Panegyrtes macareno, Vlasak & Santos-Silva, 2025

Panegyrtes macareno sp. nov.

( Figs 90–95 View FIGURES 90–95 )

Description. Female holotype. Integument mostly dark brown; ventral mouthparts light reddish brown; anteclypeus yellowish brown close to postclypeus, reddish brown close to labrum; labrum reddish brown, lighter anteriorly; basal region of antennomeres V–VIII dark reddish brown; basal region of antennomeres IX–XI orange. Apex of tarsomeres V and inner surface of lobes of tarsomeres III dark reddish brown, and ventral surface of tarsomeres V brown.

Head. Frons abundantly, shallowly, finely punctate; with abundant dull yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, pubescence slightly denser superiorly close to eyes; with one long, erect dark-brown setae close to eyes. Vertex with dense dull yellowish-brown pubescence, except glabrous median groove and area close to prothorax. Area behind eyes with abundant dull yellowish-brown pubescence close to eyes, pubescent area gradually widened toward inferior region, glabrous close to prothorax. Genae 0.7 times length of inner margin of lower eye lobe in frontal view; with abundant dull yellowish-brown pubescence partially obscuring integument, except glabrous apex; with a few long, erect dark-brown setae interspersed. Wide central area of postclypeus with pubescence as on frons, pubescence slightly sparser close to anteclypeus; with one long, erect dark-brown seta on each side near frons and a few long yellowish-brown setae directed forward close to anteclypeus. Sides of postclypeus glabrous. Labrum with sparse yellowish-white pubescence on posterior half, absent on anterior half; with short fringe of yellowish-brown setae on anterior margin; with transverse row of long, erect, thick dark-brown setae on posterior third, and long, erect yellowish-brown setae on anterior 2/3. Antennal tubercles with abundant dull yellowish-brown pubescence. Gulamentum mostly glabrous. Upper eye lobes with four rows of ommatidia (five on inner area of left eye); distance between upper eye lobes 0.32 times distance between outer margins of eyes; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.55 times distance between outer margins of eyes. Antennae 1.35 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at middle of antennomere XI. Scape with abundant light yellowish-brown pubescence, appearing more yellowish white depending on light intensity and source; with long, erect, thick dark-brown setae on apical 2/3 of ventral surface; apical cicatrix not projected on outer apex. Pedicel with abundant yellowish-white pubescence, except brownish pubescence on outer surface; with long, erect, thick dark-brown setae ventrally. Antennomere III with abundant whitish pubescence ventrally, most of basal 2/3 of inner and dorsal surfaces, and abundant brown pubescence on remaining surface; with long, erect, thick dark-brown setae on ventral surface. Antennomeres IV–IX with abundant whitish pubescence ventrally and on anterior region of dorsal surface, the latter gradually shorter toward IX, remaining surface with abundant dark-brown pubescence; with long, erect, thick dark-brown setae ventrally, gradually sparser toward IX. Antennomeres X–XI with whitish pubescence on basal third and abundant brown pubescence on remaining surface. All flagellomeres with sparse, short, slender yellowish setae interspersed throughout.Antennal formula based on length of antennomere III: scape = 1.00; pedicel = 0.22; IV = 0.95; V = 0.91; VI = 0.82; VII = 0.74; VIII = 0.69; IX = 0.65; X = 0.61; XI = 0.69.

Thorax. Prothorax wider than long; sides divergent from anterolateral angles to just after middle, slightly sinuous on anterior quarter, convergent to posterior quarter, then parallel-sided toward posterolateral angles. Pronotum abundantly, finely punctate; posterior sulcus distinct; with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence partially obscuring integument except one circular dark-brown pubescent macula on each side of middle located on anterior third, one subelliptical dark-brown pubescent macula centrally, from about middle to posterior quarter, sinuous row of dark-brown pubescent spots, from near posterior sulcus close to central region to lateral region on anterior quarter, and subglabrous spots laterally near widest prothoracic area; with a few long, erect dark-brown setae on posterior quarter. Sides of prothorax with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence partially obscuring integument, with dark-brown pubescent spots interspersed. Prosternum with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence partially obscuring integument laterally and abundant yellowish-white pubescence centrally not obscuring integument. Prosternal process widely concave laterally, strongly widened apically, depressed posterocentrally close to apex; with abundant whitish pubescence partially obscuring integument, except sparser yellowish-brown pubescence on depressed area; narrowest area 0.4 times procoxal width. Mesoventrite with moderately sparse whitish pubescence centrally close to mesoventral process, sparse yellowish-brown pubescence on remaining central region, and dense yellowish-brown pubescence laterally. Mesanepisterna, mesepimera, metanepisterna, and sides of metaventrite with dense yellowish-brown pubescence; remaining surface of metaventrite with abundant whitish pubescence not obscuring integument. Mesoventral process widely longitudinally concave centrally; apex concave; with abundant whitish pubescence not obscuring integument, pubescence denser and longer laterally and apically; narrowest area slightly narrower than mesocoxal width. Scutellum with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, yellower on margins. Elytra. Sides gradually convergent toward apex; apex obliquely truncate, with outer and sutural angles rounded; dorsal area close to base with yellowish-brown pubescence, remaining basal half with dense straw-colored pubescence, except small, irregular dark-brown pubescent macula on dorsal base, located between scutellum and humerus, with moderately large dark-brown pubescent spots interspersed; with wide, oblique light-brown pubescent band about middle, ascending from near suture to near epipleural margin, with its anterior and posterior margins sinuous, and moderately large dark-brown pubescent spots interspersed; posterior third with dense straw-colored pubescence, slightly lighter than on anterior half, except large dark-brown pubescent macula (same color as the dark-brown pubescent spots) from near suture to near epipleural margin, narrowed on its innermost region, with dark-brown pubescent spots interspersed on light pubescent area, some anastomosed near apex; with long, erect dark-brown setae throughout. Legs. Pro- and mesocoxae with abundant whitish pubescence; metacoxae with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence on their outer surface and abundant whitish pubescence on their inner surface. Trochanters with abundant whitish pubescence. Femora with abundant whitish pubescence basally, ventrally, on most of inner surface, and on part of femoral peduncle on outer surface; remaining surface with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence. Tibiae with dense yellowish-white pubescence, yellower on basal quarter, except apical half of outer surface and dorsal surface of protibiae with sparser yellowish-brown pubescence, apical 2/3 of ventral surface of all tibiae with dense, bristly yellowish-brown pubescence, appearing lighter or darker depending on light intensity and source, and apical half of dorsal surface of mesotibiae mostly with abundant, bristly dark-brown pubescence; with a few long, erect dark-brown setae dorsally and laterally on all tibiae; and moderately abundant, short, erect dark-brown setae interspersed on apical 2/3 of ventral surface of meso- and metatibiae. Dorsal surface of tarsomeres I–IV with moderately abundant whitish pubescence not obscuring integument; V with moderately abundant dark yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument; all tarsomeres with a few long dark-brown setae laterally; metatarsomere I slightly shorter than II–III together; metatarsomere V about as long as I–III together.

Abdomen. Ventrites with dense yellowish-brown pubescence, slightly sparser centrally, except irregular brownish pubescent macula on each side of anterior half of ventrite 1 and 5, and whitish pubescence centrally on ventrite 5; ventrite 5 with long, erect dark-brown setae interspersed on posterior 2/3; apex of ventrite 5 truncate.

Dimensions (mm). Total length, 8.10; prothoracic length, 1.40; anterior prothoracic width, 1.55; posterior prothoracic width, 1.80; maximum prothoracic width, 2.00; humeral width, 2.50; elytral length, 6.10.

Type specimen. Female holotype from ECUADOR, Loja: Vicinity of Macará , 700 m, at UV light, 20–24 Feb 2024, J. Vlasak leg. ( MZSP, formerly JVCO) .

Etymology. The name “ macareno ” refers to the type locality.

Remarks. Panegyrtes macareno sp. nov. is similar to P. bifasciatus Breuning, 1940 ( Figs 96–97 View FIGURES 96–101 ), but differs as follows: dark elytral spots large; pronotum with dark pubescent maculae and spots; and mesoventral process concave. In P. bifasciatus , the dark elytral spots are distinctly smaller, the pronotum does not have dark maculae or spots, and the mesoventral process is convex. It differs from P. fasciatus Galileo & Martins, 1995 ( Figs 98–99 View FIGURES 96–101 ) by the elytral base without large dark pubescent area (present in P. fasciatus ), and the upper eye lobes with four rows of ommatidia (six in P. fasciatus ); and from P. scutellatus Galileo & Martins, 1995 ( Figs 100–101 View FIGURES 96–101 ) by the prothorax without distinct protuberance laterally (present in P. scutellatus ), the upper eye lobes with four rows of ommatidia (six in P. scutellatus ), and the circum-scutellar region of the elytra without dark pubescence (with dark pubescence in P. scutellatus ).

Updated key to species of Panegyrtes (adapted from Galileo & Martins 1995)

1. Elytral dorsal punctures on median third close together and arranged in longitudinal rows. Brazil ( Bahia, Minas Gerais and Goiás)................................................................ P. striatopunctatus Breuning, 1940 View in CoL

- Elytral dorsal punctures not arranged in rows............................................................ 2

2(1). Cicatrix of scape projecting on outer side of apex......................................................... 3

- Cicatrix of scape not projecting on outer side of apex...................................................... 4

3(2). Metatibiae without long erect setae. Bolivia ( Santa Cruz)........................ P. clarkei Galileo & Martins, 2007 View in CoL

- Metatibiae with long erect setae on margin. Brazil ( Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Paraná)..................................................................... P. pseudolactescens Breuning, 1974 View in CoL

4(2). Mesoventral process gibbose. Bolivia, Brazil ( Bahia, Minas Gerais, and Rio de Janeiro), and Paraguay........................................................................................ P. bifasciatus Breuning, 1940 View in CoL

- Mesoventral process not tumid....................................................................... 5

5(4). Elytral apex with a small area covered by dark pubescence. Bolivia ( Santa Cruz)..... P. apicalis Martins & Galileo, 2005

- When present, elytral maculae with dark pubescence not occupying the apex................................... 6

6(5). Flagellomeres mostly covered with whitish pubescence, except apical ones, which are predominantly covered with dark pubescence. French Guiana and Brazil ( Pará)............................... P. davidsoni Martins & Galileo, 1998 View in CoL

- Basal and apical flagellomeres with a different pubescent pattern............................................ 7

7(6). Flagellomeres IV–XI with basal region covered with whitish pubescence...................................... 8

- Flagellomeres IV–XI with unicolorous pubescence...................................................... 13

8(7). Sides of prothorax without central gibbosity; elytra with small and sparse dark spots (distance between them more than three times diameter of a spot). Bolivia and Brazil (Amazonas)........................ P. varicornis Breuning, 1940 View in CoL

- Sides of prothorax with central gibbosity; elytra with dark spots surrounding punctures or areas with dark pubescent... 9

9(8). Elytra only with dark pubescent circular spots. Brazil ( Bahia and Espírito Santo)................................................................................................ P. maculatissimus Galileo & Martins, 1995 View in CoL

- Elytra with dark pubescent bands and circular spots...................................................... 10

10(9). Elytral anterior sixth not entirely covered with dark pubescence............................................ 11

- Elytral anterior sixth entirely covered with dark pubescence............................................... 12

11(10). Circum-scutellar area of elytra without large dark pubescent area. Ecuador..................... P. macareno sp. nov.

- Circum-scutellar area of elytra with large dark pubescent area. Brazil ( Bahia and Minas Gerais)....................................................................................... P. scutellatus Galileo & Martins, 1995 View in CoL

12(10). Scutellum covered with yellowish pubescence; each elytron with a dark lateral macula on middle and transverse dark macula on apical quarter. Brazil ( Espírito Santo)............................. P. fasciatus Galileo & Martins, 1995 View in CoL

- Scutellum with dark pubescence; elytra without dark pubescent macula on middle and apical third with only dark circular spots. Brazil ( Espírito Santo).............................................. P. basalis Galileo & Martins, 1995

13(7). Elytral punctures surrounded by a glabrous spot......................................................... 14

- Elytral punctures surrounded by pubescence which may or may not form a spot................................ 15

14(13). Elytra short (length 2.38 times humeral width); pronotal pubescence whitish and coarse. Colombia ( Magdalena and Bolivar)............................................................... P. porosus Galileo & Martins, 1993 View in CoL

- Elytra long (length 2.68 times humeral width); pronotal pubescence yellowish and fine. Bolivia ( Santa Cruz) and Brazil ( Rondônia)........................................................... P. delicatus Galileo & Martins, 1995 View in CoL 15(13). Elytral setae on posterior half twice length of pedicel; some elytral spots anastomosed. Brazil ( Minas Gerais)............................................................................... P. crinitus Galileo & Martins, 1995 View in CoL

- Elytral setae on posterior half shorter than pedicel; elytral spots not anastomosed............................... 16

16(15). Antennae (male) as long as body; setae of antennomere III shorter than width of antennomere. Brazil ( Goiás, Bahia, Minas Gerais, and São Paulo)................................................... P. sparsepunctatus Breuning, 1940 View in CoL

- Antennae (male) longer than body; setae of antennomere III longer than width of antennomere.................... 17

17(16). Punctures on anterior half of elytra not surrounded by dark pubescence; laterocentral area of elytra darkened; procoxae in male without differentiated pubescence on inner side. Bolivia (Santa Cruz) and Brazil ( Goiás and Rio de Janeiro)................................................................................. P. lactescens Thomson, 1868 View in CoL

- All elytral punctures surrounded by dark pubescent spot; laterocentral area of elytra not darkened; procoxae in male with circular dense pubescent area on inner side. Brazil ( Bahia)..................... P. fraternus Galileo & Martins, 1995 View in CoL

Note: Panegyrtes View in CoL is masculine in gender. Therefore, the species-group names of P. apicale View in CoL and P. basale View in CoL are corrected accordingly: P. apicalis and P. basalis .

FORSTERIINI Tippmann, 1960