Cinnamomum lawang Kosterm.

12. Cinnamomum lawang Kosterm. View in CoL — Map 4 View Map 4

Cinnamomum lawang Kosterm.(1970b) 50, excl.specim. bb 29036. — Type: Budding bb 28100 (lecto BO,here designated;iso L, SING), West Kalimantan,Melawi,Betoeng,Tengkoejoeng,alt. 450 m, 24 Nov.1939. — Syntypes: Budding bb 28100 (BO,L), West Kalimantan, Tjatit, 11 May 1939; bb 24534 (BO, L), West Kalimantan, Lamas .

Tree to 27 m tall, to 72 cm diam. Twigs apically distinctly quadrangular, stout, glabrous, 2– 3 mm diam. Terminal buds not perulate, conical, 5 –7 mm long, densely covered with straight appressed hairs. Leaves opposite or subopposite, trinerved, chartaceous to thickly coriaceous, glabrous below, or young leaves covered with straight appressed hairs but soon becoming glabrescent; blade not bullate, without domatia, elliptic to broadly elliptic, 10– 20 by 4.5 –8.5 cm, base cuneate, apex acute; midrib raised on both sides, to 1 mm broad; lateral veins raised on both sides, extending to the leaf tip; major intercostal veins slender, scalariform, 2 –3 mm apart, less prominent than midrib; minor intercostal veins indistinct, reticulate; petioles stout, flat or shallowly grooved above, 1.5 –2 cm long, c. 2 mm diam. Inflorescences terminal, paniculate-cymose with second order branching, c. 12 cm long, densely brownish hairy; rachis 1–1.5 mm broad. Flowers (immature) brownish hairy; pedicel rather thick, obconical, c. 3 mm long, c. 1 mm diam; hypanthium c. 1 mm long; perianth lobes (immature) coriaceous, ovate, 2 – 3 mm long; fertile stamens c. 2 mm long, anthers 4-locular, ovoid, filaments c. 1/2 the length of the stamen; glands sessile, attached at the base of filaments; staminodes c. 1 mm long, sagittate; ovary subglobose, c. 1 mm across, stigma peltate. Fruits ellipsoid, to 1.5 by 1 cm; cupule funnel-shaped, thick, 0.8 cm high, 1 cm diam, hairy; perianth lobes persistent, ovate, large, 5–7 by 5 mm, not plicate, thickly coriaceous; pedicel obconical, short, terete in cross-section, c. 1.5 cm long, 1–2 mm diam.

Distribution — Endemic to Borneo: Sarawak (Sri Aman district) and West Kalimantan.

Habitat & Ecology — In lowland forest. Vernacular names — Balong, Lawang (both Malay). Uses — The fruits are highly esteemed by Dayak women for perfumery. Information extracted from herbarium label ( Hewitt s.n.) indicated that the fruits are used for bead in jewellery in Sri Aman district, Saribas, Sarawak.

Notes — 1. This species is a new record for Sarawak collected from Sri Aman district ( Hewitt s.n., Aug 1908). It shares with C. crassinervium the same type of enlarged fleshy fruit cupule but differs in having distinctly stout and quadrangular apical twigs (vs less angular), 4-locular stamens (vs 2-locular), cupule perianth lobes not plicate (vs plicate) and fruit pedicel terete in cross-section (vs triangular) .

2. In the protologue, Kostermans (1970b) cited two different specimens collected from Tengkoejoeng on 24 Nov. 1939 and Tjatit on 11 May 1939 but both bearing the same collection number bb 28100. In this paper, the specimen bb 28100 from Tengkoejoeng is designated as the lectotype.