Caroperla brevihamata Mo, Wang & Li, 2020

Caroperla brevihamata Mo, Wang & Li View in CoL , sp. nov.

( Figs. 1–5 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 )

Adult habitus ( Figs. 1 View FIGURE 1 a–1b). General color brown. Head brown, with a large subtrapezoidal dark brown marking, covering ocelli and extending forward to frons; triocellate, anterior ocellus smaller, head slightly wider than pronotum. Pronotum darker than head, rectangular, covered with dark brown markings, corners rounded. Wings brownish, veins darker. Legs brown.

Male ( Figs. 1a, 1b View FIGURE 1 , 2 View FIGURE 2 , 3 View FIGURE 3 , 4 View FIGURE 4 a–4c). Forewing length ca. 8.0 mm, hindwing length ca. 6.7 mm. Epiproct upcurved, anterior margin distinctly sclerotized, posterior margin membranous, upturned apex seemingly semicircular in dorsal views ( Figs. 2 View FIGURE 2 a–2b, 4a, 4c). Paraprocts strongly bent and upturned, apical half cambered, semicircular in outline, subtriangular in caudal view, with vestige of a triangular gill laterally ( Figs. 2 View FIGURE 2 a–2b, 4a–4c). Cerci short, with 6 segments. Basal cercal segment about 5X as long as apical wide of the segment ( Figs. 2c View FIGURE 2 , 3c View FIGURE 3 , 4a, 4c View FIGURE 4 ); segment 1 of cerci distinctly sclerotized, curved upward, and gradually tapering to the tip, with a short hooked process, a long and large seta and two shorter thinner setae at tip; segments 2–6 covered by short dense thin setae with apical whorls. The apical whorl is a set of strong, acute setae. Abdominal tergum 10 with a large dark brown to brown inverted triangular mesal sclerite; terga 4–9 with mesal patches of thickened setae, also medially interrupted by a broad to narrow membranous patch. Abdominal terga and sterna with setal brushes on posterior edge; those on lateral margins of sterna 7–9 conspicuous. The posteromedian margin of the sternum 8 slightly produced forming a small triangular process with a blunt tip ( Figs. 3 View FIGURE 3 a–3b, 4a). Sternum 9 sclerotized, inverted subtrapezoidal ( Figs. 3 View FIGURE 3 a–3b).

Female ( Figs. 1c View FIGURE 1 , 4d View FIGURE 4 , 5 View FIGURE 5 ). Forewing length 8.2 mm, hindwing length 7.2 mm. Habitus generally similar to male. Sternum 8 with large elliptical subgenital plate, extending over abdomen, with a shallow triangular posteromedian notch; posterior margin fringed with a row of long setae ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 ). Posterior margin of sternum 9 constricted medially forming a shallow incision. Cerci short, with 7 segments ( Fig. 4d View FIGURE 4 ). Basal cercal segment about 2 times long as wide; segments armed with normal fine long setae and with apical whorls of strong and acute setae.

Larva and egg. Unknown.

Type material. Holotype male ( HIST): CHINA: Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin City, Multinational Autonomous County of Longsheng , Huaping National Nature Reserve , 25°37’ 37’’ N, 109°54’42” E, 731.6 m, 2020.VI.15, light trap, Raorao Mo, Yan Lai et al GoogleMaps . Paratype: 1 female ( HIST), same location and collectors as holotype, 2020.VI.17, light trap GoogleMaps .

Etymology. Latin “brev” means short; Latin “hamatus” means hooked. The specific epithet refers to the short hooked apical process of basal cercal segment.

Distribution. China ( Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region).

Remarks. The male of new species is characterized by the inverted triangular mesal sclerite of tergum 10, the semicircular epiproct, the semicircular paraprocts with a small vestige of a triangular gill laterally, the tip of cercal segment 1 with a short hooked process and a long and large seta, and sternum 8 with a small triangular posteromedian process. The dorsolateral paraproct of the male has a vestige of a gill in both the new species and Japanese C. pacifica Kohno, 1946 , but the basal cercal segment of the latter species has a large and long sclerotized hook, distinguishing it from C. brevihamata . Both the new species and C. longilobata Mo, Wang & Li, 2019 , another species known from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, share a similar long, large and outcurved seta on tip of cercal segment 1, but C. longilobata is easily separated from the new species by having the larger semicircular mid-posterior plate of sternum 9.

In addition, usually the females of other Caroperla species have a large subgenital plate with a row of long setae at posterior margin lacking an apical notch. In C. brevihamata , the large elliptical subgenital plate that extends beyond posterior margin of sternum 10 with a small triangular posteromedian notch, distinguishes the female of it from all known species of Caroperla .