Salvina undata ( Linnavuori, 1956 )

Salvina undata ( Linnavuori, 1956) comb. nov.

( Figs 1–3 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 )

Diagnosis. Mesonotum ( Fig. 2A View FIGURE 2 ) with a black narrow band, adjacent to lateral margin, extending from posterior margin of pronotum to scutellar suture; scutellum with a pair of paramedial oval black maculae. Pronotum ( Fig. 2A View FIGURE 2 ) with posterior margin roundly excavated. Forewing ( Fig. 2D View FIGURE 2 , see arrow) with M vein partially fused to crossvein m-cu3. Male pygofer ( Fig. 2E, F View FIGURE 2 ), subrectangular; without dorsal processes; ventral margin with a small dentiform apical process; posterior margin truncated. Subgenital plates, in ventral view ( Fig. 2G View FIGURE 2 ) subtriangular, wider at base and narrowing toward apex; lateral margins with elongated microsetae. Aedeagus, in lateral view ( Fig. 2E, K, L View FIGURE 2 ), with shaft tubular, curved anterad, slightly tapering towards the apex. Female sternite VII ( Fig. 3A, C View FIGURE 3 ) subpentagonal, lateral margins with small acute projection in the median third; posterior margin rounded, slightly excavated medially.

Measurements. Males: total 5.9–6.3 (n = 21); females, 7.0– 7.5 mm (n = 25).

Coloration. Yellow to orange ( Fig. 1D–G View FIGURE 1 ). Crown and pronotum ( Fig. 2A View FIGURE 2 ) without maculae. Mesonotum ( Fig. 2A View FIGURE 2 ) with a black narrow band, adjacent to lateral margin, extending from posterior margin of pronotum to scutellar suture; scutellum with a pair of paramedial oval black macules. Forewing ( Figs 1D, F View FIGURE 1 , 2D View FIGURE 2 ) yellow with apical portion fuscous; a black or dark-brown band, partially outlining areas in red or orange, extending adjacently along almost the entire margin of clavus, directed towards the brachial cell after the anal veins, forming a large X-shaped macula when the wings in rest; central and inner anteapical cells and second and third apical cells often with a one dark macula. Legs ( Fig. 2E, G View FIGURE 2 ) yellow. Abdomen ( Fig. 3A, B View FIGURE 3 ) yellow except dorsal portion orange medially.

Description. Head, in dorsal view ( Fig. 2A View FIGURE 2 ), moderately produced anteriorly, median length of crown approximately three-quarters of interocular width; transocular width about six-sevenths of humeral width of pronotum; crown subrectangular; coronal maculae distinct. Head, in frontal view ( Fig. 2B View FIGURE 2 ), with face slightly wider than high; frons approximately 1.4 times longer than wide; maxillary plate produced ventrally, not surpassing the clypeus apex; clypeus approximately 1.7 times longer than maximum width, lateral margins parallel, apex rounded. Head, in lateral view ( Fig. 2C View FIGURE 2 ), with crown-face transition approximately rounded; frons convex. Forewing ( Fig. 2D View FIGURE 2 ) semi-hyaline, approximately 3.5 times longer than maximum width; M vein partially fused to crossvein m-cu3; second and third apical cells approximately rectangular, slightly expanded apically, fourth apical cell rhomboid; alar appendix narrow; apex rounded. Profemur with AD, AM, and PD rows reduced and poorly defined, with exception of apical setae AD 1, AM 1, and PD 1, respectively; AV and PV rows absent; IC row formed by slightly arched comb of fine setae, beginning at midlength and extending to apex. Protibia, in cross-section, semi-circular; AV row formed by approximately 15–16 setae, the 5–6 at basal third nearly half the length of the 10 distal ones, which are slightly longer and thicker towards apex; AD and PD formed by a single apical seta (AD 1 and PD 1); PV row with a single subapical seta. Metafemur with setal formula 2:2:1, with inner seta of second pair reduced in size. Metatibial AD row with 2–5 small intercalary setae between macrosetae; PD, AD, and PV rows with 15–16, 9–11, and 38–42 macrosetae, respectively; AV row with approximately 7–9 macrosetae distributed only in the middle third of tibia. Metatarsomere I longer than combined length of two distal tarsomeres; plantar surface with two rows of setae, external row with longer and robust setae than inner row; pecten with 4–5 platellae. Metatarsomere II pecten with 3 platellae.

Male terminalia. Pygofer, in lateral view ( Fig. 2E, F View FIGURE 2 ), subrectangular, length approximately twice the height; dorsal and ventral margins approximately straight; ventral margin with a small dentiform apical process; posterior margin truncated; apex rounded. Anal tube ( Fig. 2E View FIGURE 2 ) cylindrical; tergite X four times longer than wide. Subgenital plates, in lateral view ( Fig. 2E, H View FIGURE 2 ) slightly surpassing the pygofer apex, narrow at base and apex, widened on median third; apex rounded; in ventral view ( Fig. 2G View FIGURE 2 ) subtriangular, wider at base and narrowing toward apex; lateral margins with elongated microsetae; apex of each plate rounded. Connective ( Fig. 2I View FIGURE 2 ) slightly shorter than style. Style ( Fig. 2E, I, J View FIGURE 2 ) with some elongated setae on apical third of ventral margin; apex slightly curved ventrally. Aedeagus, in lateral view ( Fig. 2E, K, L View FIGURE 2 ), with shaft tubular, curved anterad, slightly tapering towards the apex, apex subacute; gonopore apical.

Female terminalia. Sternite VII ( Fig. 3A, C View FIGURE 3 ) subpentagonal, 1.1 times wider than long; lateral margins straight and parallel, convergent in the apical third, with small acute projection in the median third; posterior margin rounded, slightly excavated medially. ʻInternalʼ sternite VIII membranous. Pygofer ( Fig. 3B, D View FIGURE 3 ) elongate, 1.7 times as long as maximum height; dorsal margin straight; ventral margin broadly rounded; macrosetae distributed near apex and ventral margin; apex truncated. Ovipositor ( Fig. 3B View FIGURE 3 ) slightly surpassing apex of pygofer, curved dorsally. First valvifer ( Fig. 3E View FIGURE 3 ) subtriangular, higher than long; anterior and dorsal margins straight, posterior margin oblique; angles rounded. First valvula of ovipositor ( Fig. 3E, F View FIGURE 3 ) elongated, height approximately constant throughout the length; dorsal sculptured area submarginal, present throughout apical half, expanded to the ventral region only in the apical portion, sculptured area striated; apex acute. Second valvifer ( Fig. 3I View FIGURE 3 ) higher than long. Second valvula of ovipositor ( Fig. 3G, H View FIGURE 3 ) elongated, fused to each on median portion; dorsal margin translucent, without ducts from base to near start point of teeth; apical portion slightly expanded, dorsal margin with several irregular small teeth and with one slightly larger rounded tooth, ducts ramified, root-shaped, ventral margin with few small teeth near apex. Gonoplac ( Fig. 3I, J View FIGURE 3 ) expanded on apical half; external surface along ventral margin and apex with dentiform cuticular projections and few short and robust setae; apex rounded.

Material examined. Paraná: 1♂, 1♀, “ Brasil, Paraná, S. [ São ] J. [José] dos\ Pinhais, 25°36’18”S \ 49°11’37”W 880m \ 05.VIII.2012 Sweep\ A.C. Domahovski leg.”, DZUP GoogleMaps ; 1♂, 1♀, idem, except 21.xi.2013, DZUP GoogleMaps ; 1♂, idem, except 04.iv.2015, DZUP GoogleMaps ; 1♂, idem, except 30.v.2015, DZUP GoogleMaps ; 3♂, 2♀, idem, except 19.III.2016, DZUP GoogleMaps ; 2♂, 1♀, idem, except 23.III.2016, DZUP GoogleMaps ; 2♀, idem, except 30.III.2016, DZUP GoogleMaps ; 1♀, idem, except 13.VIII.2016, DZUP GoogleMaps ; 1♂, 4♀, idem, except 14.IX.2016, DZUP GoogleMaps ; 2♀, idem, except 18.XI.2016, DZUP GoogleMaps ; 2♂, 2♀, idem, except 17–31.XII.2016, DZUP GoogleMaps ; 1♀, idem, except 08–22.IV.2017, DZUP GoogleMaps ; 1♀, idem, except 17. V.2017, DZUP GoogleMaps ; 1♂, idem, except 10– 13.X.2018, DZUP GoogleMaps ; 4♂, 3♀, idem, except 05–15.XII.2018, DZUP GoogleMaps ; 1♀, idem, except 11–28.IX.2019, DZUP GoogleMaps ; 3♀, idem, except 14–31.XII.2019, DZUP GoogleMaps ; 1♂, idem, except 01–30.IX.2019 malaise, DZUP GoogleMaps ; 1♂, idem, except 01– 31.X.2021 malaise, DZUP GoogleMaps ; 1♂ “ Brasil, PR, S.J. dos Pinhais \ Rep. Guaricana , Malaise susp.\ 25.7305ºS 48.9535ºW, 495m \ 20.II–7.III.2018, Muniz, Melo,\ Cavichioli & Domahovski” DZUP GoogleMaps ; Santa Catarina: 1♂ “ Brasil, Santa Catarina, \ Chapecó , Monte Belo \ 01–30.x.2013 \ (malaise) M. Savaris & \ S. Lampert ”, DZUP .

Remarks. Salvina undata comb. nov. is easily recognizable from the other species of the genus due to the absence of maculae on the crown and pronotum ( Fig. 1D, F View FIGURE 1 ). While, S. distinctissima comb. nov. has a red median apical macula on the crown and a red macula on the pronotum, behind each eye ( Fig. 1A View FIGURE 1 ) and S. dorsisignata has three dark brown maculae in the pronotum, one median and one on each side ( Fig. 1B View FIGURE 1 ). Salvina undata comb. nov. is frequently found feeding on trees of Cinnamomum amoenum (Nees & Mart.) Kosterm ( Lauraceae ) in the locality where the specimens from Paraná, São José dos Pinhais (25°36’18”S, 49°11’37”W) were collected ( Domahovski 2021: fig. 46). Nymphs in different growth stages are also found with some frequency. The adults are found throughout the year, but always with low abundance.