Aspistomella, Hendel, 1909

Key to adult Aspistomella View in CoL and related genera

1 Vein r-m far proximal to R 1 apex, at level with Sc apex; postero-apical lobe of cell cua shorter or at most as long as cell width; wing <3.5× longer than wide ( Figs 4 A–G, I–K View FIGURE 4 )............................................................. 2

- Vein r-m distal to R 1 apex ( Figs 5 View FIGURE 5 , 6 A, C–H View FIGURE 6 ), and if slightly proximal in Aspistomella garleppi ( Fig. 6 D View FIGURE 6 ), then distal to Sc apex level and wing> 3.5× longer than wide.................................................................... 9

2 Epistome low, clypeus as high as epistome ( Fig. 3 D View FIGURE 3 )......................................................... 3

- Epistome high, at least 2× higher than clypeus ( Figs 3 A, C View FIGURE 3 )........................................ Ulivellia View in CoL …… 4

3 Frontal and interfrontal setae 2–3 longer than fine parafrontal setulae ( Fig. 3 D View FIGURE 3 ). Wing pattern as in Figs 4 I, J View FIGURE 4 : subcostal crossband separated from preapical crossband in cell R 1; basicostal cell black or yellowish................................................................................... “ Euxesta” insolita Hendel View in CoL and related undescribed taxa

- Frontal vitta with uniformly short, undifferentiated setulae (as on Fig. 3 B View FIGURE 3 ). Wing pattern as on Fig. 4 K View FIGURE 4 : subcostal and preapical crossbands connected in pterostigma; basicostal cell black............................................. Axiologina View in CoL

4 Vein R 1 at pterostigma slightly dipping downwards, thickened and setulose; basal 0.8 of costal cell brown; vein R 2+3 at apex close and subparallel to costa, turning towards it before very apex. Wing sexually dimorphic: male with broad brown pattern, costa strongly bent at middle; female with 4 partly fused brown bands and moderately bent costa ( Figs 4 D, E View FIGURE 4 )................................................................................................ U. arcuata sp. nov.

- Vein R 1 at pterostigma straight, neither thickened nor setulose; at most basal half costal cell brown; vein R 2+3 variable. Wing either equal in both sexes, narrowly banded, or only one sex is known, costa only slightly bent anteriorly................ 5

5 Discal crossband (DB) oblique, ending just at base of vein CuA+CuP ( Figs 4 F, G View FIGURE 4 )................................. 6

- Discal crossband (DB) angulate, <-shaped, with posterior part directed posteroapically, terminating just at the apex of vein CuA+CuP ( Figs 4 A–C View FIGURE 4 )................................................................................ 7

6 Wing narrow,> 3.1× longer than wide, hyaline interspace between dark discal and preapical crossbands> 2.5× broader than discal crossband in discal cell ( Fig. 4 F View FIGURE 4 ). Legs and halter at least partly yellow. Prescutellar acrostichal setae absent............................................................................................. U. tenoris sp. nov.

- Wing wider, <3.1× longer than wide, hyaline interspace between dark discal and preapical crossbands <2× broader than discal crossband in discal cell ( Fig. 4 G View FIGURE 4 ). Legs and halter entirely black. Prescutellar acrostichal setae present.................................................................................................. U. pseudinsolita sp. nov.

7 Cell br entirely brown, connecting subbasal and discal crossbands ( Fig. 4 A View FIGURE 4 )....................... U. amnoni sp. nov.

- Cell br partly hyaline, subbasal and discal crossbands separated ( Figs 4 B, C View FIGURE 4 )...................................... 8

8 Subapical part of vein R 2+3 almost straight, leaving arcuate hyaline area between it and connection of subapical and apical brown crossbands ( Fig. 4 B View FIGURE 4 )............................................................... U. inversa Speiser View in CoL

- Subapical part of vein R 2+3 conspicuously bent anteriorly, leaving no hyaline area between it and connection of subapical and apical brown crossbands ( Fig. 4 C View FIGURE 4 )........................................................ U. laetitiae sp. nov.

9 Wing conspicuously widened and shortened in apical half; apical section of vein M 1 shorter than the preapical section between crossveins r-m and dm-m; postero-apical lobe of cell cua at most as long as cell width ( Fig. 4 H View FIGURE 4 ). Vein R 1 bare. Postpedicel dorsally incised and apically pointed ( Figs 48 E, F View FIGURE 48 ).................................. Polyteloptera apotropa Hendel View in CoL

- Wing gradually narrowed and elongated in apical half; apical part of vein M 1 longer than the preapical part between crossveins r-m and dm-m ( Figs 5 View FIGURE 5 , 6 View FIGURE 6 ). Vein R 1 either setulose or bare. Postpedicel rounded apically ( Fig. 3 C View FIGURE 3 )...... Aspistomella View in CoL … 10

10 Pterostigma vestigial, conspicuously shorter than width of costal cell ( Figs 5 A–F View FIGURE 5 )................................. 11

- Pterostigma either longer than width of costal cell ( Figs 6 B–H View FIGURE 6 ) or at most slightly shorter than its width (in A. lunata , A. enderleini sp. nov. and A. sachavaca sp. nov.) ( Figs 5 G–H View FIGURE 5 , 6 A View FIGURE 6 ).............................................. 16

11 Costal vein bent and thickened anteriorly before the apex of vein Sc; pterostigma at least slightly wider than veins Sc and R 1; vein R 1 bare or setulose dorsally; wing dark with hyaline spots, incisions or bands in the posterior half ( Figs 5 B–F View FIGURE 5 )...... 12

- Costal vein neither bent nor thickened before the apex of vein Sc, pterostigma almost linear, narrower than veins Sc and R 1; vein R 1 bare; wing with hyaline or pale yellow anterior margin and gradually darkening towards posterior margin without hyaline spots or incisions ( Fig. 5 A View FIGURE 5 ).............................................................. A. pachitea sp. nov.

12 Face between antennae from lunule to epistome completely sooty black microtrichose ( Fig. 25 D View FIGURE 25 ). Wing apex with long preapical hyaline incision from cell m only into cell r 2+3, dividing brown area into two dark apical bands; cell m with 2 hyaline marks ( Fig. 5 B View FIGURE 5 )..................................................................... A. heteroptera Hendel View in CoL

- Face between antennae from lunule to epistome white or gray microtrichose ( Figs 14 D View FIGURE 14 , 22 E View FIGURE 22 ). Wing pattern different: cell m with 1 hyaline spot only ( Figs 5 C–F View FIGURE 5 ).................................................................... 13

13 Wing apex completely dark; cell m with wide basal hyaline spot ( Figs 5 C–D View FIGURE 5 ); vein R 1 with several setulae dorsally; prescutellar acrostichal setae absent; halter with black knob............................................................. 14

- Wing apex with long and narrow preapical hyaline incision from apical half of cell m into cell r 1 usually reaching anterior margin of wing and separating narrow crescent-shaped brown apical band; base of cell m completely dark ( Figs 5 E–F View FIGURE 5 ); vein R 1 bare; prescutellar acrostichal setae present; halter yellow................................................... 15

14 Wing very narrow,> 3.5× longer than wide; anterior hyaline incision (distal to pterostigma) entering only into cell r 2+3 basal to crossvein r-m, but not cells br, nor r 4+5; base of cell r 4+5 and apex of cell dm with common oblique spot ( Fig. 5 D View FIGURE 5 ).................................................................................................. A. tres sp. nov.

- Wing somewhat wider, <3.5× longer than wide; anterior hyaline incision (distal of pterostigma) entering dm through cells r 2+3 and r 4+5 distal to crossvein r-m, but apex of cell dm entirely dark ( Fig. 5 C View FIGURE 5 )............................ A. duo sp. nov.

15 Cell dm entirely dark in apical half ( Fig. 5 E View FIGURE 5 ). Male genitalia: surstyli with short lobes and slightly thickened setae; lobes of phallic guide unmodified; phallus thick and extremely long, densely trichose ( Fig. 29 View FIGURE 29 ).............. A. lobioptera Hendel View in CoL

- Cell dm apically of r-m level with hyaline spot connected to hyaline spot in cell m 4 (=cua 1) ( Fig. 5 F View FIGURE 5 ). Male genitalia: outer surstylus with elongate anteroventral lobe and wide rounded posterior lobe, inner surstylus with 3–4 thick prensisetae and posteriorly produced; lobes of phallic guide sclerotised and apically truncated; phallus non-modified, moderately developed ( Figs 41 A–F View FIGURE 41 )......................................................................... A. steyskali sp. nov.

16 Cell r 1 with 2 hyaline marks ( Figs 5 G, H View FIGURE 5 ) (if in A. sachavaca sp. nov. with unclear indentation from cell r 2+3 ( Fig. 6 A View FIGURE 6 ), then wing short oval) or almost entirely hyaline with 1–2 narrow dark marks ( Fig. 6 B View FIGURE 6 )................................. 17

- Cell r 1 with 1 hyaline mark ( Figs 6 D, G, H View FIGURE 6 )............................................................... 23

17 Wing wide oval, <2.6× (2.3–2.5×) longer than wide ( Figs 5 G, H View FIGURE 5 ).............................................. 18

- Wing long,>2.6× (2.7–4×) longer than wide ( Figs 6 B, E, F View FIGURE 6 ).................................................. 20

18 First hyaline mark in cell r 1 reaching at most vein M 1 and isolated from hyaline mark at posterior margin of the wing ( Figs 5 G, H View FIGURE 5 ). Face entirely white or grey microtrichose ( Figs 22 E View FIGURE 22 , 31 C View FIGURE 31 ). Vein R 1 bare..................................... 19

- First hyaline mark in cell r 1 complete, reaching posterior margin of the wing ( Fig. 6 A View FIGURE 6 ). Face below lunule sooty black microtrichose ( Fig. 38 C View FIGURE 38 ). Vein R 1 setulose dorsoapically..................................... A. sachavaca sp. nov.

19 First hyaline incision distal to pterostigma long, extending into cell r 4+5 distally of crossvein r-m ( Fig. 5 G View FIGURE 5 ). Male genitalia not examined.................................................................... A. lunata (Hendel) comb. nov.

- First hyaline incision distal to pterostigma short, extending at most into cell r 2+3 and isolated from round hyaline spot in cell r 4+5 distally of crossvein r-m ( Fig. 5 H View FIGURE 5 ). Male genitalia: surstyli ventrally obtuse, with short denticles on posterior margin, but without expressed lobes and prensisetae, only with slightly thickened setae on surstyli, lobes of phallic guide laterally triangular and moderately sclerotised ( Figs 23 B–E View FIGURE 23 )................................................. A. enderleini sp. nov.

20 Wing apex mostly hyaline, with two narrow oblique dark crossbands ( Fig. 39 A View FIGURE 39 ). Epistome conspicuously produced anteriorly beyond antennae ( Fig. 39 D View FIGURE 39 ). Abdominal tergites 1–4 covered with moderately long and dense microtrichia, matt ( Figs 39 E, G View FIGURE 39 )................................................................................. A. schnusei sp. nov.

- Wing apex broadly dark ( Figs 6 C, E, F View FIGURE 6 ). Epistome shorter, not produced anteriorly beyond antennae ( Figs 10 B View FIGURE 10 , 36 D View FIGURE 36 , 42 D View FIGURE 42 ). Abdominal tergites subshining.......................................................................... 21

21 Wing with crescent-shaped subapical hyaline mark; posterior margin dark, without triangular hyaline incisions or spots in cell m 4 ( Fig. 6 C View FIGURE 6 ). Femora largely black.......................................... A. angustifrons (Hendel) comb. nov.

- Wing apex with subapical hyaline marks in cells r 1 and m 1 isolated; posterior margin with hyaline marginal mark in cell m 4 ( Figs 6 E, F View FIGURE 6 ). Femora yellow................................................................................ 22

22 Distal hyaline mark in cell r 1 reaching anterior half of cell r 4+5; cell m 1 with rounded submarginal hyaline mark extending to vein M 1 ( Fig. 6 E View FIGURE 6 )............................................................... A. crucifera (Hendel) comb. nov.

- Distal hyaline mark in cell r 1 posteriorly reaching only middle of cell r 2+3; cell m 1 with cuneiform hyaline mark extending middle of cell r 4+5 ( Fig. 6 F View FIGURE 6 ).......................................................... A. quinquincisa sp. nov.

23 Cell r 1 with hyaline marginal incision extending only to cell dm ( Fig. 6 G View FIGURE 6 ). Vein R 1 bare............. A. teresensis sp. nov.

- Hyaline interspace distally to pterostigma continuous, reaching posterior margin of wing ( Figs 6 D, H View FIGURE 6 ). Vein R 1 setulose in apical part.......................................................................................... 24

24 Wing 3.2–3.3× longer than wide; dark subapical crossband uniformly narrow, cell m 1 with hyaline area in basal half ( Fig. 6 H View FIGURE 6 ). Face below lunule with medial black spot, partly silvery microtrichose ( Fig. 32 G View FIGURE 32 ). Ocellar seta very long ( Figs 32 C, D View FIGURE 32 ). Mid tibia ventroapically with 2 long spur-like setae............................................... A. obliqua sp. nov.

- Wing 3.8–4× longer than wide; wing apex from crossvein dm-m uniformly brown, including cell m 1; hyaline area between it and pterostigma wide, covering entire area between r-m and dm-m ( Fig. 6 D View FIGURE 6 ). Face entirely silvery microtrichose, without black spot. Ocellar seta short, at most 1/3 as long as orbital seta ( Figs 3 C View FIGURE 3 , 24 D View FIGURE 24 ). Mid tibia ventroapically with 1 long spur-like seta................................................................................. A. garleppi sp. nov.