Pleolophus sapporensis ( Uchida, 1930 )

Pleolophus sapporensis ( Uchida, 1930) View in CoL

[New SJN: Kogata-futo-togari-himebachi]

( Figs. 53A–I, 54A–D, 79U)

Microcryptus sapporensis Uchida, 1930: 329 . Microcryptus pristiphorae Uchida, 1955: 2 .

Materials examined. JAPAN: [Hokkaido] SEHU, 1F (lectotype of Mi. sapporensis ), Sapporo, 7. VII. 1925, T. Uchida leg.; SEHU, 1F (holotype of Mi. pristiphorae ), Tomakomai, 24. VI. 1935, E. Kinoshita leg. (host: Pristiphora politivaginata (Takeuchi, 1933) on Larix kaempferi ); KPM-NK 102835, F, Chitose City, Bibi, Bibi Park, 26. VI. 2017, K. Watanabe leg.; KPM-NK 102995, F, Horokanai Town, Uryu, 17. VII. 2012, M. Ito leg.; KPM-NK 102824, F, ditto, 11–17. VII. 2012, K. Watanabe et al. leg. (MsT); KPM-NK 102829, F, same locality, 17. VII. 2012, K. Watanabe leg. [Honshu] KPM-NK 102866, F, Iwate Pref., Yobesawa-rindo, 11. VII. 2007, T. Ishizaki leg.; KPM-NK 102869, F, Fukushima Pref., Hinoemata Vil., Hirosawa-rindo, 19. VII. 2006, T. Ishizaki leg.; KPM-NK 5006657, F, Tochigi Pref., Kuroiso Town, Miyama-dam, 8. IX. 2001, E. Katayama leg.; KPM-NK 102851, 102867, 2F, Gunma Pref., Tsumagoi Vil., Kanbara, Takamine-kogen, 3. IX. 2015, K. Watanabe leg.; KPM-NK 102828, F, Saitama Pref., Okaki, Okuchichibu-rindo, 30. VII. – 7. VIII. 2005, K. & S. Arai leg.; KPM-NK 5006672, F, Yamanashi Pref., Koushu City, Sagashio, 16. VI. 2007, K. Watanabe leg.; KPM-NK 102834, F, Yamanashi Pref., Koushu City, Katsunuma Town, Ootaki-fudo, 4. VIII. 2008, K. Watanabe leg.; KPM-NK 102863, F, Yamanashi Pref., Koushu City, Yanagisawa-toge, 5. VIII. 2008, K. Watanabe leg.; KPM-NK 102833, F, Yamanashi Pref., Hokuto City, Masutomi, Biwakubo-sawa, 28. VII. 2007, T. Ban leg.; KPM-NK 91377, 102831, 2F, Honshu, Tokyo, Okutama Town, Hikawa, 30. VI. 2007, K. Watanabe leg.; KPM-NK 102873, F, Kanagawa Pref., Yokosuka City, Mt. Miurafuji to Mt. Takeyama, 5. V. 2007, K. Watanabe leg.; KPM-NK 102865, F, ditto, 4. V. 2013; KPM-NK 5004344, F, Kanagawa Pref., Kiyokawa Vil., Mt. Tanzawa-san, Tennojione, 29. VI. 2013, T. Taniwaki leg. ( FIT); KPM-NK 5004343, F, Kanagawa Pref., Yamakita Town., Mt. Mikuniyama, 4. VII. 2013, T. Taniwaki leg. ( FIT); KPM-NK 102852, F, Shizuoka Pref., Izu City, Mt. Amagi-san, 2. VI. 2007, G. Oishi leg.; KPM-NK 102868, F, Nagano Pref., Outaki Vil., Mt. Ontake-san, Hakkaisan, 31. VII. 2013, K. Watanabe leg.; KPM-NK 102825, F, ditto, 5. VIII. 2017, K. Watanabe leg.; KPM-NK 102830, F, ditto, Mt. Ontake-san, Tanohara, 17. VII. 2007; KPM-NK 102853, F, Nagano Pref., Kawakami Vil., Azusayama, 14. VI. 2015, K. Watanabe leg.; KPM-NK 102826, F, Toyama Pref., Nanto City, Togamura-kamimomose, 21–28. VII. 2009, M. Watanabe leg. (MsT); KPM-NK 102854, F, ditto, 11–18. VIII. 2009, M. Watanabe leg. (MsT); KPM-NK 102855, F, ditto, 15–29. IX. 2009; KPM-NK 102856 and OMNH, 2F, Toyama Pref., Toyama City, Arimine, Jyurodani, 21–28. VII. 2009, M. Watanabe leg. (MsT); KPM-NK 102858, F, Toyama Pref., Toyama City, Arimine, Inone-dani, 1–8. IX. 2009, M. Watanabe leg. (MsT); KPM-NK 102857, F, ditto, 8–15. IX. 2009; KPM-NK 102870, F, Ishikawa Pref., Ichinose, 7. IX. 1982, T. Murota leg.; KPM-NK 102871, F, Fukui Pref., Arashi, 26. VIII. 1975, H. Kurokawa leg.; KPM-NK 102872, F, Fukui Pref., Izumi Vil., Asahimaesaka, 29. VI. 1982, T. Murota leg.; OMNH, 2F & 1M, Nara Pref., Ikoma City, Higashinabata, 17. VI. 2016 (host cocoon coll.), R. Matsumoto leg.; KPM-NK 103099, M, ditto. [Iki Island] KPM-NK 102864, 102993, 2F, Nagasaki Pref., Iki City, Gounoura Town, Komakinishifure, 20. VI. 2021, K. Otsui leg.

Description. Female (n = 33). Body densely punctate and polished; covered with setae; body length 4.2–8.7 mm.

Head 0.55–0.6 × as long as wide in dorsal view. Clypeus 1.8–2.1 × as wide as long; slightly convex in lateral view; punctate dorsally, smooth ventrally; lower margin slightly rounded; blunt in lateral view. Face 0.38–0.45 × as long as minimum width; weakly convex medially; sparsely punctate laterally; ISP largely smooth. Frons with pair of large smooth areas above each antennal socket. POL 1.6–2.0 × as OD. OOL 1.4–2.0 × as OD. Dorsal profile of gena slightly rounded to nearly straight in dorsal view; width gradually narrowing posteriorly ( Fig. 53D). Occipital carina complete. Malar space 1.1–1.5 × as long as basal width of mandible. Mandible flat at base; lower tooth equal in length of upper tooth. Antenna with 19–24 flagellomeres; not flattened and tapped. FL I 2.0–2.25 × as long as maximum depth in lateral view, 1.0–1.1 × as long as FL II.

Mesosoma. Pronotum rugulose ventrally ( Fig. 53E). Epomia absent. Mesoscutum finely and sparsely laterally and posteriorly; with short and weak notaulus. Scutellum sparsely punctate (punctures on median part sparser than lateral parts); flat to slightly convex in lateral view. Mesopleuron without conspicuous smooth area around speculum; punctures largely or partly united into groove-like longitudinal foveola ( Fig. 53E). Epicnemial carina present laterally and ventrally. Sternaulus deep in anterior 0.5 of mesopleuron. Metapleuron densely punctate to rugulose; with partly indistinct juxtacoxal carina. Propodeum rugose or rugulose except for area externa finely and sparsely punctate with smooth ISP; area externa sometimes partly granulate; anterior transverse carina absent; posterior transverse carina complete, inverted U-shaped ( Fig. 53G); lateromedian longitudinal carina present anteriorly but largely indistinct in front of posterior transverse carina; lateral longitudinal carina complete, sometimes indistinct posteriorly; pleural carina complete; antero-lateral part of area basalis of propodeum with conspicuous smooth area ( Fig. 53G); area superomedia indistinct; apophysis weak and obtusely projected; spiracle round to oval. Fore wing length 3.4–6.6 mm. Areolet as long as maximum width; width gradually narrowing anteriorly; received vein 2m-cu at near middle ( Fig. 53F). Fore wing vein 1cu-a postfurcal to vein M&RS. Nervellus subvertical; intercepted near posterior end of vein. Hind femur reticulate coriaceous; 3.9–4.6 × as long as maximum depth in lateral view. Tarsal claws simple.

Metasoma largely smooth. T I 1.35–1.8 × as long as maximum width; latero-median carina absent; dorso-lateral carina complete; postpetiole sometimes with some longitudinal striae. T II 0.5–0.6 × as long as maximum width. Thyridium present; close to anterior margin of T II; flat to slightly depressed; ca. 2.0 × as wide as length. T II to T VI sparsely punctate. Ovipositor sheath 0.75–0.8 × as long as hind tibia, 1.3–1.5 × as long as T I. Ovipositor straight; apex sharp; apex of lower valve with teeth ( Fig. 79U).

Colouration ( Figs. 53A–I). Body (excluding wings) black to blackish-brown. Setae silver except for some blackish-brown setae on head and mesoscutum. Clypeus tinged with reddish-brown. FL V to FL IX or FL X with white marking. Posterior part of T I, T II, and T III sometimes weakly tinged with dark reddish-brown. Middle part of T VII with a white to yellowish brown marking. Wing slightly yellowish-brown hyaline to brownish-hyaline. Veins and pterostigma blackish-brown to brown except for yellow wing base. Ventral surface of flagellum, tibiae and fore and mid tarsi usually tinged with brown. Hind trochanter and trochantellus usually whitish-yellow (but black in a few specimens). Base of hind tibia sometimes tinged with yellowish-brown. Ovipositor brown.

Male (n = 2). Similar to female ( Figs. 54A–D). POL 1.2–1.5 × as OD. OOL 1.4–1.9 × as OD. Malar space 0.95–1.0 × as long as basal width of mandible. Antenna with 24–25 flagellomeres; with tyloids on FL X to FL XV ( Fig. 54D). FL I 2.25–2.5 × as long as maximum depth in lateral view, 1.15 × as long as FL II. T I 1.4–1.75 × as long as maximum width. T II 0.85 × as long as maximum width. Scape and pedicel each with ventral yellow marking. Clypeus tinged with reddish-brown ventrally. Face with pair of yellow markings along orbit and median small yellow marking(s). Mandible tinged with yellowish-brown except for teeth. Palpi ivory. Postero-dorsal corner of pronotum, tegula, and scutellum each with yellow marking. Postscutellum and posterior margins of T I and T II tinged with reddish-brown. Membranous part of metasomal sternites yellowish-brown to brown. Fore and mid trochanters, trochantelli, tibiae except for apical part of mid tibia, and tarsi yellow to yellowish-brown. Fore femur partly tinged with yellow. Bases of each mid tarsal segments weakly tinged with brown. Apices of hind coxa and trochanter, hind trochantellus, base of hind tibia, and tibial spurs yellow to yellowish-brown.

Distribution. Japan (Kunashiri Is., Hokkaido, Honshu, and Iki Is.).

Bionomics. Host: Pristiphora politivaginata (Takeuchi, 1933) ( Hymenoptera , Tenthredinidae ) (Uchida, 1955a); Aporia crataegi (Linnaeus, 1758) ( Lepidoptera , Pieridae ) ( Uchida, 1955b). The letter host is doubtful.

Remarks. Japanese name of this species, Ezoshirofuto-togari-himebachi, is based on doubtful host record from “Ezoshiro butterfly”, Aporia crataegi ( Lepidoptera , Pieridae ) ( Uchida, 1955b). Thus, I propose new SJN of this species in this study. This species has relatively larger intraspecific variation of the body sculptures (e.g., mesopleuron, metapleuron, area externa of propodeum, and T I) and the colouration (e.g., hind trochanter) than other species. In this study I have treated them as a single species, but they need to be re-examined in detail, combining both morphological and molecular information.