Parabuthus Pocock, 1890

Parabuthus Pocock, 1890 View in CoL

( Figures 1–51 View Figures 1–4 View Figures 5–14 View Figures 15–22 View Figures 23–44 View Figures 45–47 View Figures 48–49 View Figures 50–51 , Table 1–2)

Buthus ( Parabuthus) : Pocock, 1890: 124–125.

Parabuthus View in CoL : Pocock, 1895: 309–314, plate IX, figs. 4a–d; Fet & Lowe, 2000: 200–211 (complete reference list until 2000); KovařÍk, 2009: 22, 31; Prendini & Esposito, 2010: 673– 710, figs. 1–17; KovařÍk et al., 2016: 1–58 View Cited Treatment , figs. 1–204, tables 1–2; KovařÍk et al., 2019: 1–62 View Cited Treatment , figs. 1–305, tables 1–5; KovařÍk et al., 2024: 1–27 View Cited Treatment , figs. 1–129, table 1.

= Heterobuthus Kraepelin, 1891: 205–211 (63–69) (syn. by Kraepelin, 1895: 79 (7)).

= Riftobuthus Lourenço et al., 2010: 281 , figs. 1 and 2 (syn. by KovařÍk et al., 2016: 2).

TYPE SPECIES. Androctonus ( Prionurus) liosoma Ehrenberg in Hemprich et Ehrenberg, 1828

DIAGNOSIS. Total length 35–180 mm. Carapace without distinct carinae, in lateral view with entire dorsal surface horizontal or nearly so. Five pairs of lateral eyes and eyespot present. Pectines with fulcra, female pectines typically with dilated or lobate basal middle lamella. Pectine teeth number 18–62. Hemispermatophore flagelliform, capsule with ‘2+1’ lobe configuration, with broad posterior lobe, small simple anterior lobe, and robust hook-like basal lobe; flagellum arising distally from posterior lobe, pars recta short and narrow, pars reflecta long and fusiform. Sternum subtriangular. Mesosoma with tergites I– VI monocarinate, sternites III – VI with slit-like spiracles. Dorsal surfaces of first and second metasomal segments with stridulatory areas. Telson without subaculear tubercle. Chelicera with typical buthid dentition, fixed finger with two ventral denticles. Orthobothriotaxic type A, dorsal trichobothria of pedipalp femur arranged in α-configuration. Patellar trichobothrium d 2 located external to dorsomedian carina (when carina is present). Chela manus with trichobothria V 1 and V 2 axis oblique, Eb 1–3 in γ-configuration. Trichobothrium eb located on fixed finger of chela. Dentate margin of pedipalp chela movable finger with distinct granules divided into 9–14 rows, 3 terminal granules and one basal terminal granule. Tibial spurs present on third and fourth pairs of legs .