Perilampus falcatus Yoo and Darling, 2025

Perilampus falcatus Yoo and Darling sp. nov.

Figs 11 View FIGURE 11 [♀], 12[♂]

Type Material. Holotype [♀]. Costa Rica : Guanacaste. Rio Naranjo. " COSTA RICA, Guan. 3kmSE R. Naranjo 22–24 Jul 1992 F. D. Parker ". The holotype is glued on pin (♀: ROME162266 View Materials - EMUS; BOLD:COI/ITS2). ROM Online Collection.

Paratypes [3 ♀, 1 ♂]. Colombia: Valle del Cauca. Lago Calima (1 ♂: RC Wilkerson, ROME162303 View Materials - FSCA) . Ecuador: Napo. Huahua Sumaco, km 44 on Hollin-Loreto Road (1 ♀: MJ Wasbauer, ROME174209 View Materials - UCDC; ITS2 ) . Guatemala: Chimaltenango. Yepocapa (1 ♀: HT Dalmat, ROME162506 View Materials - USNM) . Mexico: Chiapas. 1km NW San Cristóbal (1 ♀: DM Wood, ROME152658 View Materials - CNC) .

Description. FEMALE ( Fig. 11 View FIGURE 11 ). Length: 3.3–4.5 mm. Color: head iridescent greenish blue or violet, with or without black coloration on vertex ( Fig. 11F View FIGURE 11 ); mesosoma and metasoma iridescent greenish blue or violet; clypeus ventral margin black; antenna with scape and pedicel weakly iridescent greenish blue or violet, flagellum dark brown or black, lighter ventrad and distad ( Fig. 11A View FIGURE 11 ).

Head ( Fig. 11E–I View FIGURE 11 ): in dorsal view weakly transverse, width less than twice length, HW/HL about 1.9. Frontal carina: in anterior view weakly to strongly sinuate below midlevel of eye; in dorsal view gradually narrowed V shape around median ocellus, FC/MOD 1.4–1.5 ( Fig. 11E View FIGURE 11 ); distance from lateral ocellus short, FCLO/LOD about 0.6 ( Fig. 11E View FIGURE 11 ). Scrobal cavity ( Fig. 11G View FIGURE 11 ): in anterior view narrow, SW/HW about 0.4. Ocelli ( Fig. 11E View FIGURE 11 ): a line between anterior margin of lateral ocelli reaching anterior margin of median ocellus. POL/OOL 1.8–2.1. Ocellar ratios LOD: POL: OOL: LOL: 1, 2.7–2.9, 1.4–1.6, about 0.9. Vertex: smooth to wrinkled or with weak transverse striations, with or without large piliferous punctures. Parascrobal area: in lateral view abruptly narrowed near lower eye margin, 0.2–0.3 EH above lower eye margin ( Fig. 11I View FIGURE 11 ); width wide, PSW/EL about 0.4; sculpture smooth or wrinkled, with or without large piliferous punctures. Gena: with wide and long smooth area along outer eye margin, striate behind. Malar space: MSL/EH about 0.2. Lower face: with setae sparse laterad torulus, and sparse or dense below. Clypeus ( Fig. 11H View FIGURE 11 ): CW/ CH about 1.4; ventral margin concave; with wide bare area without setae near dorsal margin, often extending ventrad along lateral margin.

Mesosoma ( Fig. 11B–D View FIGURE 11 ): Lateral panel of pronotum: about as wide as prepectus, LPP/PPT 0.8–0.9; without flange or with small, rounded flange below level of mesothoracic spiracle in posterior oblique view ( Fig. 11C View FIGURE 11 ). Mesofemoral depression: smooth. Mesoscutum: punctures angulate, with narrow and weakly coriarious interspaces ( Fig. 11B View FIGURE 11 ); lateral lobe smooth or weakly punctate along notaulus; parascutal carina broadly curved, acuminate. Mesoscutellum: apex with inner margins gradually diverging; punctures angulate, with narrow and weakly coriarious interspaces. Axilla ( Fig. 11D View FIGURE 11 ): in lateral view imbricate dorsad, and carinate ventrad. Axillula: smooth dorsad. Fore wing: stigma small, 2.0–2.5× as wide as postmarginal vein width.

MALE ( Fig. 12 View FIGURE 12 ). Length: 3.5 mm. As in female, except: Color: vertex black, and mesonotum nearly black. Frontal carina ( Fig. 12B View FIGURE 12 ): distance from lateral ocellus shorter, FCLO/LOD about 0.4. Scape ( Fig. 12G View FIGURE 12 ): pits sparse mesad and ventrad, and dense dorsad and laterad, covering about 0.2× scape length. Lateral panel of pronotum: slightly wider than prepectus, LPN/PPT about 1.1.

Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin word falx (‘sickle’), a reference to the sickle-like curvature of the paracrobal area.

Diagnosis. Perilampus falcatus can be recognized by a parascrobal area that is abruptly narrowed near the lower eye margin ( Figs 11I View FIGURE 11 , 12E View FIGURE 12 ), a wide frontal carina around the median ocellus ( Figs 11E View FIGURE 11 , 12B View FIGURE 12 ), and a short distance between the frontal carina and the lateral ocellus (about 0.6 LOD for females; 0.4 LOD for males).

Distribution. Neotropical: Colombia (Valle del Cauca), Costa Rica (ACG), Ecuador (Napo), Guatemala (Yepocapa), and Mexico (Chiapas).

Host association. Unknown.

Remarks. Perilampus falcatus is unique within the P. falcatus clade in having a wide frontal carina around the median ocellus and a narrow distance between the frontal carina and the lateral ocellus ( Fig. 11E View FIGURE 11 cf. Figs 13E View FIGURE 13 , 15E View FIGURE 15 ).