Kiwaia-

Key to the male genitalia of Palaearctic Kiwaia- View in CoL species

(The male of K. ( E.) yadongensis sp. n. is unknown)

1. Phallus about as long as tegumen and uncus, with rounded apex and short lateral tooth, saccus 3 times longer than basal width ( Figs 52, 53 View FIGURES 48 – 53 )............................................................................ K. ( E.) ramulata View in CoL

- Phallus from 1/2 to 2/3 length of tegumen and uncus, lateral tooth absent, saccus from 1.5 to 2 times longer than basal width ( Figs 28–51 View FIGURES 28 – 35 View FIGURES 36 – 41 View FIGURES 42 – 47 View FIGURES 48 – 53 )........................................................................................ 2

2. Ventral margin of valva with short process ( Figs 45, 46 View FIGURES 42 – 47 ).................................... K. ( E.) montana View in CoL sp. n.

- Ventral margin of valva without process ( Figs 28–44, 47–51 View FIGURES 28 – 35 View FIGURES 36 – 41 View FIGURES 42 – 47 View FIGURES 48 – 53 )................................................. 3

3. Saccus twice broader than valva in middle, about half of its length ( Fig. 47 View FIGURES 42 – 47 )...................... K. ( E.) medogia View in CoL sp. n.

- Saccus as broad as valva in middle or narower, shorter than half length of valva................................... 4

4. Uncus twice longer than broad on 1/4 length, posterior margin with medail incision ( Fig. 44 View FIGURES 42 – 47 )............. K. ( E.) spinosa View in CoL

- Uncus less than twice longer than broad on 1/4 length, posterior margin rounded.................................. 5

5. Apex of valva triangular, tapers to a thorn ( Figs 48–51 View FIGURES 48 – 53 )...................................................... 6

- Apex of valva rounded or weakly tapered................................................................. 7

6. Sacculus narrow, saccus broad, apical thorn long ( Fig 48 View FIGURES 48 – 53 )......................................... K. ( E.) kumatai View in CoL

- Sacculus broad, saccus narrow, apical thorn short ( Figs 49–51 View FIGURES 48 – 53 )............................... K. ( E.) povolnyi View in CoL sp. n.

7. Saccus broad, extended far beyond top of pedunculus, phallus stout, broad ( Fig. 38 View FIGURES 36 – 41 )........... K. ( E.) nyingchiensis View in CoL sp. n.

- Saccus narrower, slightly exceeds beyond top of pedunculus, phallus slender..................................... 8

8. Sacculus about as long as vincular process ( Figs 42, 43 View FIGURES 42 – 47 )..................................... K. ( E.) centrica View in CoL sp. n.

- Sacculus longer than vincular process.................................................................... 9

9. Saccus abruptly cut ( Figs 33–37 View FIGURES 28 – 35 View FIGURES 36 – 41 )............................................................. K. ( E.) kostjuki View in CoL

- Saccus tapered..................................................................................... 10

10. Phallus with crescentic cornutus, sacculus broadened apically ( Figs 39–41 View FIGURES 36 – 41 )................. K. ( E.) septentrionala View in CoL sp. n.

- Phallus without crescentic cornutus, sacculus pointed apically................................................ 11

11. Phallus comparatively narrow, valva extending to about half length of uncus ( Figs 29–31 View FIGURES 28 – 35 )............. K. ( E.) palaearctica View in CoL

- Phallus comparatively broad, valva extending to the top of uncus............................................. 12

12. Apical arm of phallus with postrior margin broadly rounded, valva apically rounded ( Fig. 28 View FIGURES 28 – 35 )............ K. ( E.) dryosyrta View in CoL

- Apical arm of phallus with postrior margin concave in middle, valva apically pointed ( Fig. 32 View FIGURES 28 – 35 )..... K. ( E.) mengdana View in CoL sp. n.