Cibyra kika, Mielke & Grehan & Koike, 2025

Cibyra kika View in CoL sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:

Pl. 9: Figs 13–14 View PLATE 2 , Pl. 12: Fig. 11 View PLATE 1 , Pl. 18: Fig. 6 View PLATE 1 , Pl. 22: Fig. 6 View PLATE 1

Type material. Holotype ♂ (Pl. 9: Fig. 13 View PLATE 2 ): / BRASIL —SC [ Santa Catarina ], Rio Vermelho, 800 m, São Bento do Sul. 13.II.2004 (5). O. Rank leg./ 23.316 Col. C. Mielke/ DZ 52.689/ HOLOTYPUS, Cibyra kika C. Mielke, Grehan & Koike, 2024 / ( DZUP).

Paratypes (in total 5 ♂ 1 ♀). Brazil. Santa Catarina. Same data as holotype: 1 ♂ ( CGCM 23.935 ; CGCM). Same locality and collector as holotype: 1 ♂, 5.II.2004 ( CGCM 23.380 ; CGCM); 1 ♂, 2.III.2000 ( CGCM 5.993 ; CGCM). Same locality as holotype: 2 ♂, 18.II.1999, I. Rank leg. ( CGCM 5.795, 5.835; CGCM). São Bento do Sul, Rio Natal, 700 m: 1 ♀, 10.II.2005, O. Rank leg. ( CGCM 17.799 ; CGCM) GoogleMaps .

Diagnosis. Males of the new species can be easily recognized by the combination of the following characters: i) male HW uniformly brown (as in C. piacaba sp. nov., anterior portion darker in C. olinda sp. nov.), ii) invagination of the outer wall edge extends about 1/3 of the length of the outer wall of the saccus (half in C. parana sp. nov. and 1/ 5 in C. olinda sp. nov.), and iii) tergal lobes robust and enlarged basally, while reduced in C. parana sp. nov. and C. olinda sp. nov.

PLATE 10. FIGURES 1–16 View PLATE 1 View PLATE 2 View PLATE 3 . Cibyra spp. of ferruginosa , monoargenteus , yungas , and endyra species-groups. Male abdomen, segments VII and VIII (left, tergites; right, sternites). Depositories of the specimens dissected: 1–5, 10–11, 14 in CGCM; 6, 9, 12–13, 15–16 in DZUP; 7–8 in CEIOC.

PLATE 11. FIGURES 1–10 View PLATE 1 . Cibyra spp. of endyra , pluriargenteus , dorita , jurate , and julie species-groups. Male abdomen, segments VII and VIII (left, tergites; right, sternites). Depositories of the specimens dissected: 1, 3, 6–7, 10–11 in DZUP; 2, 4–5, 8–9 in CGCM.

PLATE 12. FIGURES 1–11 View PLATE 1 . Cibyra spp. of munona and olinda species-groups. Male abdomen, segments VII and VIII (left, tergites; right, sternites). Depositories of the specimens dissected: 1 in CGCM; 2–3, 5–11 in DZUP; 4 in CEIOC.

PLATE 13. FIGURES 1–13 View PLATE 1 View PLATE 2 . Cibyra spp. Female abdomen, segments VII and VIII (left, tergites; right, sternites). Depositories of the specimens dissected: 1, 6–7 in CEIOC; 2–5, 8–13 in CGCM.

PLATE 14. FIGURES 1–10 View PLATE 1 . Cibyra spp. of ferruginosa and monoargenteus species-groups. Male genitalia, ventral view. Depositories of the specimens dissected: 1–5, 10 in CGCM; 6, 9 in DZUP; 7–8 in CEIOC.

PLATE 15. FIGURES 1–10 View PLATE 1 . Cibyra spp. of monoargenteus , yungas , and endyra species-groups. Male genitalia, ventral view. Depositories of the specimens dissected: 1, 8, 10 in CGCM; 2–3, 5–7, 9 in DZUP; 4 in ZSBS.

PLATE 16. FIGURES 1–8 View PLATE 1 . Cibyra spp. of pluriargenteus and dorita species-groups. Male genitalia, ventral view. Depositories of the specimens dissected: 1, 4–5 in CGCM; 2–3 in DZUP; 6–8 in ZSBS.

PLATE 17. FIGURES 1–8 View PLATE 1 . Cibyra spp. of jurate , julie , and munona species-groups. Male genitalia, ventral view. Depositories of the specimens dissected: 1–4, 6–8 in DZUP; 5 in CGCM.

PLATE 18. FIGURES 1–8 View PLATE 1 . Cibyra spp. of olinda species-group. Male genitalia, ventral view. Depositories of the specimens dissected: all in DZUP.

Description. Male (Pl. 9: Fig. 13 View PLATE 2 , Pl. 12: Fig. 11 View PLATE 1 ). Forewing length: 14–16 mm, wingspan: 29–33 mm. Epiphysis present.

Male genitalia (Pl. 18: Fig. 6 View PLATE 1 , Pl. 22: Fig. 6 View PLATE 1 ). Tergal lobes slightly sclerotised, enlarged at base, with a posterior and spiniform projection. Saccus with anterior projection mesally constricted, posterior edge of outer wall notched, with invagination running about 1/3 of length of its anterior projection, inner wall deeply concave posteriorly. Tegumen slightly sinuate. Fultura inferior slightly longer than wide.

Female (Pl. 9: Fig. 14 View PLATE 2 ). Forewing length: 23 mm, wingspan: 45 mm. Epiphysis present.

Female genitalia. Not dissected.

PLATE 19. FIGURES 1–14 View PLATE 1 View PLATE 2 . Cibyra spp. of ferruginosa , monoargenteus , and yungas species-groups.

Male genitalia, phallus.

PLATE 20. FIGURES 1–8 View PLATE 1 . Cibyra spp. of endyra and pluriargenteus species-groups. Male genitalia, phallus.

Distribution. Known from a few localities within São Bento do Sul municipality in Santa Catarina (Pl. 29: Fig. 1 View PLATE 1 ).

Etymology. In honour of Clauseli da Rosa (“Kika”), feminine. It is treated as a noun in the nominative singular in apposition.

Remarks. Like the two previous species, C. kika sp. nov. is not variable. It is sympatric to C. olinda sp. nov., but not synchronic. While C. olinda sp. nov. is on the wing during October and November, C. kika sp. nov. flies in February.

Notes on Cibyra biogeography

Biogeographic analysis is not solely a matter of reconstructing past vicariance and dispersal events. It is also about identifying spatial structures that exist in the present—the patterns of distribution comprising the localities occupied and the space between them (whether within individual species or between species, and between higher taxonomic groups). These spatial structures can be identified, drawn as maps or line graphs (tracks), as the empirical data of biogeographic analysis.

Most biogeographic studies, especially those involving center-of-origin/chance dispersal techniques, overlook the spatial-temporal structure of biogeography, instead focusing on hypothetical areas (such as areas of endemism) and theories about chance dispersal. Analysis of biogeographic structures requires knowledge of phylogeny and geographic location, as these features represent the empirical records of distribution. As there is no resolved phylogeny for Cibyra , a comprehensive biogeographic analysis is not possible, but there is morphological evidence supporting the existence of ten monophyletic species-groups. Under an allopatric model of speciation, the extensive geographic overlap between the species-groups represents evidence of considerable range expansion since their original vicariant differentiation. There is extensive geographic overlap between the species-groups, which is evidence of considerable range expansion since their original differentiation. Within each species-group there is extensive allopatry with only partial overlap of most species, which is consistent with allopatric differentiation within each species-group. Reconstructions of possible ancestral differentiation are suggested as follows:

PLATE 21. FIGURES 1–9 View PLATE 1 . Cibyra spp. of dorita , jurate , julie , and munona species-groups. Male genitalia, phallus.