Opoptera arsippe ( Hopffer, 1874 )

Opoptera arsippe ( Hopffer, 1874) View in CoL

Figs 10–14 View FIGURE 10 View FIGURE 11 View FIGURE 12 View FIGURE 13 View FIGURE 14

Opsiphanes arsippe Hopffer, 1874 View in CoL . Ent. Zeit. Stettin, 35 (10/12): 358; 1 female [holotype], Chanchamayo, [Junín], Peru, Thamm [leg.].— Kirby, 1877. Syn. Cat. diurn. Lep., Suppl., p. 716.— Kirby, 1879. Cat. Coll. diurn. Lep. Hewitson, p. 107.— Staudinger, 1887, in Staudinger & Schatz. Exot. Schmett. 1 (18), p. 212, pl. 71. (male d, v).— Stichel, 1932. Lep. Cat. 51, p. 52.

Opsiphanes (Opoptera) arsippe View in CoL ; Aurivillius, 1882. Kongl. Svenska Akad. Handl. 19 (5): 75.— Stichel, 1932. Lep. Cat. 51, p. 52.

Opoptera arsippe bracteolata Stichel, 1901 View in CoL . Insekten-Börse 18 (52): 413; syn.: Opsiphanes adippe Staudinger in litt.; no data.— Stichel, 1902. Berl. ent. Ztschr. 46 (4): 490; syn.: Opsiphanes adippe Staudinger in litt.;— Casagrande, 2004. Brassolini View in CoL , in Lamas (ed.) Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea, in Heppner (ed.). Atlas Neotrop. Lep. View in CoL 5A, p. 203.

Opsiphanes adippe Stichel, 1901 (Staudinger in litt.) Insekten-Börse 18 (52): 413; nom. nud. (ICZN, Art. 11.6—as synonym of Opoptera arsippe bracteolata Stichel, 1901 View in CoL ).

Opoptera arsippe View in CoL ; Stichel, 1902. Berl. ent. Ztschr. 46 (4): 490.— Stichel, 1909. Das Tierreich 25, p. 100.— Stichel, 1932. Lep. Cat. 51, p. 52.— Penz, 2007. Syst. Ent. 32 (4): 675; phylog.— Penz, 2009a. Zootaxa 1985 (1): 13; phylog.—Penz et al., 2013. Syst. Ent. 38 (2): 318; phylog.— Penz & Heine, 2016. Neotrop. Entomol. 45 (1): 51, fig. 1 (male d, v); morph., beh.

Opoptera arsippe arsippe View in CoL ; Stichel, 1902. Berl. ent. Ztschr. 46 (4): 490; syn.: adippe .— Stichel 1904, in Wytsman. Gen. Ins. 20, p. 23.— Stichel, 1909. Das Tierreich 25, p. 101.— Fruhstorfer, 1911 –12, in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 5, p. 292.— Strand, 1918. Soc. Ent. 33 (5): 19.— Stichel, 1932. Lep. Cat. 51, p. 52.— Casagrande, 2004. Brassolini View in CoL , in Lamas (ed.) Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea, in Heppner (ed.). Atlas Neotrop. Lep. View in CoL 5A, p. 203.

Taxonomic history. Opoptera arsippe ( Hopffer, 1874) View in CoL was described in the genus Opsiphanes View in CoL . Aurivillius (1882) considered it as Opsiphanes (Opoptera) arsippe View in CoL , and Stichel (1902) later transferred arsippe View in CoL to Opoptera View in CoL . Casagrande (2004) considered Opoptera arsippe arsippe View in CoL and Opoptera arsippe bracteolata View in CoL as valid subspecies.

Type material. Opsiphanes arsippe Hopffer, 1874 was described based on a female [holotype] from Chanchamayo, [Junín], Peru, Thamm [leg.]. Type material was not found in the collections around the world even after exhaustive searches carried out by researchers dedicated to the taxonomy of Nymphalidae , such as M. M. Casagrande, O. H. H. Mielke, and G. Lamas. In order to stabilize the nomenclature of this taxon and allow for a correct identification, a male specimen with morphological characters as mentioned by Hopffer (1874), deposited in MfN, and with the following labes: / / arsippe ?/ [ilegível] hällt Haare für ♀♀ da die Tasche unten fehlt [= holds hairs for the females because the scent-pocket is absent underneath]/ Coll. Prittwitz/ abgebildet/ Chanchamayo/, is hereby designated as the neotype of Opsiphanes arsippe Hopffer, 1874 , and the following labes will be attached: / NEOTYPUS / Neotypus Opsiphanes arsippe Hopffer, 1874 , Cajé, Casagrande, Piovesan, O. Mielke & Lamas det. 2025/ ( Fig. 14 View FIGURE 14 ).

Diagnosis. DFW displaying a band with proximal arm continuous, not forming independent spots, orange in males and yellowish in females. HW with tail prolongation. DHW in males with long hairs distributed throughout the discal cell, fully covering the scent-organ, which exists as a concavity in the basal portion between CuA 1 –CuA 2; females with marginal band yellowish and proximal portion conspicuous. Differs from Opoptera bracteolata by the conspicuous proximal portion of the marginal band of the DHW in the females ( Figs 10–11 View FIGURE 10 View FIGURE 11 ).

Male genitalia. Tegumen triangular in lateral view, anterior margin medially concave, dorsal surface convex; anterior projection of saccus shorter than the arms; uncus pointed, exceedings the length of the valva, lateral margin convex in the distal portion; gnathos serrated in the ventral margin, with rectangular proximal portion, basal portion with right angle, distal portion elongated and rounded, ventral and distal margins serrated, with inner expansion of irregular margin; valva short, not exceeding the uncus, externally and internally with numerous setae, anterior portion wider than the posterior portion, distal portion twisted, with sclerotized keel anteriorly prominent; aedeagus without lateral projections; fultura inferior triangular ( Fig. 12 View FIGURE 12 ).

Female genitalia. Lamella antevaginalis sclerotized, narrow in the median portion and wider laterally, corrugated, emarginated forming a small arch, anterior margin with spine-like projections, and sclerotized plate convex anteriorly, with an irregular margin; lamella postvaginalis sclerotized, wider than the lamella antevaginalis, corrugated, emarginated and with a median protuberance; ostium corrugated; ductus bursae with basal portion sclerotized ( Fig. 13 View FIGURE 13 ).

Variation. Forewing length, male (n = 5): 38–45 mm; female (n = 1): 45 mm. Hindwing length, male (n = 5): 48–55 mm; female (n = 1): 54 mm. DFW width of the band in the discal region. VFW the size and shape of the “ b ” element; in males the band adjacent to the “ f ” element extends from the costal margin to M 2, in the female it is continuous; “ c ” element may be interrupted or continuous; the size of the eyespot between M 1 –M 2; the size and shape of the spots adjacent to the “ d ”, “ e ” elements; proximal band to the “ i ” element continuous or faded. HW length and width of the tail. VHW the size and shape of the spots between M 1 –M 3.

Geographic distribution. Peru (San Martín, Amazonas, Huánuco, Huancavelica, Junín, Cuzco) ( Fig. 60 View FIGURE 60 ). Elevation between 700 and 3,000 m .

Temporal distribution. Based on the material examined, fly throughout the year.

Specimens examined. Photos of the neotype of Opsiphanes arsippe Hopffer, 1874 , and the following specimens: PERU: [“Peru”], no data, 1 male, (MUSM); Amazonas —Yambrasbamba ( Río Génesis ), ca. 05°32’S, 77°48–49’W, 1400-1500 m, XII-2009, 1 male, J. C. [Pintado] leg., (MUSM); ( Alto Nieva ), 05°39’S, 77°47’W, 1900-2000 m, V-2012, 1 male, 1900 m, XI-2012, 2 males, XII-2012, 2 males, J. Pintado leg., (MUSM); (Oso Perdido [= Puente Oso Perdido ]), 5º43’ S, 77º50’ W, 2200 m, 9-X-2015, 1 male, J. Bustamante leg., OM 78.510 (DZUP—OM), 05°43’S, 77°50’W, 2125 m, XII-2013, 1 male, II-2014, 1 male, III-2014, 1 male, IV-2014, 1 male, 2125–2215 m, III-IV-2015, 1 male, J. Pintado leg., (MUSM); Mendoza ( Quebrada Yanahuayco ), 06°24’S, 77°26’W, 1600-1900 m, VIII-1998, 1 male, B. Calderón leg., (MUSM). San Martín —Rioja, [06°04’S, 77°10’W], [“ 800-900m ”], 1934, 3 males, MHN 1595 (MUSM); (El Afluente), 5º39’48’’ S, 77º41’41’’ W, 1320 m, VIII-2016, 1 male, J. Pintado leg., OM 81.411 (DZUP—OM); ( Jorge Chávez ), 5º40’22’’ S, 77º43’04’’ W, 1450 m, VIII-2016, 1 male, J. Pintado leg., OM 81.463 (DZUP—OM); (Naranjos), 5º44’15’’ S, 77º30’31’’ W, 1000 m, VIII-2016, 1 male, J. Pintado leg., OM 81.780 (DZUP—OM); ( Santa Cruz ), 6º37’41’’ S, 77º13’50’’ W, 1200 m, IX-2016, 2 male, J. Pintado leg., OM 80.967, 80.887 (DZUP—OM). Huánuco —Tingo María, 30-VIII-1974, 1 male, Rojas leg., DZ 57.786 (DZUP), VI-1975, 1 male, Gadoc leg., DZ 3949 (DZUP), 700 m, XII-1981, 1 male, Schunke leg., DZ 57.780 (DZUP), 700 m, XI-1981, 1 male, Schunke leg., DZ 57.781 (DZUP), 1800 m, XII-1981, 1 male, Schunke leg., DZ 57.782 (DZUP), 1 male, OM 58.375 (DZUP—OM), VIII-1976, 2 males, OM 12.495, 12.494 (DZUP—OM); “Tingo María”, 2001, 8 males, [no further data] (MUSM), [09°18’S, 76°00’W], “ 670 m ”, IV-1976, 1 male, A. Cánepa leg., (MUSM), V-2000, 1 female, S. Pinedo leg., (MUSM); Chinchao, [09°39’S, 76°04’W], 1900 m, V-1978, 2 males, M. Rojas leg., (MUSM), 1500 m, XII-1981, 3 males, Schunke leg., DZ 57.783, 57.784, 57.785. ( Carpish [= Área de Conservación Regional Bosque Montano de Carpish ]), 2850 m, 26-III-1988, 2 males, M. Büche leg., OM 35.410, 35.452 (DZUP—OM). Huancavelica —Pampas, 1 male, ex-coll. Julius Arp, DZ 57.787 (DZUP), 3000 m, 1 female, ex-coll. Julius Arp, DZ 57.788 (DZUP). Junín —Chanchamayo, 1 male, ex-coll. Julius Arp, DZ 57.789 (DZUP); Satipo ( Calabaza ), 2000 m, VII-1976, 1 male, Galic leg., OM 71.090 (DZUP—OM); ( Quebrada Agua Melliza ), 11°07’S, 75°25’W, 1450 m, 25-I-2005, 1 male, G. Lamas leg., (MUSM); (7km “ E ” [= S], Mina Pichita, H [acien] da Naranjal), [11°07’S, 77[75]°25’W], 1550-1650 m, 18-XI-1984, 1 male, G. Lamas & J.E. Pérez leg., (MUSM), (1km S Mina Pichita ), 11°05’S, 75°25’W, 2100 m, 12-XI-2003, 1 male, C. Peña leg., DNA sample 04-40 (Carlos Peña) (MUSM). Cuzco — Pichari, (C [entro] P [oblado] Catarata ), 12°31’56.08”S, 73°45’47.24”W, 1227 m, 28-IX-2018, 1 male, R. Alarcón leg., (MUSM); (Llactahuamán), 12°52’S, 73°31’W, 1735 m, 28-VII-1998, 1 male, G. Valencia leg., (MUSM); Cosñipata , 1500 m, II-1991, 1 male, OM 71.153 (DZUP—OM), (0-7km E Buenos Aires, Río Cosñipata ), [13°09’S, 71°35’W], 2000-2300 m, 4-XII-1979, 1 male, 6-XII-1979, 1 male, G. Lamas leg., (MUSM); Aguas Calientes, Machu Picchu , [13°09’S, 72°31’W], 2100 m, IX-1975, 1 male, E. Bauer leg., (MUSM).