Alpaida kayapo, Pamplona & Bonaldo & Pantoja, 2025

Alpaida kayapo sp. nov.

Figs 9A–D View FIGURE 9 , 10A–E View FIGURE 10 , 11A–C View FIGURE 11 , 15 View FIGURE 15

Type material. Holotype ♂ from Base de Operações Geológicas Pedro de Moura ( 04°51'17.7''S, 65°04'14.4''W), Coari, Amazonas, Brazil, 29.IX.2006, N.F. Lo-Man-Hung coll. ( MPEG. ARA 038514 View Materials ) GoogleMaps . Paratypes. ♀, same data as the holotype ( MPEG. ARA 038513 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; ♀, same data as the holotype, except for 15.X.2006 ( MPEG. ARA 038509 View Materials ) GoogleMaps .

Additional material examined. BRAZIL: Amazonas: Coari, Base de Operações Geólogo Pedro de Moura ( 04°52'07.6''S, 65°15'53.6''W), 01.XI.2006 GoogleMaps , D.F. Candiani coll., 1♂ ( MPEG. ARA 038506 View Materials ); same locality as previous, 26.X.2006, N.F. Lo-Man-Hung coll GoogleMaps ., 1♂ ( MPEG. ARA 038507 View Materials ); same locality as previous, 05.IX.2019 GoogleMaps , C.A.C. Santos coll., 1♀ ( MPEG. ARA 038508 View Materials ); same locality as previous, 06.IX.2006 GoogleMaps , D.F. Candiani coll., 1♀ ( MPEG. ARA 038510 View Materials ); same data as previous GoogleMaps , 1♀ ( MPEG. ARA 038511 View Materials ); same locality as previous, 22.IX.2006 GoogleMaps , C.A.C. Santos coll., 1♀ ( MPEG. ARA 038512 View Materials ) .

Etymology. The name Kayapo is a noun in apposition was chosen due to its significant connection to the Amazon region, where the Kayapo indigenous tribes live. These tribes are known for their close relationship with the Amazon rainforest, which is also the habitat of the newly described species.

Diagnosis. Males and females of A. kayapo sp. nov. resemble A. clarindoi Nogueira & Dias, 2015 ( Nogueira & Dias 2015, figs 1–9) by the dorsum of the abdomen with an anterior median white spot and a pair of conical shoulder humps on the anterolateral edges (termed as “shoulder spines'' by Nogueira & Dias (2015)), although these projections are inconspicuous in the males ( Figs 9A View FIGURE 9 , 10A View FIGURE 10 ). Males of A. kayapo sp. nov. resembles those of A. clarindoi by having a round conductor, slightly curved embolus, distal lobe of the terminal apophysis anteriorly projected and anterior edge of the tegulum with a small pointed lobe ( Figs 9C, D View FIGURE 9 , 11A View FIGURE 11 ). A. kayapo sp. nov. being distinguished by the terminal apophysis with longer basal prong and cockscomb-shaped distal lobe with spiniform projections at the apex, distal lobe in a similar fashion as in A. vera Levi, 1988 ( Figs 9C, D View FIGURE 9 , 11A View FIGURE 11 ; Levi 1988, fig. 380); while A. clarindoi has a pointed and elongated distal lobe and shorter basal prong of the terminal apophysis ( Nogueira & Dias 2015, figs 7–9). Females of A. kayapo sp. nov. are very similar to those of A. clarindoi by the epigyne with triangular scape and sub-rectangular posterior plate ( Figs 10C–E View FIGURE 10 , 11B, C View FIGURE 11 ; Nogueira & Dias 2015, figs 3–5), differing by having round spermathecae and more sclerotized ventral plate with only a median subrectangular unsclerotized area ( Figs 10C–E View FIGURE 10 , 11B, C View FIGURE 11 ) (vs elliptical spermathecae and ventral plate with a large median triangular unsclerotized area in A. clarindoi ) ( Nogueira & Dias 2015, figs 3–5).

Description. Male (based on holotype MPEG.ARA 038514): Carapace, chelicerae, maxillae and labium pale orange ( Figs 9A, B View FIGURE 9 ); sternum cordiform, orange with a median longitudinal slender dark stripe ( Fig. 9B View FIGURE 9 ). Legs orange ( Figs 9A, B View FIGURE 9 ). Abdomen gray, dorsum with scattered dark patches, denser on the posterior region, with three anterior and one median white spot, and bearing a pair of faint anterolateral dorsal shoulder humps ( Fig. 9A View FIGURE 9 ); venter with two paramedian white bands and a large posterior band on each side ( Fig. 9B View FIGURE 9 ). Palp ( Figs 9C, D View FIGURE 9 , 11A View FIGURE 11 ): tegular lobe small and acuminate; terminal apophysis broad, with basal prong flat, long and slender, and distal lobe anteriorly projected, bearing four apical spines and one ventroapical digitiform process; conductor lobe digitiform; conductor rounded, short; embolus slightly curved and tapered at the tip; median apophysis twice as long as wide, canoe-shaped. Measurements. Total length: 4.46. Carapace: length 2.22; width 1.74. Leg I: femur 1.92; patella + tibia:2.43; metatarsus 1.43; tarsus 0.96. Patella + tibia II 1.95; III 1.42; IV 2.51.

Female (based on paratype MPEG.ARA 038513): Carapace, chelicerae, maxillae and labium orange ( Fig. 10A View FIGURE 10 ); sternum cordiform, orange with a mosaic of white patches ( Fig. 10B View FIGURE 10 ). Legs orange at the base and slightly brown distally, except the coxae and metatarsi entirely orange ( Figs 10A, B View FIGURE 10 ). Abdomen dark gray with an anteromedian and two anterolateral white spots and bearing a pair of anterolateral dorsal shoulder humps ( Fig. 10A View FIGURE 10 ); venter brown, except by the yellow anterior region, bearing two white paramedian bands, posteriorly acuminate ( Fig. 10B View FIGURE 10 ). Epigyne ( Figs 10C–E View FIGURE 10 , 11B, C View FIGURE 11 ) with a subtriangular and broad scape, bearing a median subposterior pocket and a broad longitudinal median notch; posterior plate wider than long with two diagonal lateral pockets; lips with straight lateral margin. Measurements. Total length: 6.43. Carapace: length 2.93; width 2.25. Leg I: femur 2.61; patella + tibia: 3.58; metatarsus 2,089; tarsus 1.02. Patella + tibia II 2.87; III 2.17; IV 3.46.

Taxonomic notes. Alpaida kayapo sp. nov. is closely related to A. clarindoi due to genitalic morphology and abdominal coloration and both species are found in the Amazon, with a distance between the type localities of approximately 660 km. Although males present clear differences in the terminal apophysis, females are more difficult to diagnose. However, some differences are noticeable: the legs of A. kayapo sp. nov. are lighter than those of A. clarindoi ( Figs 10A, B View FIGURE 10 ; Nogueira & Dias 2015, fig. 2); the spermathecae of A. kayapo sp. nov. are spherical, while those of A. clarindoi are elliptical, longer than wide ( Fig. 10D View FIGURE 10 ; Nogueira & Dias 2015, fig. 5); and the central, unsclerotized region on the epigynal ventral plate is subrectangular in A. kayapo sp. nov., while it is subtriangular in A. clarindoi ( Fig. 10C View FIGURE 10 ; Nogueira & Dias 2015, fig. 3). For these reasons, although we recognize the great similarity between the two species, A. kayapo sp. nov. is herein described as a distinct species from A. clarindoi .

Natural history. The examined specimens were collected in forest areas.

Distribution. Known from the state of Amazonas, Brazil ( Fig. 15 View FIGURE 15 ).