Rhododendron Zollingeri J.J.Sm., Icon. Bogor.

4. Rhododendron Zollingeri J.J.Sm., Icon. Bogor. View in CoL 4: 73, t. 322 (1910). – Type: Indonesia,

Java, Besuki, Hijang [Jang] plateau, Argopuro , Zollinger 1684 (lectotype BO [158405]; isolectotypes BM [ BM000996775 ], FI, L (fragment), P) .

Rhododendron zollingeri J.J.Sm. var. latifolium J.J.Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg View in CoL , ser. III, 4: 240 (1922). – Type: Indonesia, Celebes, Enrekang, Mt Sinadji , Rachmat (Exp. van Vuuren) 883 (holotype BO).

Shrub or tree to 4 m. Twigs slender, rounded and covered with scales when young; internodes 1.5–3 cm. Leaves 4–7, clustered in tight pseudowhorls but sometimes with odd leaves in other parts, 25–50 × 6–16 mm, elliptic, sometimes obovate, apex acuminate or acute, sometimes obtuse, margin flat and entire, base tapering, scales on lower leaf surface deeply lobed, densely arranged. Petiole 3–10 × 1–2 mm, scaly. Flowers 3–8, open umbel, horizontal to half hanging. Pedicels 15–23 mm, scaly. Corolla View in CoL 14–15 × 9 mm,

tubular, red or orange, scaly outside. Stamens glabrous; anthers c.1 × 1 mm, obovate. Ovary 30–40 × 20–25 mm, brown-scaly; style 4 mm, glabrous. Fruit 10–15 × 5 mm, fusiform or subcylindrical; style persistent.

Distribution. Java and Lesser Sunda Islands (Bali and Lombok), Sulawesi and Philippines. In Bali, known from both Mount Agung and Mount Batukaru.

Habitat and ecology. Montane forest, 1360–3150 m a.s.l.

Proposed IUCN conservation category (Bali). Globally assessed as Least Concern (LC)

by Argent (2015). In Bali known from both Mount Batukaru and Mount Agung (area of occupancy c. 12 km 2). Rhododendron zollingeri is under natural threat from the active volcano Mount Agung, which exploded a few years ago. It is known from only two locations, which suggests that Rhododendron zollingeri in Bali has a small population size. Therefore, a provisional assessment of Vulnerable (VU) D2 is suggested (IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, 2022).

Notes. Misapplied names: Rhododendron tubiflorum auct.non (Blume) DC.: Moritzi, Syst. Verz. 42 (1846). Rhododendron album auct.non Blume: Zollinger, Syst. Verz. 2: 137 (1854).

Additional specimens examined. INDONESIA. Bali: S. shore and summit of Mt Agoeng [Mt Agung], 7

iv 1936, C. G. G. J. van Steenis 7921 ( BO, L) ; Mt Agoeng [Mt Agung], 2000–3150 m, 4 vii 1933, Voogd de 1941 ( BO, L) ; Mt Batoe karoe [Mt Batukaru], 1360 m, 11 x 1918, R. Maier & Sarip 397 ( BO, L) ; Mt Batukaru , North of Tabanan, 1900 m, Nengah Irawan 499 ( BO) .