Lophiaris silverarum, Carnevali & Cetzal, 2014

Key to Lophiaris silverarum View in CoL and morphologically similar species

1. Flowers 25–30 mm diameter; perianth segments straw-yellow with red or brown small spots (0.7–1 mm diameter) that are always non-confluent and heterogeneously dispersed over the whole surface; dorsal sepal 12–14 × 8–11 mm; isthmus of the labellum 5 mm width; plants from western Panama.................................................................................... L. silverarum

– Flowers 16–23 mm wide (usually under 20 mm) diameter; perianth parts white or greenish (more rarely straw-yellow or pale rose) with red-brown, wine-colored or magenta spots, these larger (> 1.5 mm) and confluent or not, often so dense as to cover most of the surface of the perianth segments; isthmus of the labellum 2–4 mm width; plants from southern Mexico to northern South America .................................................................................................................................................... 2

2. Callus low, not prominent, composed of clearly defined proximal and distal sections, proximal teeth of the callus conical with a smooth surface to the apex; central keel of the callus with one tooth; plants from northeastern Mexico to southwestern Honduras and Nicaragua.................................................................................................................. L. oerstedii

– Callus prominent, high, not composed of clearly defined proximal and distal sections but instead divided by a longitudinal ridge into right and left sections; central keel of the callus with 1-6-or more teeth; plants from northeastern Honduras to Venezuela............................................................................................................................................................................... 3

3. Central keel of the callus with 6 -or more conical, irregular teeth, dividing both distal and proximal sections of the callus in left and right parts; plants from Colombia and Venezuela on the eastern side of the Andes or in extreme northern Colombia...................................................................................................................................................................... L. carthagenensis

– Central keel of the callus with only 1–2 globose teeth, dividing only the distal section of the callus into left and right portions; plants from northeastern Honduras to Panama................................................................................... L. crispiflora