Cinnamomum grandifolium Cammerl.

7. Cinnamomum grandifolium Cammerl. View in CoL — Map 3 View Map 3

Cinnamomum grandifolium Cammerl. (1925) 477; Kosterm. (1964) 298. — Type: Jaheri 533 (holo BO; iso L), West Kalimantan, Sungai Bulu .

Treelet to 5 m tall. Bark smooth, greyish brown. Twigs stout, thick, terete, c. 5 mm diam, apically quadrangular, glabrous, dark brown. Terminal buds not perulate, glabrous, c. 5 mm long. Leaves opposite, triplinerved, coriaceous, glabrous below; blade without domatia, elliptic (young leaves) to oblong-elliptic (mature leaves), 35–48 by 14– 21 cm, base cuneate, apex tapered, often gnawed; midrib glossy and prominently raised on both sides, 1–1.5 mm broad, lateral veins glossy and prominently raised on both sides, extending to the leaf apex, slightly looping and joining near margin; major intercostal veins distinctly raised below, glossy, as prominent as midrib, subscalariform, c. 5–15 mm apart; minor intercostal veins indistinct, reticulate; petioles stout 1–3 cm long, cylindrical, flattish or slightly grooved above. Inflorescences subterminal, stout, paniculate-cymose with second order branching, many-flowered, glabrous, c. 40 cm long; rachis c. 2 mm broad, glabrous. Flowers glabrous; pedicels 1–3 mm long; hypanthium to 0.5 mm high; perianth lobes coriaceous, ovate, c. 2 mm long, outer surface glabrous with fimbriate margins, inner surface covered with appressed hairs; fertile stamens c. 1.5 mm long, anthers 2-locular, oblong with truncate tip; staminodes c. 1 mm long, broadly hastate; glands reniform, attached to the middle of the filaments; ovary globose, c. 1 mm diam, stigma peltate. Fruits ellipsoid, c. 2 by 1 cm; cupule funnel-shaped, deep, c. 7 mm high, c. 1 cm diam, glabrous; perianth lobes persistent, triangular, c. 2 mm high; pedicel c. 1 cm long, obconical, c. 5 mm diam at apex.

Distribution — Endemic to Borneo: Sarawak (Lawas and Marudi districts) and West Kalimantan.

Habitat & Ecology — Lowland species.

Vernacular name — Temale (Murut).

Uses — A root decoction is used to treat stomach ache.

Note — This species which is collected from Lawas and Marudi districts ( S 32789 View Materials and S 91386 View Materials ) is a new record for Sarawak. It is a remarkable species with enormous leaves and is often confused with another large leaf species, C. kerangas . However, C. grandifolium differs from C. kerangas in having 2-locular anthers (vs 4-locular), glabrous leaf (vs sparsely and minutely hairy), distinctly raised and glossy intercostal veins (vs faint) and funnel-shaped cupule (vs cup-shaped).