Parydra (Chaetoapnaea) fossarum ( Haliday, 1833 )

Parydra (Chaetoapnaea) fossarum ( Haliday, 1833) View in CoL

( Figs. 7, 52–55 View FIGURES 52–55 )

Ephydra fossarum Haliday 1833: 175 View in CoL ; type-locality: „Holywood in Downshire“ [Britain]; lectotype ♀, des. by Mathis & Zatwarnicki 1990 [NMID, Mathis & Zatwarnicki 1990].

Ephydra (Parydra) affinis Stenhammar 1844: 192 View in CoL ; type-locality: „Uplandia, ad Holmiam, in Ostrogothia ““ [ Sweden]; syntype ♂ ♀ [MZLU, UZIU, Mathis & Zatwarnicki 1995]—synonymised by Haliday (1856).

Parydra (Chaetoapnaea) parasocia Clausen & Cook 1971: 83–85 View in CoL ; type-locality: „Sidney, Iowa “; holotype ♂ [ISUI, Clausen & Cook 1971]—synonymised by Mathis & Zatwarnicki (1990).

Material examined: Material: CROATIA: 1♂ 2♀♀, 14.vii.2018, Čikola 2 km w Otavice [43.841°N 16.239°E]; 1♂, 13.vii.2018, Čikola 2.5 km ssw Drniš [43.845°N 16.178°E]; 1♂ 3♀♀, 25.vi.2017, Ðuračica 5 km s Magić Mala [45.133°N 17.596°E]; 1♀, 25.vi.2017, fishponds 2 km s Oriovac [45.147°N 17.747°E]; 1♀, 27.vi.2017, floodplain Danube 2.5 km n Batina [45.864°N 18.837°E]; 3♂♂ 2♀♀, 28.vi.2017, floodplain Danube 3.5 km ne Sarvaš [45.551°N 18.862°E]; 2♂♂ 8♀♀, 28.vi.2017, floodplain Danube n Aljmaš [45.531°N 18.946°E]; 1♀, 28.vi.2017, floodplain Danube n Bijelo Brdo [45.524°N 18.874°E]; 11♂♂ 9♀♀, 29.vi.2017, floodplain Danube n Borovo [45.432°N 18.984°E]; 1♀, 26.vi.2017, floodplain Drava n Bistrinci [45.699°N 18.393°E]; 1♀, 28.vi.2017, floodplain Drava n Kopačevo [45.608°N 18.789°E]; 1♂, 23.vi.2017, floodplain Sava s Suvoj [45.372°N 16.687°E]; 1♀, 19.vii.2018, Krka 0.4 km ese Kovačić [44.041°N 16.233°E]; 1♀, 19.vii.2018, Krka 3.9 km nw Ljubotić [44.009°N 16.036°E]; 2♂♂, 4.vii.2018, Krka n Lozovac [43.802°N 15.966°E]; 1♂, 10.vii.2018, lake Vrana, marsh 4.5 km nne Pakoštane [43.939°N 15.548°E]; 1♂, 23.vi.2017, Lonjsko polje 1.2 km ne Mužilovčica [45.397°N 16.691°E]; 1♀, 6.vii.2018, small marsh 2 km sw Bićine [43.820°N 15.887°E]; GERMANY: 1♂ 1♀, 26.v.2011, Baden-Württemberg, Rhine floodplains nw Plittersdorf [48.889°N 8.153°E]; 1♂, 3.vii.2009, Bavaria, Danube floodplain, NSG „Pillmoos“ ne Straubing [48.900°N 12.593°E]; 1♀, 24.v.2010, Bavaria, Danube floodplain, NSG „Zeller Wörth“ 2 km ne Hofstetten, Straubing [48.907°N 12.635°E]; 1♂, 28.vi.2009, Bavaria, Eibsee, Garmisch Patenkirchen [47.460°N 10.987°E]; 1♂ 1♀, 3.vii.2009, Bavaria, Isarmündung, Deggendorff [48.799°N 12.957°E]; 1♂ 2♀♀, 23.v.2010, Bavaria, sandpit 2 km w Mitterlern (11 km ese Freising) [48.387°N 11.898°E]; 2♂♂ 1♀, 26.vii.2021, Brandenburg, Alte Emster ne Wust [52.417°N 12.623°E]; 1♀, 18.vii.2022, Brandenburg, beach Lochower See [52.685°N 12.446°E]; 2♂♂, 13.viii.2015, Brandenburg, Elbe nw Cumlosen [53.039°N 11.652°E]; 2♂♂, 14.v.2022, Brandenburg, Fauler See sw Brandenburg [52.358°N 12.437°E]; 2♂♂, 13.viii.2015, Brandenburg, ponds Cumlosen [53.027°N 11.651°E]; 2♂♂, 16.vii.2022, Brandenburg, Gördensee s beach [52.429°N 12.487°E]; 1♂, 14.v.2022, Brandenburg, meadows s Pritzerber See [52.486°N 12.471°E]; 1♂, 26.vii.2021, Brandenburg, Havel, 1 km nne Gollwitz [52.429°N 12.650°E]; 4♂♂, 14.v.2022, Brandenburg, Havel nw Kützkow [52.501°N 12.447°E]; 1♂, 16.vii.2022, dito; 1♂ 2♀♀, 18.vii.2022, Brandenburg, Hundswiesen 2 km ne Semlin [52.673°N 12.400°E]; 1♀, 18.vii.2022, Brandenburg, ditches w Wolfsmühle [52.517°N 12.292°E]; 1♂ 1♀, 7.v.2016, Brandenburg, Lunow Stolper Polder close Stützkow [52.990°N 14.174°E]; 1♀, 13.viii.2015, Brandenburg, Mödlich, ponds „Alte Fischerkate“ [53.078°N 11.390°E]; 3♂♂, 17.vii.2022, Brandenburg, northern banks Beetzsee [52.478°N 12.568°E]; 1♂ 1♀, 22.v.2015, Brandenburg, Oder e Vogelsang [52.184°N 14.685°E]; 2♂♂, 26.v.2015, Brandenburg, Oder n Briesnig [51.805°N 14.602°E]; 1♀, 22.v.2015, Brandenburg, Oder n Brieskow-Finkenheerd [52.269°N 14.585°E]; 1♀, 7.v.2016, Brandenburg, Oder close Stolpe [52.962°N 14.143°E]; 1♂ 1♀, 6.v.2016, Brandenburg, Zäckericker Loose [52.796°N 14.238°E]; 2♂♂, 16.vii.2022, Brandenburg, lake e Briest [52.441°N 12.434°E]; 1♂, 14.v.2022, Brandenburg, Seekamp Malge [52.369°N 12.476°E]; 2♂♂, 17.vii.2022, Brandenburg, lakes 1.5 km e Ketzür [52.494°N 12.652°E]; 1♀, 25.v.2015, Brandenburg, Spree e Hartmannsdorf [51.967°N 13.894°E]; 1♂, 18.vii.2022, Brandenburg, Stremme 0.9 km wnw Wilhelminental [52.507°N 12.286°E]; 1♂, 9.viii.2014, Brandenburg, se banks Kolpinsee [52.349°N 12.798°E]; 6♂♂, 26.vii.2021, Brandenburg, swamp e Brandenburg [52.409°N 12.578°E]; 2♂♂, 15.vii.2022, dito; 1♂, 16.vii.2022, Brandenburg, swamp nw Tieckow [52.470°N 12.445°E]; 2♂♂, 16.vii.2022, Brandenburg, ponds Brielow [52.465°N 12.532°E]; 2♂♂ 1♀, 31.vii.2013, Brandenburg, Oder near Gartz [53.205°N 14.383°E]; 1♂ 1♀, 15.v.2022, Brandenburg, Am Streng [52.357°N 12.688°E]; 2♂♂, 9.viii.2014, Brandenburg, meadows nw Netzener See [52.357°N 12.701°E]; 1♀, 15.v.2022, dito; 1♀, 18.vii.2024, Bremen, Pannlake [53.120°N 8.878°E]; 1♀, 24.vii.2019, Bremen, Stadtwald [53.104°N 8.835°E]; 4♂♂ 1♀, 18.vii.2024, Bremen, salt place Rethrihen [53.046°N 8.755°E]; 2♀♀, 14.vi.2007, Bremen, ponds w Neustädter Hafen [53.099°N 8.728°E]; 1♂, 23.vii.2015, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Bugewitz [53.789°N 13.835°E]; 2♂♂, 12.viii.2015, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Elbufer 6.5 km w Boitzenburg [53.375°N 10.624°E]; 1♀, 12.viii.2015, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Elbe Gothmann [53.360°N 10.735°E]; 2♂♂ 3♀♀, 12.viii.2015, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Herrensee 1.4 km s Dömitz [53.120°N 11.273°E]; 1♂, 3.vii.2013, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, island Gormitz [54.033°N 13.926°E]; 1♂, 12.v.2013, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Peene s Gützkow [53.923°N 13.424°E]; 1♀, 25.vii.2015, dito; 3♀♀, 24.vii.2015, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, polder s Klotzow [53.889°N 13.832°E]; 1♀, 5.vi.2016, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Rügen, beach Lietzow [54.481°N 13.507°E]; 1♂, 5.vi.2016, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Rügen, marsh 3 km sw Prora [54.419°N 13.544°E]; 1♂, 9.v.2013, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, banks n Brandshagen [54.255°N 13.192°E]; 1♀, 2.vii.2013, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, pond nw Balm [53.960°N 13.996°E]; 1♀, 11.v.2008, Lower Saxony, sand pit 2 km sw Sumte [53.267°N 10.855°E]; 1♂, 20.iv.2018, Lower Saxony, Achterholz ne Karze [53.318°N 10.707°E]; 1♂, 24.vi.2023, Lower Saxony, Aller e Hönisch [52.919°N 9.221°E]; 1♂, 16.v.2009, Lower Saxony, Aller 1 km nw Bockelskamp [52.587°N 10.140°E]; 1♂, 16.vii.2021, Lower Saxony, Aller 1.5 km ssw Böhme [52.778°N 9.463°E]; 1♂ 2♀♀, 16.v.2009, Lower Saxony, Aschauteiche s B191 2 km ne Eschede [52.748°N 10.266°E]; 2♂♂, 30.iii.2021, Lower Saxony, beach Radegast [53.343°N 10.735°E]; 3♂♂, 2.vi.2024, Lower Saxony, Baltrum, pond 600 m nne Jugendbildungsstätte [53.730°N 7.404°E]; 1♀, 3.vii.2005, Lower Saxony, Beverner Wald [53.438°N 9.216°E]; 2♂♂, 7.vii.2023, Lower Saxony, Bingumgaste, Elsterweg [53.215°N 7.389°E]; 1♀, 8.vi.2003, Lower Saxony, Borkum, dunes [53.609°N 6.765°E]; 1♀, 15.vii.2023, Lower Saxony, Borkum, meadows n airport [53.599°N 6.702°E]; 1♂, 11.iii.2017, Lower Saxony, Ditzumerverlaat, ice skating rink [53.261°N 7.268°E]; 1♂, 13.v.2018, dito; 1♀, 30.viii.2020, Lower Saxony, Dollart, Bohrinsel [53.293°N 7.229°E]; 1♀, 8. iv.2018, Lower Saxony, Dollart, border Netherlands [53.238°N 7.210°E]; 1♀, 28.viii.2004, Lower Saxony, Ubbehausen/B72/Leda [530183°N 7.647°E]; 1♂ 3♀♀, 25.iv.2003, Lower Saxony, Dyksterhusen [53.294°N 7.242°E]; 1♂ 1♀, 9.vi.2005, dito; 1♀, 3.iv.2021, dito; 2♂♂, 17.v.2007, Lower Saxony, Eeste Heimbruch [53.438°N 9.673°E]; 1♀, 20.iv.2018, Lower Saxony, Elbe n Katemin close Neu Darchau [53.236°N 10.876°E]; 1♂ 1♀, 11.v.2008, Lower Saxony, Elbe, Viehle [53.258°N 10.832°E]; 1♂, 7.viii.2008, Lower Saxony, Elbe 2 km n Alt Garge [53.285°N 10.791°E]; 1♂ 1♀, 6.viii.2008, Lower Saxony, Elbe, Damnatz [53.136°N 11.179°E]; 2♀♀, 6.viii.2008, Lower Saxony, Elbe, Fähranlegen Pevestorf [53.076°N 11.451°E]; 1♀, 6.viii.2008, Lower Saxony, Elbe, Gorleben [53.052°N 11.354°E]; 2♀♀, 16.vii.2009, dito; 1♀, 26.v.2017, dito; 1♂, 6.viii.2008, Lower Saxony, Elbe, Jasebeck [53.163°N 11.135°E]; 1♀, 16.vii.2009, dito; 1♀, 6.viii.2008, Lower Saxony, Elbe, Kaltenhof [53.126°N 11.248°E]; 1♀, 16.vii.2009, Lower Saxony, Elbe, Lasse [53.068°N 11.317°E]; 1♂, 15.vii.2009, Lower Saxony, Elbe n Sassendorf [53.358°N 10.571°E]; 2♂♂ 1♀, 10.vi.2018, Lower Saxony, Elbe nw Hitzacker zwischen Mündung Alte Jeetzel und Wasserwerk [53.165°N 11.025°E]; 3♂♂, 30.iii.2021, Lower Saxony, Elbe e Alt Garge [53.264°N 10.809°E]; 1♂, 15.vii.2009, Lower Saxony, Elbe e Barförde, Verwerder [53.364°N 10.664°E]; 1♂, 20.iv.2018, Lower Saxony, Elbe e Garze [53.305°N 10.720°E]; 3♂♂, 8.vi.2018, Lower Saxony, Elbe e Tiessau [53.183°N 10.995°E]; 1♀, 17.v.2020, Lower Saxony, Elbe e Tiessau, Waldstandort [53.177°N 11.006°E]; 1♂, 17.v.2020, Lower Saxony, Elbe e Wussegel [53.136°N 11.080°E]; 1♂, 7.viii.2008, Lower Saxony, Elbe Tiemesland [53.190°N 10.981°E]; 1♂ 1♀, 9.vi.2018, Lower Saxony, Elbe Walmsburg [53.246°N 10.844°E]; 2♂♂, 30.iii.2021, dito; 3♂♂ 1♀, 10.vi.2018, Lower Saxony, Elbe between Hitzacker and Wussegel [53.143°N 11.069°E]; 1♂ 1♀, 17.viii.2008, Lower Saxony, Ems B213, 2 km sw Lingen [52.497°N 7.288°E]; 1♀, 13.v.2005, Lower Saxony, Ems Coldam [53.206°N 7.409°E]; 1♀, 6.vi.2003, Lower Saxony, Ems, Hohegaste [53.260°N 7.403°E]; 1♂, 14.vi.2005, dito; 1♂, 26.v.2024, Lower Saxony, Ems n Emstunnel [53.240°N 7.402°E]; 1♂, 18.v.2024, Lower Saxony, Ems, Pogum [53.320°N 7.254°E]; 1♂, 30.viii.2020, Lower Saxony, Ems, Soltborg [53.230°N 7.402°E]; 1♂ 1♀, 5.iv.2023, dito; 1♀, 16.iii.2003, Lower Saxony, Ems w Nüttermoor [53.269°N 7.405°E]; 1♀, 3.iv.2004, dito; 1♀, 6.v.2006, dito; 2♂♂, 22.viii.2017, dito; 1♂, 15.vii.2009, Lower Saxony, Fähranleger Neu Darchau [53.233°N 10.891°E]; 2♀♀, 24.iv.2004, Lower Saxony, meadows nw Holssel [53.700°N 8.620°E]; 1♀, 23.v.2009, Lower Saxony, fen s NSG "Beierstein" [51.687°N 10.244°E]; 1♀, 28.vii.2018, Lower Saxony, Wieda sw Walkenried [51.579°N 10.616°E]; 1♂, 27.v.2017, Lower Saxony, Gartower See [53.035°N 11.447°E]; 1♂, 31.iii.2021, dito; 1♂ 2♀♀, 29.iv.2007, Lower Saxony, Grosses Giebelmoor [52.508°N 10.940°E]; 1♂ 1♀, 11.v.2024, Lower Saxony, Heerter See (Klärteich III) [52.108°N 10.385°E]; 1♂, 16.iv.2004, Lower Saxony, Ihlower forest [53.404°N 7.452°E]; 1♂, 22.iv.2018, dito; 1♀, 12.v.2008, Lower Saxony, Jeetzel near Seerau [53.002°N 11.168°E]; 1♂, 20.viii.2024, Lower Saxony, Kalihalde Riedel ne Hänigsen [52.493°N 10.106°E]; 1♂ 1♀, 21.viii.2024, Lower Saxony, Kalihalde Sehnde [52.311°N 9.954°E]; 1♂, 23.v.2009, Lower Saxony, swamp Beierfelde [51.698°N 10.248°E]; 1♀, 20.vi.2008, Lower Saxony, sand pit 2 km n Häsefeld [52.998°N 9.172°E]; 1♂, 4.viii.2008, Lower Saxony, sand pit Hollbecker Berg 1 km wsw Heessel [53.671°N 9.104°E]; 1♂ 1♀, 29.vii.2007, Lower Saxony, sand pit Tramm [53.060°N 11.068°E]; 2♂♂ 2♀♀, 9.vi.2018, Lower Saxony, Laascher Insel [53.039°N 11.423°E]; 1♂, 4.iv.2023, Lower Saxony, Leda n Esklum [53.212°N 7.446°E]; 1♂, 27.xi.2022, Lower Saxony, Leer, Evenburgpark [53.230°N 7.494°E]; 1♂, 27.v.2007, Lower Saxony, Leer, forest near sewage treatment plant [53.230°N 7.428°E]; 1♀, 27. vi.2021, Lower Saxony, Leyhörn, 1.9 km nw Greetsiel [53.512°N 7.068°E]; 1♂, 30.iv.2023, Lower Saxony, Lutter n Wassermühle Eldingen [52.690°N 10.335°E]; 1♀, 2.v.2009, Lower Saxony, Marka sw Markhausen [52.923°N 7.827°E]; 1♂, 1.viii.2018, Lower Saxony, „Neuer Teich“ near Zorge [51.651°N 10.629°E]; 2♀♀, 18.ix.2024, dito; 1♂, 15.vii.2009, Lower Saxony, Niedermarschachter Werder [53.421°N 10.359°E]; 1♂, 22.vi.2024, Lower Saxony, Norderney, parc n Marienstrasse [53.706°N 7.152°E]; 1♀, 23.vi.2024, Lower Saxony, Norderney, bog forest Südstrandpolder [53.708°N 7.186°E]; 1♀, 16.v.2004, Lower Saxony, NSG "Borkener Paradies" [52.721°N 7.238°E]; 1♂, 17.viii.2008, Lower Saxony, NSG "Meppener Kuhweide" [52.666°N 7.257°E]; 1♀, 3.viii.2018, Lower Saxony, Oker 1.6 km nnw Altenau [51.816°N 10.438°E]; 1♀, 21.v.2009, Lower Saxony, Oker n Wiedelah [51.972°N 10.582°E]; 1♂, 23.v.2009, Lower Saxony, rainwater retention basin Nettetal e Mechtshausen [51.920°N 10.128°E]; 2♀♀, 27.viii.2024, Lower Saxony, Reihersee s Gebhardshagen [52.096°N 10.347°E]; 1♂, 29.iii.2003, Lower Saxony, Rorichumer Tief near Ayenwolde [53.358°N 7.444°E]; 1♀, 30.iii.2003, Lower Saxony, Rysumer Nacken [53.362°N 7.001°E]; 1♀, 6.v.2006, dito; 1♂ 1♀, 30.iii.2007, dito; 1♂ 1♀, 27.viii.2024, Lower Saxony, salty ditch Salzdahlum near Braunschweig [52.199°N 10.601°E]; 2♂♂, 5.v.2024, Lower Saxony, salt place 1 km sw Volzendorf [52.885°N 11.246°E]; 1♂ 2♀♀, 20.viii.2024, dito; 2♂♂ 2♀♀, 18.vii.2024, Lower Saxony, salt place Ahausen near Rotenburg [53.081°N 9.288°E]; 1♂ 1♀, 21.v.2009, Lower Saxony, salt place Barnstorf [52.101°N 10.809°E]; 1♂ 1♀, 9.v.2024, dito; 1♂ 1♀, 19.viii.2024, Lower Saxony, salt place within Kuhbruch e Mengeborstel [52.925°N 9.794°E]; 4♂♂, 21.viii.2024, Lower Saxony, Klein Oedesse [52.383°N 10.219°E]; 1♂, 28.vii.2007, Lower Saxony, salt place Schreyahn [52.931°N 11.076°E]; 1♀, 28.v.2017, Lower Saxony, sand pit 1 km wnw Stixe [53.211°N 10.998°E]; 1♂, 2.v.2009, Lower Saxony, Thülsfelder Stausee [52.921°N 7.943°E]; 1♀, 1.v.2004, Lower Saxony, Schwinge, Wiepenkathen [53.570°N 9.432°E]; 1♀, 4.v.2008, Lower Saxony, pond s Soltborg [53.229°N 7.390°E]; 1♀, 9.vii.2006, Lower Saxony, forest Einbeck n Teufelsberg 1 km wnw Ammensen [51.910°N 9.839°E]; 1♂, 5.v.2018, Lower Saxony, beach Schillighörn [53.708°N 8.018°E]; 1♀, 4.vi.2005, Lower Saxony, Stückauer Wald 3 km ene Neuhaus [53.302°N 10.993°E]; 1♀, 28.vii.2007, Lower Saxony, swamp Planken [52.916°N 11.416°E]; 1♂ 1♀, 11.v.2024, Lower Saxony, Haverlahwiese [52.104°N 10.324°E]; 1♀, 6.viii.2008, Lower Saxony, Taube Elbe w Penkefitz [53.136°N 11.127°E]; 1♂, 8.viii.2021, Lower Saxony, pond 1.2 km ne Meetschow [53.056°N 11.399°E]; 2♀♀, 24.vi.2023, Lower Saxony, pond 500m se Barnstedt [52.865°N 9.297°E]; 2♂♂, 8.viii.2023, Lower Saxony, pond s Restorf [53.038°N 11.444°E]; 1♂ 1♀, 9.v.2024, Lower Saxony, pond 2 km wnw Grasleben [52.314°N 10.989°E]; 1♀, 24.vi.2023, Lower Saxony, ponds 700m nnw Barnstedt [52.875°N 9.289°E]; 2♀♀, 17.v.2009, Lower Saxony, ponds Hansadamm w Hademstorf [52.714°N 9.621°E]; 2♂♂ 2♀♀, 18.v.2007, Lower Saxony, Thörenwald [53.329°N 9.553°E]; 1♂ 1♀, 16.viii.2009, Lower Saxony, Thülsfelder Stausee, [52.910°N 7.948°E]; 1♂, 1.v.2008, Lower Saxony, Timmeler Meer [53.355°N 7.510°E]; 1♂, 6.vi.2022, Lower Saxony, dry grasland 600m w Roringen [51.559°N 9.996°E]; 1♀, 19.v.2007, Lower Saxony, meadows Oste 1 km s Laumühlen [53.614°N 9.185°E]; 1♂, 25.iv.2009, Lower Saxony, Wangerooge [53.789°N 7.901°E]; 1♂, 3.ix.2021, Lower Saxony, ditch 1.8 km w Ihrhove [53.166°N 7.428°E]; 1♀, 30.iii.2003, Lower Saxony, Wybelsumer Polder [53.341°N 7.104°E]; 1♂, 19.vi.2022, Saarland, Prims ne Schattertriesch [49.471°N 6.860°E]; 2♂♂, 19.vi.2022, Saarland, ponds n Bilsdorf [49.386°N 6.817°E]; 1♂, 19.vi.2022, Saarland, Theel w Knorscheid [49.400°N 6.868°E]; 1♀, 24.vii.2010, Saxony-Anhalt, Elbe 1 km e Werder near Beuster [52.945°N 11.822°E]; 1♀, 6.viii.2011, Saxony-Anhalt, meadows ne Frose close Aschersleben [51.801°N 11.388°E]; 9♂♂ 3♀♀, 3.vi.2011, Saxony-Anhalt, Salzal between Langenbogen und Köllme [51.492°N 11.784°E]; 7♂♂ 3♀♀, 8.viii.2011, dito; 1♀, 28.vi.2010, Saxony-Anhalt, Salziger See n Aselebener Pumpensee [51.479°N 11.681°E]; 13♂♂ 4♀♀, 2.vi.2011, dito; 6♂♂ 1♀, 7.viii.2011, dito; 1♂ 2♀♀, 7.viii.2011, Saxony-Anhalt, Salziger See n Unterröblingen [51.471°N 11.668°E]; 1♂ 3♀♀, 7.viii.2011, Saxony-Anhalt, Salziger See, Igelsumpf [51.470°N 11.6787°E]; 1♂ 1♀, 2.vi.2011, Saxony-Anhalt, Salziger See, Teufe [51.470°N 11.673°E]; 9♂♂, 7.viii.2011, dito; 1♀, 6.viii.2011, Saxony-Anhalt, salt place “Alte Ziegelei“ se Loitsche [52.297°N 11.711°E]; 1♂ 1♀, 3.vi.2011, Saxony-Anhalt, salt place e Teutschenthal Bahnhof [51.465°N 11.779°E]; 1♂ 3♀♀, 6.viii.2011, Saxony-Anhalt, salt place Sülldorf [52.027°N 11.567°E]; 1♀, 8.viii.2011, Saxony-Anhalt, salt place Teutschenthal zw. Kalihalde und B80 [51.472°N 11.765°E]; 1♂, 7.viii.2011, Saxony-Anhalt, Süsser See, beach Aseleben [51.490°N 11.672°E]; 2♂♂, 7.viii.2011, Saxony-Anhalt, Süsser See, salt meadows near Aseleben [51.491°N 11.671°E]; FINLAND: 1♀, 29.vii.2020, Kymenlaakso, harbour Hamina [60.563°N 27.194°E]; 2♂♂, 19.vii.2020, Northern Ostrobothnia, 2.6 km w Varjakka [64.909°N 25.048°E]; 2♂♂ 2♀♀, 20.vii.2020, Northern Ostrobothnia, harbour 2.4 km nne Martinhovi [65.233°N 25.310°E]; FRANCE: 1♀, 1.viii.2019, salt swamp 4 km nwn Gruissan [43.129°N 3.047°E]; 3♂♂, 22.iii.1999, Gard, Aiguess-Mortes, Tour Carbonnière [43.592°N 4.207°E], fauchage sur de la végétation aquatique, leg. M. Martinez; 1♀, 3.vii.2024, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, beach s Lacanau Océan [44.974°N 1.202°W]; 1♀, 9.vii.2024, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Canal des Étangs w Lauros [44.836°N 1.153°W]; 1♂, 10.vii.2024, dito; 1♀, 1.vii.2024, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, harbour Arès [44.764°N 1.150°W]; 1♀, 5.vii.2024, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Lac d’ Hourtin, w shore area [45.164°N 1.070°W]; 2♂♂ 1♀, 30.vi.2024, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Lac de Carcans, ssw shore area [45.066°N 1.108°W]; 1♂, 11.vii.2024, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Lacanau, Canal de la Berle [44.973°N 1.078°W]; 1♂, 8.vii.2024, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Lacanau, n harbour [44.980°N 1.097°W]; 1♂, 28.vi.2024, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, lake north of Étang de Batourtot [44.922°N 1.126°W]; 2♂♂, 3.vii.2024, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Piqueyrot, Lac d’ Hourtin [45.206°N 1.127°W]; GEORGIA: 2♂♂ 2♀♀, 12.vii.2019, Kochki river s Epremovka [41.189°N 43.748°E]; 2♂♂ 1♀, 11.vii.2019, lake Kartsakhi wsw Kartsakhi [41.236°N 43.249°E]; GREECE: 1♀, 26.x.2011, Lesbos, Voulgaris e Gavathas [39.281°N 26.014°E]; 1♀, 26.iv.2011, Rodopi, pond e Lagos [41.003°N 25.175°E]; 1♀, 26.iv.2011, Rodopi, Vosvozis sw Mosaiko [41.076°N 25.174°E]; 1♂, 27.iv.2011, Serres, harbour Mandhraki [41.257°N 23.140°E]; 1♂, 23.iv.2011, Thessaloniki, northern shore Koronia [40.697°N 23.204°E]; 5♂♂ 1♀, 26.iv.2011, Xanthi, Lagune n Lagos [41.011°N 25.092°E]; 4♂♂, 25.iv.2011, Xanthi, riparian forest Nestos w Zilotis [40.91°N 24.788°E]; ITALY: 1♀, 9.iv.2022, Sicily, beach 1.6 km wsw Granelli [36.704°N 15.000°E]; 1♀, 10.iv.2022, Sicily, Fiume Ipari 5.0 km sw Vittoria [36.911°N 14.503°E]; 2♂♂, 14.iv.2022, Sicily, Fiume Irminiio at Lago Santa Rosalia [36.996°N 14.778°E]; 2♂♂ 1♀, 10.iv.2022, Sicily, meadow 4 km ese Scoglitti [36.880°N 14.473°E]; 4♂♂ 4♀♀, 12.iv.2022, Sicily, Reserve Il Biviere [37.025°N 14.346°E]; 3♂♂, 14.iv.2022, Sicily, Torrente Bafarano at Lago Santa Rosalia [36.988°N 14.778°E]; 1♂ 1♀, 14.iv.2022, Sicily, Torrente Gria at Lago Santa Rosalia [36.982°N 14.787°E]; KYRGYZSTAN: 1♂, 21.v.2019, river bed ca. 2.5 km s Ak-Suu [39.874°N 69.372°E]; MOROCCO : 1♂, 24.iii.2016, meadows at Qued Lahlou, Asilah [35.474°N 6.026°W], 0; PORTUGAL: 1♂, 14.ix.2011, Aveiro, Estarreja, Canelas [40.717°N 8.567°W], leg. R. Andrade, coll. PRA; 1♀, 21.x.2011, dito; 1♀, 2.viii.2022, Beja, Mértola, Mértola [37.617°N 7.650°W], leg. R. Andrade, coll. PRA; 1♂, 6.x.2015, Bragança, Vimioso, Algoso [41.450°N 6.583°W], leg. R. Andrade, coll. PRA; 1♀, 15.v.2018, dito; 16♂♂ 22♀♀, 5.vi.2013, Coimbra, Coimbra, Arzila [40.179°N 8.555°W], leg. R. Andrade, coll. PRA; 1♀, 24.vii.2013, dito; 2♀♀, 8.v.2013, Coimbra, Coimbra, Sé Nova [40.200°N 8.417°W], leg. A. Gonçalves, coll. PRA; 1♂, 27.iii.2018, Faro, beach 6.7 km e Tavira [37.149°N 7.571°W]; 1♂, 19.iii.2018, Faro, coastal lake 2.2 km ese Armação de Pêra [37.099°N 8.335°W]; 1♂, 28.iii.2018, Faro, creek 4 km nw Monte Gordo [37.200°N 7.489°W]; 1♂ 1♀, 26.iii.2018, Faro, marsh 3.9 km s Azinhal [37.249°N 7.464°W]; 2♂♂, 18.iii.2018, Faro, marsh s Lagoa [37.128°N 8.454°W]; 1♂, 26.iii.2018, Faro, salt marsh 2.0 km ene Monte Francisco [37.240°N 7.428°W]; 1♂ 1♀, 21.ix.2012, Leiria, Caldas da Rainha, Tornada [39.448°N 9.135°W], leg. R. Andrade, coll. PRA; 2♂♂ 2♀♀, 5.viii.2013, Santarém, Golegã, Golegã [39.394°N 8.534°W], leg. A. Gonçalves, coll. PRA; 1♂, 11.vii.2020, Santarém, Tomar, Além da Ribeira [39.650°N 8.417°W], leg. R. Andrade & A. Gonçalves, coll. PRA; 1♂, 24.iii.2018, Setúbal, creek bank 9.2 km se Alcácer do Sal [38.311°N 8.432°W]; 5♂♂, 24.iii.2018, Setúbal, rice fields 1.5 km ese São Romão do Sado [38.251°N 8.359°W]; 10♂♂ 1♀, 24.iii.2018, Setúbal, rice fields 12.8 km se Alcácer do Sal [38.288°N 8.405°W]; 1♂, 24.iii.2018, Setúbal, rice fields 2.7 km ene Xarraminha [38.248°N 8.299°W]; 4♂♂, 24.iii.2018, Setúbal, rice fields s Barrosinha [38.358°N 8.483°W]; 1♂, 22.iii.2018, Setúbal, rice fields w Comporta [38.382°N 8.794°W]; 1♂ 3♀♀, 24.iii.2018, Setúbal, river marsh 2.4 km ese Alcácer do Sal [38.367°N 8.538°W]; 1♂ 1♀, 22.iii.2018, Setúbal, salt marsh 9.5 km ssw Melides [38.073°N 8.789°W]; RUSSIA: 1♀, 9–13.vii.2021, Republic of Mordovia, 2 km north-west of Ivanovka village [54.673°N 42.828°E], 2 km north-west of Ivanovka village, yellow pan traps, leg. M. N. Esin; 1♂, 17–22.vii.2023, Republic of Mordovia, 3km north-west of Bogdanovka village [54.318°N 44.327°E], 3km north-west of Bogdanovka village, yellow pan traps, leg. M. N. Esin; 1♂, 1–06.ix.2023, Republic of Mordovia, Mordovia State Nature Reserve, Pushta settlement, pond [54.706°N 43.223°E], Mordovia State Nature Reserve, Pushta settlement, pond, yellow pan traps, leg. Tomkovich K; 1♀, 16–20.vii.2021, Republic of Mordovia, Telimerki village [54.736°N 42.788°E], Telimerki village, yellow pan traps, leg. M. N. Esin

Diagnosis: A difficult species, although typical specimens are quite striking. It is recognised by the lack of distinct markings on the wings which are almost entirely hyaline. Similarly, almost hyaline wings can be found in Parydra s. str., P. minor and immature specimens of P. pubera . Parydra s. str. and P. pubera can be ruled out based on the characters of the subgenus and as described in the key. Immature specimens can usually be recognised as such due to their pale appearance and underdeveloped sclerotization. Identification of such specimens may not be possible without examination of the male terminalia. Parydra minor can be distinguished using the characters presented in the key though intermediate specimens can occur. The preparation of the male terminalia or the sternites is necessary in these cases. The sternites of P. fossarum are hardly sclerotised with only a few strongly sclerotised patches. In P. minor the larger sternites are entirely and strongly sclerotised. Males of P. fossarum are recognised by their terminalia with the phallus having a long and distinct ventral keel in dorsal view ( Fig. 52 View FIGURES 52–55 ), lacking an apical notch, and with the tip of phallus cut straight off in lateral view ( Fig. 54 View FIGURES 52–55 ). The postgonite has a sharp lateral projection in dorsal view ( Fig. 55 View FIGURES 52–55 ).

Taxonomy: The interpretation of this species is discussed in Stuke (2023).

Distribution in Europe: Parydra fossarum has been confused with P. minor in previous works and the interpretation of literature records is difficult. For this reason, verified records listed above are shown in Fig. 103 View FIGURES 101–104 . However, it is widely distributed in Europe and one of the most common European Parydra ( Fig. 110 View FIGURES 109–112 ). There are no obvious distributional borders recorded in Europe. In Scandinavia it occurs at least north to 66°N. Outside of Europe it is recorded from Morocco and Kyrgyzstan. Mathis & Zatwarnicki (1990) show it to have a Holarctic distribution. A record from the Democratic Republic of Congo by Séguy (1934) should be checked carefully.

Biology: Parydra fossarum can be found in many different types of wetlands. Recorded habitats include lake and river shores, saline wetlands, wet meadows, springs and small streams. Typical habitats are densely vegetated, but it can also be found in sparsely vegetated habitats. Adults of this polyvoltine species have been recorded from March to October. Stigmatomyces trianguliapicalis has been reported to grow on P. fossarum ( Majewski 1972, Rossi & Cesari Rossi 1979, Rossi & Christiane 2020).