuparé , 26.ii.1911, J. Brèthes ( MACN) ; 2 F, Palmar de Colón , i.1974, iii.1978, Fritz ( DZUP) ; 1 F, Parque Nacional El Palmar, 11.iii.1994, Hazeldine ( MACN) ; 2 M, Gualeguaychú , Haedo Rossi ( IFML) ; 1 F, Pronunciamiento , ii.1962, F.H. Walz ( DZUP) ; 4 F, 1 M, Pronunciamiento , i.1961, J. Foerster ( DZUP) . Formosa: 1 F, 11 M, C. Aquino, 26.x.2011, Galvani ( MACN) ; 3 F, Tres Marías, Galvani ( MACN) ; 2 M, ciudad Formosa, Reserva Laguna Oca , 26.ix.2008, G. Galvani ( MACN) ; 1 F, 1 M, Gran Guardia, J. Foerster ( MLP) ; 1 M, Gran Guardia , xi.1952, J. Foerster ( DZUP) . Jujuy: 1 M, Yuto , 12.ii.1945, J.F. ( MLP) ; 7 F, 2 M, Jujuy ( MACN) . Misiones: 1 F, Misión San Ignacio , xi.1953, Viana & De Carlo ( MACN) ; 1 M, Posadas , 17.xi.1945, A. Martínez ( MLP) . Río Negro: 4 F, 1 M, Lago Pellegrini , 22.i.1975, Willink, Claps ( IFML) ; 7 F, 2 M, Luis Beltrán , xii.1991, Fritx ( MACN) ; 7 F, Choele Choel , i.1991, U. Fritz ( MACN) . Salta: 1 M, Orán, ii.1945, A. Martínez ( MLP) ; 1 F, Saucelito , 1.xii.1952, A. Ogloblin ( MLP) ; 2 M, Tartagal , ii.1957, Willink ( IFML) ; 3 F, 1 M, Rosario de Lerma , xii.1992, A. Roig A. & L. Horovitz ( MACN) . Santa Fe: 1 F, Vera , 25.iii.1942 ( MLP) ; 1 M, Fontana , 28.iii.1942 ( MLP) ; 3 M, San Javier, La Brava , 26.x.2010, J.P. Torretta & C. Cerino ( MACN) . Santiago del Estero: 1 M, Tapso , 22. iv.1951, A. Ogloblin ( MLP) ; 1 M, Termas de Río Hondo, Dique Frontal , 16.x.1971, C. Porter ( IFML) . Tucumán: 1 M, Tucumán , 9.xii.1952 ( MLP) ; 1 F, Trancas, Tacanas , 21.xi.1957, Golbach ( DZUP) . Brazil. Alagoas: 2 F, São Miguel , xi.1952, Camargo ( MZSP) . Amazonas: 1 F, Manaus , x.1959, C. Elias ( DZUP) . Bahia: 3 F, 1 M, Jequié , 10.viii.1964, C. Elias ( DZUP) ; 1 F, Maracás , ix.1965, F. oliveira ( DZUP) ; 1 F, Cacule , vii.1961, S. Laroca ( DZUP) . Espírito Santo: 1 M, Santa Maria , 21.i.1967, C. & C.T. Elias ( DZUP) ; 5 F, Santa Teresa , 19.iii.1966, 4.iv.1966, C.T. & C.Elias ( DZUP) ; 1 F, 1 M, Conc. da Barra , 26.iv.1968, C. Elias ( DZUP) ; 1 F, Baixo Guandú , 7.vi.1971, C. Elias ( DZUP) ; 1 F, Colatina , 28.vii.1964, C. Elias ( DZUP) ; 1 M, São Roque , 5.v.1966, C. Elias ( DZUP) ; 1 F, Jacaraipe , 18.ii.1967, C. & C.T. Elias ( DZUP) ; 2 F, Guarapari , ix.1960, M. Alvarenga ( DZUP) . Maranhão: 1 F, São Luis , 11.viii.1953 ( DZUP) . Mato Grosso: 1 F, Chavantina , vii.1962, Alvarenga- Oliveira ( DZUP) . Minas Gerais: 6 F, Passos , 3.xi.1962, 1/ 7.v.1963, 9/ 14.xii.1963, C. Elias ( DZUP) ; 2 F, Araxá , 5.iv.1965, C. Elias ( DZUP) . Pará: 1 M, Santarém, Fazenda Taperinha , ii.1968 ( MZSP) ; 12 F, 3 M, Belem , 28.v.1956, E. Lobato ( DZUP) ; 2 F, 2 M, Conceição Araguaia , vii.1959, M. Alvarenga ( DZUP) . Paraíba: 3 F, Juazeirinho , 3.xi.1955, A. Silva ( DZUP) . Paraná: 2 F, Jacarezinho , 13.ii.1961, Marston - Laroca ( DZUP) . Rio Grande do Sul: 2 F, Rosario do Sul , 30.xi.1985, R. Radtke ( DZUP) . São Paulo: 1 M, Batatais , 1.i.1972, J.S. Moure ( DZUP) ; 1 F, Campinas , i.1962, J.S. Moure ( DZUP) ; 1 F, Cosmopolis, Usina Ester , 9/ 13.ii.1960, Moure-Hurd-Nogueira ( DZUP) ; 1 F, Rifaina , 20.ix.1965, C. Elias ( DZUP) . Paraguay. Alto Paraná: 1M, Puerto Gral Díaz , iii.1944 ( DZUP) . Asunción: 1 M, San Lorenzo , i.1962, Sakagami & Laroca ( DZUP) ; 2 M, Assunção, 13.i.1962, Sakagami & Laroca ( DZUP) . Concepción: 1 M, 12 km S Vallemi , 3.ii.2007, E. Willis ( PCYU) . Cordillera: 1 M, 2 km NE Atyra , 18.i.2007, E. Willis ( PCYU) . Itapuá: 3 M, Primavera , xii.1954, W. Brown ( DZUP) . Presidente Hayes: 1 M, 12 km NW Campo María , 5.ii.2007, E. Willis ( PCYU) . San Pedro: 1 F, Carumbe , 28.i/ 10.iii.1965, Golbach ( IFML) . Uruguay. Treinta y Tres: 6 M, Arroyo Ayala , 18.xi.1942, C. Carbonell ( MLP) .