Opoptera aorsa (Godart, [1824])

Opoptera aorsa (Godart, [1824]) View in CoL

Figs 4–9 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 View FIGURE 6 View FIGURE 7 View FIGURE 8 View FIGURE 9

Morpho aorsa Godart, [1824] , in Latreille & Godart. Enc. Méth. 9 (2), p. 437, 447; Brazil.— Stichel, 1932. Lep. Cat. 51, p. 52.

Pavonia aorsa ; Doubleday, [1845]. List Lep. Brit. Mus. 1: 118.—Westwood, 1851, in Doubleday, Gen. diurn. Lep. 2, p. 345, pl. 54, fig. 3 (d).

Opsiphanes (Opoptera) aorsa ; Aurivillius, 1882. Kongl. Svenska Akad. Handl. 19 (5): 75.

Opsiphanes aorsa ; Westwood, 1851, in Doubleday, Gen. diurn. Lep. 2, p. 345.— Herrich-Schäffer, 1865. Corr.-Blatt zool.- min. Ver. Regensburg 19 (5): 64.— Kirby, 1871. Cat. diurn. Lep., p. 126.— Kirby, 1877. Cat. diurn. Lep., Suppl., p. 716.— Kirby, 1879. Cat. Coll. diurn. Lep. Hewitson, p. 107.— Staudinger, 1887, in Staudinger & Schatz. Exot. Schmett. 1 (18), p. 212.— Mabilde, 1896, Guia Prat. Lep., p. 90, pl. 8, fig. 2 (male d).

Opoptera aorsa View in CoL ; Stichel, 1902. Berl. ent. Ztschr. 46 (4): 489.— Stichel, 1904, in Wytsman. Gen. Ins. 20, p. 23.— Stichel, 1909. Das Tierreich 25, p. 96.— Fruhstorfer 1911 –12, in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 5, p. 292, 330, pl. 63a (d, v).—Séguy, [1924]. Papillions, Paris, Tolmer View in CoL (ed.), pl. 15, fig. 4, ([male] v).— Casagrande, 1996. Revt. bras. zool. 12 (3): 683, fig. 20 (male gen.); morph.— Casagrande, 2004. Brassolini View in CoL , in Lamas (ed.) Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea, in Heppner (ed.). Atlas Neotrop. Lep. View in CoL 5A, p. 203.— Penz, 2007. Syst. Ent. 32 (4): 670, 675, fig. 2 (male d, v); phylog.— Penz, 2009a. Zootaxa , 1985 (1): 11; phylog.—Penz et al., 2013. Syst. Ent. 38 (2): 318; phylog.— Penz & Heine, 2016. Neotrop. Entomol. 45 (1): 51, fig. 1 (male d, v); morph., beh.— Penz et al., 2017. Zootaxa , 4258(3): 202.

Opoptera aorsa aorsa View in CoL ; Stichel, 1902. Berl. ent. Ztschr. 46 (4): 489; syn.: hilara View in CoL [sic].— Stichel, 1904, in Wytsman. Gen. Ins. 20, p. 23.— Fruhstorfer, 1907. Stett. ent. Ztg. 68 (1): 144.— Stichel, 1908. Berl. ent. Ztschr. 52 (3): 172; syn.: litura View in CoL .— Stichel, 1909. Das Tierreich 25, p. 98.— Fruhstorfer, 1911 –12, in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 5, p. 292.— Casagrande, 2004. Brassolini View in CoL , in Lamas (ed.) Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea, in Heppner (ed.). Atlas Neotrop. Lep. View in CoL 5A, p. 203; syn.: litura View in CoL .

Opoptera aorsa litura Fruhstorfer, 1907 View in CoL . Stett. ent. Ztg. 68 (1): 144; 1 male, 1 female, Espírito Santo [ Brazil], collection Fruhstorfer.— Stichel, 1908. Berl. ent. Ztschr. 52 (3): 172.— Stichel, 1909. Das Tierreich 25, p. 99.—J.F. Zikán, 1928. Ent. Rdsch. 45 (3): 10.

Opoptera aorsa View in CoL ab. litura View in CoL ; Fruhstorfer, 1911 –12, in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 5, p. 292.

Opsiphanes aorosa [sic]; J.F. Zikán & W. Zikán, 1968; Pesq. agropec. bras. 3: 50; host plant.

Taxonomic history. Morpho aorsa Godart, [1824] was described in the genus Morpho . Doubleday ([1845])transferred aorsa to Pavonia . Staudinger (1887) considered it as Opsiphanes aorsa . Aurivillius (1882) mentioned Opsiphanes (Opoptera) aorsa and cited as “fig. typica” the illustration of Pavonia aorsa in Westwood (1851). Stichel (1902) treated Opoptera aorsa hilara [sic] as a synonym of Opoptera aorsa aorsa . Fruhstorfer (1907) described Opoptera aorsa litura . Casagrande (2004) regarded Opoptera aorsa litura as a junior synonym of Opoptera aorsa aorsa .

Type material. Morpho aorsa Godart, [1824] was described based on an unknown number of individuals. In the collection of the MNHN a male with the following labels: / Coll. Dujardin MUSEUM DE PARIS/ SYNTYPE / TYPE/ was found. In order to stabilize the nomenclature of this taxon and allow for a correct identification, this specimen is hereby designated as the lectotype, and the following labels will be attached: / LECTOTYPUS / Lectotypus Morpho aorsa Godart, [1824] , Cajé, Casagrande, Piovesan, O. Mielke & Lamas det. 2025/ ( Fig. 8 View FIGURE 8 ).

Opoptera aorsa litura Fruhstorfer, 1907 was described based on a male and a female from Espírito Santo [ Brazil]. In the collection of the NHMUK a male was found a male with the following labels: / aorsa litura Fruhst. / Type/ Espirito-Santo Brasil. ex coll Fruhstorfer./ Fruhstorfer Coll. B.M. 1937-285./. In order to stabilize the nomenclature of this taxon and allow for a correct identification, this specimen is hereby designated as the lectotype, and the following labels will be attached: / LECTOTYPUS / Lectotypus Opoptera aorsa litura Fruhstorfer, 1907 , Cajé, Casagrande, Piovesan, O. Mielke & Lamas det. 2025/ ( Fig. 9 View FIGURE 9 ).

Diagnosis. HW with tail prolongation. DHW with long hairs distributed across areas adjacent to the scent-pocket. Differs from Opoptera hilaris by the continuous transversal band, in the discal cell on VFW ( Figs 4–5 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 ).

Male genitalia. Tegumen triangular in lateral view, dorsal surface slightly convex; anterior margin medially concave; anterior projection of saccus shorter than the arms; uncus pointed, convex lateral margin in the distal portion, laterally expanded; proximal portion of the gnathos wider than the distal portion, and with anteriorly directed projection, pointed distal portion; valva sickle-shaped, externally and internally with numerous setae, anterior portion wider than the posterior portion, pointed distal portion with serrated ventral margin; aedeagus with lateral projections; fultura inferior rectangular ( Fig. 6 View FIGURE 6 ).

Female genitalia. Lamella antevaginalis sclerotized, narrow, with folded median portion, anteriorly directed forming an arch; lamella postvaginalis sclerotized, wider than the lamella antevaginalis, median portion with transverse keel, posterior margin corrugated and slightly wider than anterior margin; intersegmental membrane rounded in the inner margin slightly emarginated and without sclerotized plate in the median portion; ductus bursae with ribs in the distal portion; corpus bursae oval-shaped, with ribs in the basal portion ( Fig. 7 View FIGURE 7 ).

Variation. Forewing length, male (n=5): 33–40 mm, female (n=5): 38–42 mm. Hindwing length, male (n=5): 40–47 mm, female (n = 5): 45–50 mm. FW subapical region slightly or strongly projected. DFW distal arm of the orange band may or may not reach the spot between M 1 –M 2. VFW with continuous transverse band, may be emarginated inside the discal cell, distal portion of the discal cell with spots reduced or absent (element d); the size and shape of the spots adjacent to the “ b ”, “ c ” elements, in the proximal portion of the discal cell; the size and shape of the adjacent band to the “ f ” element; the size and shape of the eyespot between M 1 –M 2. VHW the size and shape of the spots in the basal region (elements c, d); the size and shape of the eyespots; the size and shape of the spots between M 1 –M 3.

Comments. Females have blue iridescence on the dorsal surface of the FW and HW.

Geographic distribution. Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo , Rio de Janeiro , São Paulo , Paraná, Santa Catarina , Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay ( Alto Paraná ); Argentina (Misiones) ( Fig. 60 View FIGURE 60 ). Elevation between 700 and 1,250 m.

Temporal distribution. Based on the material examined, fly from January–May and September–December.

Specimens examined. Photos of the lectotype of Morpho aorsa Godart, [1824] ; lectotypus of Opoptera aorsa litura Fruhstorfer, 1907 , and the following specimens: BRAZIL: Minas Gerais —Pedra Azul, 1952, 1 fêmea, A. Loss leg., DZ 57.760 (DZUP); Poços de Caldas, 1250 m, 15-III-1964, 1 male, Ebert leg., ex-coll. H. Ebert, DZ 57.761 (DZUP), 1250 m, 11-XII-1966, 2 males, ex-coll. H. Ebert, DZ 57.762, 57.764 (DZUP); Senador José Bento, 950 m, 14-III-1976, 1 male, H. Ebert leg., DZ 57.810 (DZUP); Carmo do Rio Claro, 1958 , 1 female, Irm. S. Gabriel leg., OM 2280 (DZUP—OM); Conceição dos Ouros, 900 m, 3-XII-1968, 1 male, Almeida leg., DZ 57.763 (DZUP), 1 male, Pereira leg., OM 92.428 (DZUP—OM), 10-III-2021, 1 male, Pereira leg., OM 92.468 (DZUP—OM), 11-III-2021, 1 male, Pereira leg., OM 92.478 (DZUP—OM). Espírito Santo — Santa Teresa , 11-II-1990, 1 male, Tangerini leg., DZ 57.808 (DZUP), 20-IV-1969, 1 male, Brown leg., DZ 57.767 (DZUP); Santa Leopodina (Colônia Tirol), 600 m, 22–24-I-2003, 1 male, Mielke & Casagrande leg., OM 58.812 (DZUP—OM); Serra (Campinho) , X-1944, 1 female, Pinto leg., ex-coll. Padre Pinto, DZ 57.768 (DZUP). Rio de Janeiro — Nova Friburgo , II-2007, 1 male, E. Grossi leg., DZ 57.771 (DZUP); Petrópolis ( Independência ), 24-II-1928, 1 female, ex-coll. Gagarin, DZ 2473 (DZUP); Itatiaia (Estação Biológica [= Parque Nacional do Itatiaia]), 800 m, 17-II-1930, 1 male, DZ 57.769 (DZUP), (Parque Nacional do Itatiaia), 1100 m, 22-III-1967, 2 males, Ebert leg., ex-coll. H. Ebert, DZ 3957, 57.770 (DZUP), 750 m, 5-III-1969, 1 male, Ebert leg., ex-coll. H. Ebert, DZ 57.772 (DZUP), 1000 m, 3-XI-1962, 1 male, Ebert leg., ex-coll. H. Ebert, DZ 57.773 (DZUP). São Paulo — São Bernardo , 1 male, E. May leg., DZ 57.774 (DZUP). Paraná —Londrina, XI-1982, 1 female, Marcelo B. da Cunha leg., DZ 57.800 (DZUP), 26-IX-1980, 1 male, José M. Silveira leg., DZ 3963 (DZUP), 1 female, S. Takemura leg., ex-coll. D’Almeida, DZ 57.775 (DZUP), (“ Kambi ” [ilegível]), 12-IV-1985, 1 female, Sandra leg., DZ 57.776 (DZUP), ( Lago Igapó ), 18-V-1981, 1 female Yamamoto leg., DZ 3956 (DZUP); Três Barras do Paraná (Parque Estadual Rio Guarani ), 9-XI-2012, 1 male, LabLep leg., DZ 57.809 (DZUP); Guarapuava ( Rio Piquiri , Rio do Cobre), 2-III-1981, 3 males, Schneider leg., DZ 57.777, 57.797, 57.798 (DZUP); Ponta Grossa ( Tabatinga ), 700 m, 28-II-1996, 1 male, C. Mielke leg., OM 40.009 (DZUP—OM), (Taquaral), II-1940, 1 female, ex-coll. F. Justus Jr., DZ 2413 (DZUP); Chopinzinho, 15- XI-1969, 1 male, Furtado leg., DZ 57.799 (DZUP). Santa Catarina — I-1960, 1 male, ex-coll. Richard Frey, DZ 2403 (DZUP). Rio Grande do Sul —Tenente Portela (Parque Florestal Estadual do Turvo), 10-XI-1985, 2 females, 1 male, Mielke, Araújo & Casagrande leg., DZ 57.803, 57. 804, 3960 (DZUP); Santa Rosa , 4-II-1946, 1 male, Biezanko leg., DZ 57.805 (DZUP), 24-XII-1953, 1 male, Biezanko leg., DZ 57.806 (DZUP); Novo Hamburgo ( Guarani ), 4-II-1945, 1 male, Biezanko leg., DZ 57.807 (DZUP). PARAGUAY: [illegible], IV-1982, 1 male, Vilson leg., DZ 57.801 (DZUP). Alto Paraná —Itaquiri [= Itakyry] (General Díaz), 400 m, 15–20-I-1980, 2 males, O.-C. Mielke & Miers leg., DZ 57.802, 3962 (DZUP). ARGENTINA: Misiones —Puerto Iguazú, 16-X-1982, 1 female, A. Cardoso leg., ex-coll. A. Cardoso, DZ 57.796 (DZUP); Eldorado, 6-IX-1992, 1 male, Foerster leg., OM 39.344 (DZUP—OM), 14-X-1992, 1 male, Foerster leg., OM 39.284 (DZUP—OM); Dos de Mayo, 10-XII-1979, 1 male, Foerster leg., OM 39.296 (DZUP—OM).