Cyamophila burckhardti, Inoue, 2025

Cyamophila burckhardti sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:

(Japanese name: Usuiro-mutsuboshi-kijirami)

( Figs 11–19 View FIGURES 11–16 View FIGURES 17–19 , 27, 30 View FIGURES 26–31 , 33 View FIGURES 32–34 , 37–38 View FIGURES 35–40 , 43–44 View FIGURES 41–46 )

Cyamophila hexastigma sensu Inoue & Yamauchi (2001: 55) View in CoL , nec Horváth (1899: 373).

Cyamophila sp. : Hayashi et al. (2011: 218); Hayashi & Miyatake (2012: 28); Nozawa (2022: 90).

Description. Adult. Colouration. General colour ( Figs 37 View FIGURES 35–40 , 43 View FIGURES 41–46 ) light yellowish green with obscure light yellowish brown markings and longitudinal stripes on thorax; in overwintered individuals ( Fig. 38 View FIGURES 35–40 ), body colour chestnut brown to dark brown in general, with many cream-yellow coloured fine markings and stripes on head and thorax. Antenna yellow; apices of segments IV–VI and most of segment VII dark brown; segments VIII–X dark brown to black. Forewing membrane transparent in general, faintly yellowish along veins in the apical half of forewing in younger adults, strongly yellowish throughout the apical half of forewing in fully matured adults, with reduced and obscure pale brown spots at the location of the radular spinules in cells m 1, m 2, and cu 1 ( Fig. 13 View FIGURES 11–16 ); veins yellow in summer adults, becoming uniformly dark brown in overwintered adults. Apical tooth of paramere black.

Structure. Head ( Fig. 11 View FIGURES 11–16 ) strongly inclined downwards, 85–90° from longitudinal body axis in profile, slightly wider than thorax. Vertex nearly half as long as wide or slightly shorter. Genal processes conical, about 0.7 times as long as vertex, slightly divergent and subacute apically. Antenna long, 2.3–2.6 times as long as head width; longer terminal seta of segment X about 1.8–2.0 times as long as shorter seta, 0.5–0.6 times as long as segment X ( Fig. 12 View FIGURES 11–16 ).

Forewing ( Fig. 13 View FIGURES 11–16 ) oblong oval, about 2.2–2.3 times as long as wide, widest at around 2/3 from the base; membrane with dense surface spinules in all cells; spinule-free bands along veins rather narrow, gradually becoming narrower apically; fields of radular spinules as in Fig. 13 View FIGURES 11–16 ; pterostigma well developed, more than 1/3 of the forewing length; Rs slightly sinuate, not curved towards costal margin apically; M 1+2 rather strongly arched at around the basal 1/3 and nearly straight thereafter, mostly very slightly curved towards costal margin apically; Cu 1a strongly arched around the basal 1/3–1/4 and nearly straight thereafter. Meracanthus moderate in size, subacute and slightly curved downwards apically; metatibia with prominent genual spine, with five apical sclerotised spurs arranged in 1+3+1; basal segment of metatarsus with a pair of sclerotised lateral spurs.

Male terminalia ( Fig. 14 View FIGURES 11–16 ) moderate in size. Proctiger slender, slightly curved caudad apically. Paramere stout, 0.8 times as long as proctiger, narrowest at base, gradually becoming wider and curved caudad towards the tip, truncated apically; anterior margin roundly projected cephalad around the apical 1/3; posteroapical corner strongly projected caudad; inner surface ( Fig. 15 View FIGURES 11–16 ) with many retrorse setae; inner apical tooth prominent, acute and projected cephalad. Distal aedeagal segment slightly longer than paramere; apex round and thickened, strongly hooked.

Female terminalia ( Fig. 16 View FIGURES 11–16 ) rather slender. Proctiger almost looks straight and very slightly curved at dorsal margin, not upturned apically, round at apex ( Fig. 33 View FIGURES 32–34 ). Subgenital plate with rather dense setae, acute at apex.

Fifth instar immature. Body ( Figs 17 View FIGURES 17–19 , 44 View FIGURES 41–46 ) light green, gently swollen dorsally. Antenna slender, 2.1–2.6 times as long as forewing pad, seven-segmented, with one apical rhinarium each on segments III and V, two on the middle of segment VII, with rather short capitate setae on the middle of segment III and apices of segments III–V ( Fig. 27 View FIGURES 26–31 ). Forewing pad oblong oval; outer margin with 8–9 long capitate setae and short simple setae in between ( Fig. 30 View FIGURES 26–31 ). Hindwing pad with two long capitate setae apically. Legs long, hairy, with many short simple setae and long capitate setae; tarsal arolia petiolate and fan-shaped ( Fig. 18 View FIGURES 17–19 ). Abdomen rounded apically, with many long capitate setae dorsally and many long simple setae ventrally. Caudal plate with many long capitate setae on dorsum and margin, with 4+4 truncated sectasetae on posterior margin. Anus located on ventral side. Outer circumanal pore ring ( Fig. 19 View FIGURES 17–19 ) relatively small, heart-shaped, strongly curved in front, comprising a single row of elongated pores; caudal margin of outer circumanal pore ring away from abdominal margin. Inner circumanal pore ring comprising a single row of small elongated pores.

Measurements (in mm): Adult ( n = 5 males, 5 females): BL: 3.62–3.92; WL: 3.02–3.29; WW: 1.19–1.37; AL: 2.18–2.68; HW: 0.96–1.05; VW: 0.56–0.61; VL: 0.26–0.28; GL: 0.22–0.27; MP: 0.40–0.47; PL: 0.34–0.38; FP: 0.85–0.99. Fifth instar immature ( n = 5): BL: 2.50–2.83; BW: 1.28–1.50; AL: 1.78–1.85; WPL: 0.70–0.85; CRW: 0.08–0.09.

Material examined. HOLOTYPE: male (dry-mounted; NARO), Japan, Honshû , Hiroshima-ken , Hatsukaichishi , Yoshiwa, Nakatsuya, 34.492º N, 132.083º E, 750 m, 3.vi.2022,on Cladrastis shikokiana, H. Inoue GoogleMaps . PARATYPES: Honshû: 2 males, 1 female, Gunma-ken , Tone-gun , Kawaba-mura , Kawaba-yubara, Akakura-keikoku, 6.v.2004, N. Takahashi (dry-mounted; HIC) ; 7 males, 7 females, Nagano-ken , Matsumoto-shi , Azumi, Shimashimadani, 4.vi.2009, N. Takahashi (dry-mounted; HIC) ; 9 males, 7 females, Nagano-ken , Matsumoto-shi, Azuminagawado, 36.145º N, 137.744º E, 934 m, 26.vi.2021, on C. shikokiana, T. Matsuda (dry- and slide-mounted; HIC) GoogleMaps ; 1 male, 6 females, 1 immature, Nagano-ken , Shimominochi-gun , Sakae-mura, Shiratori, 36.978º N, 138.499º E, 287 m, 13.vi.2021, on Platyosprion platycarpum, T. Matsuda (dry- and slide-mounted; HIC) GoogleMaps ; 1 male, Hiroshima-ken , Shôbara-shi , Takano-chô, Kenashi-yama, 950 m, 7.viii.2004, at light trap, T. Yamauchi (dry-mounted; HIC) ; 1 male, 1 female, Hiroshima-ken , Fukuyama-shi, Ryûzu-kyô, 13.v.2009, N. Takahashi (dry-mounted; HIC) ; 77 males, 87 females, 97 immatures, same data as holotype (dry- and slide-mounted, 99.5% and 70% ethanol; HIC, OMNH) GoogleMaps ; 10 males, 11 females, same locality, 22.vii.2000, light trap, T. Yamauchi (dry- and slide-mounted; HIC) GoogleMaps ; Kyûshû : 1 female, Fukuoka-ken , Miyako-gun , Miyako-machi , Saigawahobashira, near Notôge, 33.502º N, 130.970º E, 750–930 m, 18.xi.2000, H. Inoue, on Tsuga sieboldii (dry-mounted; HIC) GoogleMaps ; 13 males, 12 females, same locality, 1.vi.2001, H. Inoue, on Aria japonica (dry- and slide-mounted; HIC) GoogleMaps ; 5 males, 3 females, same data, 3.vi.2001 (dry-mounted; HIC) GoogleMaps ; 2 males, 3 females, same data, 12.vi.2001 (dry- and slide-mounted, 99.5% ethanol; HIC) GoogleMaps ; 1 male, same data, 21.vi.2001 (dry-mounted; HIC) GoogleMaps ; 1 female, same locality, 7.iv.2012, N. Takahashi (dry-mounted; HIC) GoogleMaps ; 3 females, same data, 7.v.2012 (dry-mounted; HIC) GoogleMaps ; 1 female, same data, 4.vi.2012 (dry-mounted; HIC) GoogleMaps ; 45 males, 47 females, same locality, 9.vi.2014, H. Inoue (dry- and slide-mounted, 99.5% ethanol; HIC) GoogleMaps ; 1 female, same data, 20.v.2015 (dry-mounted; HIC) GoogleMaps ; 80 males, 77 females, 4 immatures, Kumamoto-ken , Kamimashiki-gun , Yabemachi, Naidaijin-rindô, 7.vi.2001, H. Inoue (dry- and slide-mounted, 99.5% ethanol; HIC) ; 4 males, 5 females, Miyazaki-ken , Higashiusuki-gun , Shiiba-son, Shiiya-tôge, 7.vi.2001, H. Inoue (dry-mounted; HIC) .

Distribution. Japan (Honshû, Kyûshû).

Host plant. Cladrastis shikokiana (Makino) Makino ; Platyosprion platycarpum (Maxim.) Maxim. (= Cladrastis platycarpa (Maxim.) Makino ) ( Fabales : Fabaceae ). These host plants were confirmed by the presence of immatures.

Etymology. This species is dedicated to and named after our most famous psyllidologist, Daniel Burckhardt, who is still very active at over 70 years of age.

Biology. Univoltine. The adults emerge in early June and leave the host plant within a short period. In summer and autumn, the adults are often observed on non-host plants, such as Aria japonica Decne. ( Rosales : Rosaceae ) and Tsuga sieboldii Carrière ( Pinales : Pinaceae ), which grow on the ridges of mountainous areas. Presumably, adults overwinter on evergreen shelter plants, such as T. sieboldii .

Comments. The diagnoses for the identification of Japanese Cyamophila species are presented in Table 2. The population corresponding to the new species was first collected using a light trap at the type locality ( Fig. 47 View FIGURE 47 ), as reported by Inoue & Yamauchi (2001). The material was provisionally recorded as ‘ C. hexastigma ’, but the absence of prominent spots on the forewing posterior margin required reconsideration for identification. This species was therefore subsequently reported by several authors as ‘ Cyamophila sp. ’ (see synonymic list).

Whereas C. shikokiana is endemic to Japan, P. platycarpum is found also in China (eFloras 2008). Therefore, C. burckhardti may also occur in China; however, psyllids corresponding to or similar to this species have not yet been recorded.