Ruppeliana fulva ( Taschenberg, 1884 )

Ruppeliana fulva ( Taschenberg, 1884) View in CoL

Figs 3–5 View Fig View Fig View Fig

Tettigonia fulva Taschenberg, 1884: 442 View in CoL .

Ruppeliana fulva View in CoL – Young 1977: 751. — Cavichioli et al. 2017: 438 (in key).

Diagnosis

Sharpshooters with about 8 mm ( Figs 3A–B View Fig , 4A–D View Fig ). Overall coloration yellow or green ( Figs 3A–B View Fig , 4 View Fig ). Pronotum and forewings varying from pale ( Fig. 4C–D View Fig ) to dark green ( Fig. 4A–B View Fig ), mottled with small spots, which can be yellow ( Fig. 4C–D View Fig ), green ( Fig. 4A–B View Fig ) or dark green, always contrasting with forewings. Pygofer narrowed in apical portion, with posterior margin rounded ( Fig. 3D View Fig ). Subgenital plate attaining to pygofers apex ( Fig. 3D View Fig ). Style short, with apex acute ( Fig. 3F View Fig ). Aedeagal shaft curved ventrally, with apex rounded, basidorsal process long and subparallel ( Fig. 3G View Fig ). Aedeagal atrium forming a sheath-like structure, which is connected by membrane to aedeagal basis ( Fig. 3G View Fig ).

Material examined

BRAZIL – Minas Gerais State • 2 ♀♀; Itamonte ; 10–14 Oct. 1998; D.M. Takiya leg.; DZUP • 1 ♀; Itamonte ; elev. 2100– 1700 m; 21–23 Nov. 2008; R. Carvalho, O. Evangelista and D. Takiya leg.; DZUP • 1 ♀; Parque Nacional do Caparaó ; 20.40956° S, 41.84904° W; elev. 1517 m; 3–7 Mar. 2017; M. Savaris and A.L. Norrbom leg.; DZUP GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; Extrema, Morro do Lopo ; 22.881° S, 46.308° W; elev. 1520 m; 9 Dec. 2012; P. Grossi leg.; DZUP GoogleMaps . – Paraná State • 1 ♂; BR 277 , Km 54, Torre Telepar ; 5–11 Dec. 1984; DZUP • 1 ♀; São José dos Pinhais ; Feb. 1982; Cavichioli leg; DZUP • 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; 18 Jan. 1982; DZUP • 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; 25°36′05″ S, 49°36′05″ W; elev. 880 m; 21 Sep. 2011; A.C. Domahovski leg.; DZUP GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; 25°36′18″ S, 49°11′37″ W; 6 Jun. 2015; A.C. Domahovski leg.; sweep; DZUP GoogleMaps • 6 ♂♂; same data as for preceding; 18 Nov. 2015; DZUP GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; 17–31 Dec. 2016; DZUP GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; 19 Mar. 2016; DZUP GoogleMaps • 2 ♂♂; same data as for preceding; 13 Aug. 2016; DZUP GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; 1–31 Mar. 2018; Malaise trap; DZUP GoogleMaps • 2 ♂♂; same data as for preceding; 1–31 Oct. 2019; DZUP GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; 1–28 Feb. 2019; DZUP GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; 19 Oct. 2020; sweep; DZUP GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; 1–31 Mar. 2021; Malaise trap; DZUP GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; Piraquara, Mananciais da Serra ; 25°29′ S, 48°59′ W; elev. 980 m; 11–12 Dec. 2010; P.C. Grossi leg; DZUP GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; elev. 1100 m; Jul. 2011; DZUP GoogleMaps • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; 25.4966° S, 48.9839° W; elev. 1010 m; 1–16 Feb. 2019; G. Melo and A. Martins leg.; Malaise trap; DZUP GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; 29–30 Nov. 2019; A.C. Domahovski and R. R. Cavichioli leg.; sweep; DZUP GoogleMaps • 4 ♀♀; same data as for preceding; 25°29′47″ S, 48°58′54″ W; elev. 1021 m; 27–28 Feb. 2022; A.C Domahovski leg.; sweep; DZUP GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; Piraquara, Parque Estadual do Marumbi ; 25°29′13″ S, 48°58′30″ W; 24 Jan. 2012; Grossi, Cavichioli and Silva leg.; light trap; DZUP GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; Colombo ; Nov. 2012; M. Savaris and S. Lampert leg.; DZUP • 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; 1–31 Sep. 2014; Malaise trap; DZUP • 1 ♂; Curitiba ; Sep. 1983; Costa and Eli leg.; DZUP • 1 ♀; Tijucas do Sul, Br 376km; 25.835° S, 49.048° W; elev. 655–879 m; 7 Oct. 2011; M.L. Monné and R. R. Cavichioli leg.; DZUP GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding, Associação dos Professores UFPR; elev. 878 m; 25°50′14″ S, 49°02′57″ W; A. Paladini and R.R. Cavichioli leg; light trap; DZUP GoogleMaps . – Santa Catarina State • 1 ♂; Rio Vermelho, São Bento do Sul ; 16 Mar. 1974; elev. 850 m; Rank leg.; DZUP . – São Paulo State • 2 ♀♀; São José do Barreiro, Serra Bocaina ; elev. 1600 m; Nov. 1976; F.M. Oliveira leg.; DZUP • 1 ♂; Campos do Jordão ; Nov. 1957; K. Lenko leg; DZUP .

Description

MEASUREMENTS (mm). Total length. Males: 8.1–8.5 (n = 24), females: 8.9–9.4 (n = 21).

HEAD ( Fig. 3A View Fig ). In dorsal view, moderately produced anteriorly, anterior margin from rounded to slightly subtriangular, median length of crown 1/5 of interocular width and approximately 1/4 of transocular width. Frons ( Fig. 3C View Fig ), in frontal view, texture slightly granular, muscular impressions distinct, epistomal suture obsolete medially. Clypeus ( Fig. 3C View Fig ), in frontal view, slightly pubescent apically. Pronotum ( Fig. 3A View Fig ), in dorsal view, with lateral margins convergent, posterior two-thirds of disk slightly transversely striated medially. Mesonotum ( Fig. 3A View Fig ) slightly granulated before transverse sulcus and slightly transversely striate posteriorly. Forewings ( Fig. 3A–B View Fig ) with veins indistinct, membrane distinct, including inner apical cell and posterior third of remaining apical cells; bases of anteapical cells approximately aligned with claval apex. Remaining characteristics of external morphology as described for the genus by Young (1977: 747).

COLORATION. Crown and frons ( Figs 3A–C View Fig , 4A–D View Fig ) from pale to dark yellow, with various small blackened spots. Frons ( Fig. 3C View Fig ) with lateral and posterior margins smoky brown, clypeus yellow, with a longitudinal smoky brown stripe medially, and paler areas laterally. Lorum and gena ( Fig. 3C View Fig ) yellow. Pronotum ( Figs 3A View Fig , 4A–C View Fig ) anterior third blackened, with yellowed maculae, posterior two-thirds green with yellowed smoky rounded maculae. Mesonotum ( Figs 3A View Fig , 4A–C View Fig ) yellow, with browned maculae. Meso and metasternum ( Figs 3B View Fig , 4B–D View Fig ) yellow. Forewing ( Figs 3A–B View Fig , 4 View Fig ) from pale to dark green, mottled with small rounded yellowish or greenish maculae. Legs ( Fig. 3C View Fig ) yellow with orangish areas. Abdomen ( Figs 4B View Fig , 5A–B View Fig ) yellow, with reddish parts.

MALE GENITALIA. Pygofer ( Fig. 3D View Fig ), in lateral view, strongly produced posteriorly, dorsal margin elevated medially and narrowed preapically, posterior margin rounded, macrosetae distributed along the posterior two-thirds of disc. Valve ( Fig. 3E View Fig ), in ventral view, with a longitudinal thickening in anterior margin, lateral margins rounded. Subgenital plate ( Fig. 3D–E View Fig ), in ventral view, subtriangular, broaded at base, narrowing gradually towards apex, inner margin rectilinear, outer margin with a uniseriate row of macrosetae; in lateral view, reaching pygofer apex, dorsal margin with multiseriate rows of long microsetae. Style ( Fig. 3F View Fig ), in dorsal view, elongate, extending posteriorly beyond apex of connective, outer margin with a slight median lobe, apical portion curved outwards with outer margin bearing microsetae, apex acute. Connective ( Fig. 3F View Fig ), in dorsal view, U-shaped, arms short, with a median keel. Aedeagus ( Fig. 3G–H View Fig ), in lateral view, shaft conspicuously curved ventrally, with a slightly expanded rounded apex; in dorsal view, apex opened medially as the gonopore exit; aedeagal atrium well developed, forming a sheath-like structure directed anteriorly, almost reaching shaft’s apex, with apical portion connected to basal portion by membrane, with a pair of elongate basidorsal processes, with acute apex, directed posteriorly and trespassing shaft’s apex; in ventral view, anterior margin narrowly projected anteriorly, posterior margin of atrium with a strong reentrance medially, forming two distinct rounded lobes laterally; basidorsal processes apical portions parallel.

FEMALE GENITALIA. Pygofer ( Fig. 5B View Fig ), in lateral view, moderately produced posteriorly, posterior margin triangular, macrosetae along ventral and posterior margins. Abdominal sternite VII ( Fig. 5A–C View Fig ) longer than wide, posterior margin slightly tipped medially, posterolateral corners slightly rounded. Valvifer I ( Fig. 5D View Fig ), in lateral view, rounded. Valvula I ( Fig. 5D–E View Fig ), in lateral view, blade narrowed apically, apex narrowly rounded, dorsal sculptured area strigate, extending from basal portion to apex, ventral sculpted area strigate, restricted to apical portions. Valvula II ( Fig. 5F–H View Fig ), in lateral view, expanded beyond basal curvature, narrowing slightly towards apex, without preapical prominence, apex rounded; dorsal margin with 55 continuous teeth, irregularly shaped after basal curvature, robust and subtriangular at basal and median portions and small and rounded in apical portion, all bearing denticles. Gonoplac ( Fig. 5I–J View Fig ), in lateral view, with basal half narrow, bearing denticuli in ventral margin, apical half expanded; apex rounded, with apical surface bearing denticuli and few macrosetae in posterior margin.

Remarks

Ruppeliana fulva and R. tridentata sp. nov. both have mottled forewings with spots, but they can be readily distinguished by several characteristics. In R. fulva , the subgenital plate reaches the apex of the pygofer ( Fig. 3D View Fig ), whereas in R. tridentata , it does not ( Fig. 12D View Fig ). Additionally, R. fulva has a mottled crown and frons ( Fig. 3C View Fig ), while R. tridentata displays three longitudinal black bands ( Fig. 12C View Fig ). The aedeagal shape in R. fulva is similar to that of R. delicata sp. nov. and R. robusta sp. nov., with the shaft curving ventrally. However, R. fulva differs from these species in several aspects: it is considerably smaller in size, has a distinct forewing spot pattern, possesses a subgenital plate that reaches the pygofer apex, and has a female abdominal sternite VII that is longer than wide. Based on the available material, R. fulva is the most commonly collected species of Ruppeliana .