Streblocera species

Key to Vietnamese Streblocera species (based on females)

1. First flagellomere lanceolate ( Fig. 2D View FIGURE 2 ); face with horn-like prominence submedially ( Figs 1 View FIGURE 1 , 2B View FIGURE 2 ; see Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 in Belokobylskij 2000a); fifth sternite of female with or without posteroventral pair of spines ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 , see Fig. 6 View FIGURE 6 in Belokobylskij 2000a); (subgenus Asiastreblocera )............................................................................. 2

- First flagellomere cylindrical, not lanceolate ( Figs 4E View FIGURE 4 , 6J View FIGURE 6 , 8G View FIGURE 8 , 14H View FIGURE 14 , 18F View FIGURE 18 ); face without horn-like prominence submedially ( Figs 10C View FIGURE 10 , 12C View FIGURE 12 , 14C View FIGURE 14 ); fifth sternite of female without posteroventral pair of spines ( Figs 3 View FIGURE 3 , 5 View FIGURE 5 , 13 View FIGURE 13 , 15 View FIGURE 15 )........................ 3

2. Scapus robust ( Figs 1 View FIGURE 1 , 2A View FIGURE 2 ); fifth sternite without posteroventral spines ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 )........................................................................................... Streblocera (Asiastreblocera) laichauensis Long , sp. nov.

- Scapus slender ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 in Belokobylskij 2000a); fifth sternite with distinct posteroventral spines ( Fig. 6 View FIGURE 6 in Belokobylskij 2000a);............................................................... S. (A.) rhinoceros Belokobylskij, 2000 View in CoL

3. Fifth flagellomere modified with unusual long prominence apico-ventrally, twice as long as width of fourth flagellomere (see Fig. 29B in Li et al. 2020); antennal sockets reaching up to upper level of eyes (see Fig. 29D in Li et al. 2020); face strongly flattened and tomentose (see Fig. 29C in Li et al. 2020); (subgenus Villocera )................................................................. Streblocera (Villocera) villosa Papp, 1985 View in CoL (= Streblocera guizhouensis You and Lou, 1993 View in CoL )

- Fifth flagellomere usually not modified, if modified then with short prominence apico-ventrally ( Figs 6J View FIGURE 6 , 8G View FIGURE 8 , 10H View FIGURE 10 , 18F View FIGURE 18 ); antennal sockets near upper level of eyes ( Figs 6B View FIGURE 6 , 8B View FIGURE 8 , 10B View FIGURE 10 , 14B View FIGURE 14 , 16B View FIGURE 16 , 18B View FIGURE 18 ); face more or less convex and mostly with densely short setae ( Figs 4B View FIGURE 4 , 8B View FIGURE 8 , 12B View FIGURE 12 , 16B View FIGURE 16 )....................................................................... 4

4. First flagellomere modified, with a hook-like process ventro-apically ( Figs 12G View FIGURE 12 , 14H View FIGURE 14 , 16E View FIGURE 16 ) or strongly depressed and distinctly longer than second flagellomere ( Fig. 18F View FIGURE 18 ); in some species second flagellomere submedially inserted on first flagellomere; first–seventh flagellomeres without apical processes ( Figs 16E View FIGURE 16 , 18F View FIGURE 18 ) (subgenus Streblocera )......................... 5

- First flagellomere normal (not modified), without protruding corner apically ( Figs 4E View FIGURE 4 , 6J View FIGURE 6 , 8G View FIGURE 8 ); in some species second flagellomere apically inserted on first flagellomere; first–seventh flagellomeres usually modified, with apical processes ( Figs 6J View FIGURE 6 , 10H View FIGURE 10 ) (subgenus Eutanycerus )......................................................................... 8

5. First flagellomere nearly straight, 6.5 × as long as wide ( Fig. 18F View FIGURE 18 ); first and second flagellomeres with dense sensillae ventrally ( Fig. 18F View FIGURE 18 ); first metasomal tergite elongate, length of first tergite 2.6 × its apical width ( Fig. 18C View FIGURE 18 ); antenna with 15 antennomeres................................................................ Streblocera (S.) setosa , sp. nov.

- First flagellomere distinctly curved ( Figs 12G View FIGURE 12 , 14H View FIGURE 14 , 16E View FIGURE 16 ) 6.0–6.5 × as long as wide; first and second flagellomeres with sparse sensillae ventrally ( Figs 12G View FIGURE 12 , 14H View FIGURE 14 , 16E View FIGURE 16 ); first metasomal tergite not elongate, length of first tergite 1.6–2.0 × its apical width ( Figs 12H View FIGURE 12 , 14F View FIGURE 14 , 16H View FIGURE 16 ); antenna with 14–16 antennomeres...................................................... 6

6. Length of scapus 8.7 × its maximum width ( Fig. 14H View FIGURE 14 ); vein 1-R1 of fore wing rather short, 0.3 × as long as pterostigma ( Fig. 14I View FIGURE 14 ); first metasomal tergite 1.6 × as long as its apical width ( Fig. 14F View FIGURE 14 ); antenna with 14 antennomeres; penultimate flagellomere distinctly shorter than ultimate flagellomere; propodeum dark brown ( Fig. 14G View FIGURE 14 )...... S. (S.) huuliena , sp. nov.

- Length of scapus 6.5–6.6 × its maximum width ( Figs 12G View FIGURE 12 , 16E View FIGURE 16 ); vein 1-R1 of fore wing 0.5–0.6 × as long as pterostigma ( Figs 12I View FIGURE 12 , 16I View FIGURE 16 ); first metasomal tergite 1.8–2.2 × as long as its apical width ( Figs 12H View FIGURE 12 , 16H View FIGURE 16 ); antenna with 16 antennomeres; penultimate flagellomere subequal to ultimate flagellomere; propodeum yellow entirely or posteriorly ( Figs 12F View FIGURE 12 , 16G View FIGURE 16 )..... 7

7. Vein r of fore wing arising distinctly behind middle of pterostigma ( Fig. 16I View FIGURE 16 ); vein SR1 distinctly curved submedially; vein 1-M 0.6 × 2-SC+R; length of first tergite 1.8 × its apical width ( Fig. 16H View FIGURE 16 ); propodeum without areola medially ( Fig. 16G View FIGURE 16 ); mesoscutum entirely ( Fig. 16D View FIGURE 16 ) and propodeum anteriorly dark brown ( Fig. 16G View FIGURE 16 ).............. S. (S.) necurvata , sp. nov.

- Vein r of fore wing arising from middle of pterostigma ( Fig. 12I View FIGURE 12 ); vein SR1 weakly curved submedially; vein 1-M subequal to 2-SC+R; length of first tergite 2.2 × its apical width ( Fig. 12H View FIGURE 12 ); propodeum with areola medially ( Fig. 12F View FIGURE 12 ); mesoscutum ( Fig. 12D View FIGURE 12 ) and propodeum entirely yellow ( Fig. 12F View FIGURE 12 ).......................................... S. (S.) duplicata , sp. nov.

8. Scapus without pointed horn baso-ventrally ( Figs 4E View FIGURE 4 , 6H View FIGURE 6 )..................................................... 9

- Scapus with pointed horn baso-ventrally ( Figs 8F View FIGURE 8 , 10I View FIGURE 10 )....................................................... 11

9. Scapus 6.0 × its maximum width ( Fig. 6H View FIGURE 6 ); pterostigma 1.8 × 1-R1; vein r of fore wing arising behind pterostigma ( Fig. 6I View FIGURE 6 ); apical width of first metasomal 2.5 × as wide as its minimum width ( Fig. 6C View FIGURE 6 ); antenna with 20–21 antennomeres....................................................................................... S. (E.) netrangana , sp. nov.

- Scapus 7.4–7.8 × its maximum width ( Fig. 4E View FIGURE 4 ); vein r of fore wing arising distinctly behind pterostigma ( Fig. 4H View FIGURE 4 , see Fig. 11A View FIGURE 11 in Li et al. 2020); apical width of first metasomal 2.0× as wide as its minimum width ( Fig. 4F View FIGURE 4 ); antenna with 19–20 antennomeres....................................................................................... 10

10. Occipital carina complete ( Fig. 4A View FIGURE 4 ); antenna with 20 antennomeres; sixth–seventh flagellomeres with ventro-apical hook-liked prominences (= pointed tubercles) ( Fig. 4E View FIGURE 4 ); first flagellomere 1.6 × as long as second flagellomere ( Fig. 4E View FIGURE 4 ); pterostigma 1.75 × 1-R1; ovipositor curved upwards ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 )........................................... S. (E.) hatinhensis , sp. nov.

- Occipital carina incomplete; antenna with 19 antennomeres; fifth–sixth flagellomeres with ventro-apical hook-liked prominences (= pointed tubercles) (see Fig. 11B View FIGURE 11 in Li et al. 2020); first flagellomere 1.4 × as long as second flagellomere (see Fig. 11A View FIGURE 11 in Li et al. 2020); pterostigma 1.8 × 1-R1 (see Fig. 11A View FIGURE 11 in Li et al. 2020); ovipositor wave-like, bent.... S. (E.) opima Chou, 1990 View in CoL

11. Scapus robust, length of scapus 4.0–5.0 × its maximum width (without horn) (Figs 23, 30 in Long & Pham 2020); propodeum distinctly convex anteriorly higher upper level of scutellum (Figs 23, 28 in Long & Pham 2020); antenna with 19 antennomeres........................................................... S. (E.) trangana Long & Pham, 2020

- Scapus slender, length of scapus 6.5–9.5 × its maximum width (without horn) ( Figs 8 View FIGURE 8 , 19 View FIGURE 19 , 41 in Long & Pham 2020); propodeum at the upper level of scutellum ( Figs 6 View FIGURE 6 , 39 in Long & Pham 2020); the number of antennomeres is variable............. 12

12. Fifth–seventh flagellomeres serrate ventrally ( Figs 8G View FIGURE 8 , 10H View FIGURE 10 ); antenna with 24–26 antennomeres..................... 13

- Fifth–seventh flagellomeres straight ventrally (see 7, 18, 29 in Long & Pham 2020; Fig. 5B View FIGURE 5 in Li et al. 2020); antenna with 19–25 antennomeres.................................................................................. 14

13. Scapus slightly expanded apically, wider apically than basally ( Fig. 10I View FIGURE 10 ); vein cu-a of fore wing interstitial, vein 1-CU1 square ( Fig. 10J View FIGURE 10 ); first tergite round rugose medio-subapically ( Fig. 10G View FIGURE 10 ); antenna with 26 antennomeres S. (E.) paruncifera , sp. nov.

- Scapus hardly expanded apically, as wide basally as apically ( Fig. 8F View FIGURE 8 ); vein cu-a of fore wing postfurcal, vein 1-CU1 0.7 × as long as cu-a ( Fig. 8I View FIGURE 8 ); first tergite foveolate-punctate medio-subapically ( Fig. 8H View FIGURE 8 ); antenna with 24 antennomeres........................................................................................... S. (E.) neutra , sp. nov.

14. Fifth flagellomere geniculate (Fig. 82 in Belokobylskij, 2000b); second–fifth flagellomeres with pointed tubercles baso-ventrally (Fig. 82 in Belokobylskij, 2000b), antenna with 19 antennomeres.............. S. (E.) thayi Belokobylskij, 2000 View in CoL

- Seventh flagellomere geniculate ( Figs 7 View FIGURE 7 , 18 View FIGURE 18 , 40 in Long & Pham 2020; Fig. 75 in Belokobylskij, 2000b); second–sixth flagellomeres serrate ( Figs 7 View FIGURE 7 , 40 in Long & Pham 2020), if not then fused immobile and slightly compressed with deep ventral excisions between flagellomeres (Fig. 75 in Belokobylskij, 2000b); antenna with 20–25 antennomeres................. 15

15. First–fifth flagellomeres not serrate and lacking pointed tubercles baso-ventrally; scapus shorter, less than 6.5 × its maximum width (without horn) ( Fig. 2B View FIGURE 2 in Watanabe, 1942; Fig. 24 in Chen & van Achterberg, 1997). China, Japan, Russia.................................................................................... S. (E.) okadai Watanabe, 1942 View in CoL

- At least first to fifth flagellomeres serrate ( Figs 7 View FIGURE 7 , 18 View FIGURE 18 , 40 in Long & Pham 2020) or with pointed tubercles baso-ventrally (Fig. 82 in Belokobylskij, 2000b) or fused immobile and slightly compressed with deep ventral excisions between segments (Fig. 76 in Belokobylskij, 2000b); scapus long, 7.1–9.4 × its maximum width (without horn) ( Figs 8 View FIGURE 8 , 19 View FIGURE 19 , 41 in Long & Pham 2020).. .................................................................................................. 16

16. Scapus with a minute horn situated in basal 0.3 of scapus ventrally (see Fig. 528 in Chen & van Achterberg, 1997); seventh flagellomere with rather long hook-like prominence (see Fig. 5B View FIGURE 5 in Li et al. 2020).................................................................................................... S. (E.) cornis Chen & van Achterberg, 1997 View in CoL

- Scapus with acute pointed horn baso-ventrally (see Figs 8 View FIGURE 8 , 19 View FIGURE 19 , 41 in Long & Pham 2020); seventh flagellomere with small hook-like prominence (see Figs 7 View FIGURE 7 , 18 View FIGURE 18 , 40 in Long & Pham 2020).............................................. 17

17. In lateral view, transverse width of eye 1.9–2.0 × as long as temple ( Fig. 4 View FIGURE 4 in Long & Pham 2020).................................................................................................. S. (E.) intermedia Long, 2020

- In lateral view, transverse width of eye less than 1.5 × as long as temple ( Figs 15 View FIGURE 15 , 37 in Long & Pham 2020)............ 18

18. Scapus long, length 8.9 × as long as its maximum width (without horn) (Fig. 41 in Long & Pham 2020).......................................................................................... S. (E.) tuyenquangensis Long, 2020

- Scapus shorter, length 7.2–7.5 × as long as its maximum width (without horn) ( Fig. 19 View FIGURE 19 in Long & Pham 2020; Fig. 75 in Belokobylskij, 2000b)................................................................................ 19

19. In dorsal view, transverse diameter (=length) of eye 1.8 × as long as temple ( Fig. 13 View FIGURE 13 in Long & Pham 2020); apical width of first metasomal tergite 3.3 × its minimum width; length of pterostigma 4.0 × its width; antenna with 23–25 antennomeres........................................................................... S. (E.) quangbinhensis Long, 2020

- In dorsal view, transverse diameter (=length) of eye 1.4 ×as long as temple (Fig. 73 in Belokobylskij,2000b); length of pterostigma 3.0 × its width; apical width of first metasomal tergite 3.0 × its minimum width; antenna with 19–20 antennomeres.................................................................................. S. (E.) pila Belokobylskij, 2000 View in CoL