Chthonos kwati, Labarque & Piacentini & Pons & Hormiga & Arnedo & Ramírez, 2025

Labarque, Facundo M., Piacentini, Luis N., Pons, Joan, Hormiga, Gustavo, Arnedo, Miquel A. & Ramírez, Martín J., 2025, Ray spider rush: Fast-tracking integrative taxonomy in Panama’s cloud forests, European Journal of Taxonomy 1010, pp. 1-145 : 39-41

publication ID

https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.1010.3021

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:90524F49-7BA2-4B8A-9BE3-450CB77A31A0

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17151277

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C987C4-B57A-8C7E-FD7A-FEDDFEC9F8C3

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Chthonos kwati
status

sp. nov.

Chthonos kwati sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:

Figs 1 View Fig , 12–13 View Fig View Fig

Diagnosis

Males and females of Chthonos kwati sp. nov. resemble the females of Chthonos tuberosa ( Keyserling, 1886) by the presence of five dorsal opisthosoamal tubercles, including two lateral pairs, each pair separated by their diameter, wider than long and relatively short, and one anterior central tubercle as wide as long ( Figs 12A–B View Fig , 13A–B View Fig ; Keyserling 1886: pl. XX figs 303, 303A), but C. kwati can be distinguished by the presence of a posterior central tubercle, longer than wide, extending posteriorly.

Etymology

The specific name is derived from ‘kwätí’ which means ‘six’ in the Ngäbere language, currently spoken by the Ngäbe native people of Panama, and refers to the six tubercles of the opisthosoma.

Type material

Holotype

PANAMA – Chiriquí Province • ♂; Reserva Forestal Fortuna , Quebrada Honda , one-hectare PANCODING inventory, 8.750083° N, 82.239083° W; 1135 m a.s.l.; 7–12 Jun. 2007; M. Arnedo, D. Dimitrov, G. Hormiga, F. Labarque and M. Ramírez leg.; voucher code SFD1NCR006; preparation codes FML-00706, FML-00707; DNA barcode SPIPA408-10 ; MIUP.

GoogleMaps

Paratype

PANAMA – Chiriquí Province • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; voucher code SFU1NAD034; preparation code LNP-00279; DNA code chts2061; GenBank code PX096999 ; MACN-Ar 29067 . GoogleMaps

Description

Male ( holotype MIUP SFD1NCR006)

Total length 1.64. Prosoma: length 0.81, width 0.65, height 0.64. Sternum: length 0.40, width 0.49. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.10, PME 0.09, AME–PME 0.10. Opisthosoma: length 1.4, width 1.14, height 1.06. Leg formula: 1243. Dorsal shield of prosoma reddish-brown ( Fig. 12A View Fig ). Sternum reddish-brown ( Fig. 12B–C View Fig ). Opisthosoma color overall yellowish-white with numerous setal sclerotized pits, and dorsal reddish-brown scutum with symmetric lighter pattern ( Fig. 12A–B View Fig ). Epiandrum, booklung cover, and tracheal spiracle reddish-brown ( Fig. 12B–C View Fig ). Spinneret field orange surrounded by reddish-brown sclerotized ring ( Fig. 12B–C View Fig ). Legs I–II darker than III–IV, femora and tibiae greenish-brown with lighter middle band, metatarsi greenish-brown but proximally lighter, patellae greenish-brown and tarsi orange ( Fig. 12A–C View Fig ). Palp: cymbium distally pointed, paracymbium proximally extended, median apophysis retrolateral side with blunt projection extending ventrally, conductor apophysis hooked, embolus entire and covered by conductor ( Fig. 12D–F View Fig ).

Female ( paratype MACN-Ar 29067)

Total length 1.98. Prosoma: length 0.89, width 0.69, height 0.71. Sternum: length 0.41, width 0.48. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.10, PME 0.09, AME–PME 0.11. Opisthosoma: length 1.59, width 1.55, height 1.35. Leg formula: 1243. Coloration lighter than male ( Fig. 13A–C View Fig ). Opisthosoma scutum absent ( Fig. 13A–B View Fig ). Epigynal plate reddish-brown ( Fig. 13C View Fig ), with transverse ridges, transverse groove deep, central pit toothed ( Fig. 13D View Fig ). Vulva: copulatory ducts irregular and membranous, with patch of gland ducts dorsally, inserting ventrolaterally posteriorly into spermathecae, spermathecae round, sclerotized, and connate (i.e, fused along midline), fertilization ducts sclerotized, emerging laterally posteriorly from spermathecae, curving dorsally anteriorly to meet uterus externus ( Fig. 13D View Fig ).

Records and biology

Records are limited to collections made at 1135 m a.s.l. in premontane rainforest from Reserva Forestal Fortuna ( Fig. 1 View Fig ). The male and female have been collected at night by looking down and looking up, respectively.

Remarks

Males of C. kwati sp. nov. differ from those of other Panamanian species of Chthonos by having the conductor apophysis longer than wide, forming a straight angle hook ( Fig. 12E View Fig ), whereas C. dobo sp. nov. and C. kaibe sp. nov. have the apophysis wider than long ( Figs 8E View Fig , 10E View Fig ).

The type specimen of Chthonos tuberosa was examined. Tecmessa tuberosa Keyserling, 1886: 252 , pl. 20 fig. 303 [ ♀] [ type ♀ from Brazil, Santa Catarina, Blumenau (British Museum of Natural History), examined].

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Arachnida

Order

Araneae

Family

Theridiosomatidae

Genus

Chthonos

GBIF Dataset (for parent article) Darwin Core Archive (for parent article) View in SIBiLS Plain XML RDF