Zetzellia mali (Ewing 1917)

Zetzellia mali (Ewing 1917) View in CoL

Material examined — 5 ♀♀ 1 ♂: 4 ♀, 1 ♂ (Altınordu, N40°54′36.26″ E37°50′22.97″, 140 m, 02. IX.2019), 1 ♀ (Ünye, N41°5′3.21″ E37°11′12.07″, 241 m, 18. VII.2018)

Remarks — Zetzellia mali was originally classified under the genus Caligonus . Later,

Ewing (1921) transferred the species to the genus Syncaligus . However, Oudemans (1929) transferred it to the genus Zetzellia ( Summers 1960) . The species was recorded in Austria, Bulgaria, Canada, China, Czech, France, Germany, Hungary, India, Iran, Italy (including Sardinia), Lebanon, Lithuanian SSR, Moldavia, Netherlands, Poland, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Tunisia, Türkiye, UK, USA and Yugoslavia ( Fan et al. 2016). In Türkiye, this species was first reported as Mediolata mali (Ewing) ( Trombidiformes : Raphignathidae ) on apple leaves in Bilecik by Düzgüneş (1963). It has since been recorded from various plants including hazelnut (Samsun), Juglans regia L. ( Juglandaceae ) (Ankara, Van), ornamental trees and shrubs (Ankara, Istanbul), fruit trees (Van, Bursa, Tokat, Diyarbakır), S. esculentum and S. melongena (Bursa, Ankara) ( Akyazı and Ecevit 2003 ; Çobanoğlu et al. 2003 ; Kumral

2005; Doğan 2007 ; Kasap et al. 2007; Kasap and Çobanoğlu 2007 ; Denizhan and Çobanoğlu

2008, 2009 ; Sağlam and Çobanoğlu 2010 ; Yeşilayer and Çobanoğlu 2013 ; Çobanoğlu and Kumral 2014 ; Kumral and Çobanoğlu 2015 ; Miroğlu and Çıkman 2022). In previous studies in Ordu, which is the field of this study, it was collected from various plants such as Diospyros kaki Thunb. ( Ebenaceae ) ( Akyazı et al. 2016 a, 2017), P. vulgaris , S. melongena , Solanum lycopersicum L. ( Solanaceae ), Cucurbita sp. ( Cucurbitaceae ) ( Soysal and Akyazı 2018), Malus domestica Borkhausen , Pyrus communis L., Cydonia oblonga Miller ( Rosaceae ), E. japonica ( Akyol and Akyazı 2022) , and Prunus laurocerasus L. ( Rosaceae ) ( Akyazı et al. 2022b). Croft

(1994) stated that Z. mali feeds on eggs and immature stages of the European red mite, as well as the active stages of the apple rust mite. Khanjani and Ueckermann (2002) also reported that it prefers to feed on eriophyid mites rather than adult tetranychid mites. Santos (1976)

and Clements and Harmsen (1993) found that it has a high reproduction rate on Panonychus ulmi (Koch) ( Trombidiformes : Tetranychidae ). Denizhan and Çobanoğlu (2009) collected it from eriophyid galls. Kasap and Çobanoğlu (2007) also found it in apple orchards, along with Bryobia rubrioculus Scheuten , Amphitetranychus viennensis (Zacher) ( Trombidiformes : Tetranychidae ), P. ulmi , tydeid and phytoseiid species. Additionally, Dönel and Doğan (2013) have even collected it from bird nests. Moreover, it is known that Z. mali can feed on the eggs of other predator mites, as mentioned by Kain and Nyrop (1995). Akyol and Akyazı (2022) found that Z. mali and Transeius wainsteini (Gomelauri) ( Mesostigmata : Phytoseiidae ) had the highest tendency to occur together in a predatory species complex. The pair E. finlandicus - Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) rapidus Wainstein & Arutunjan ( Mesostigmata : Phytoseiidae ), and T. rapidus - Z. mali also showed a highly positive association.