Truljaliina, Yuen & Chen & Yuen & Liu & Leung & Ko & Chan & Somani & Herrmann & Jung & Tokas & Croghan & Traxer & Chiu & Chew & Teoh & Gauhar & Li & Ng, 2020

Subtribe Truljaliina View in CoL subtrib. nov.

Type genus Truljalia Gorochov, 1985 (Southeast Asia), gender feminine.

Diagnosis. General appearance very diverse. Male genitalia with epiphallus divided into three lobes: plate-like dorsal lobe usually having a pair of hooks or small hook-like projections on ventral surface or in apical part ( Figs 21, 23, 25, 27, 29); a pair of lateral lobes usually represented by elongate sclerotised structures (epiphallic ectoparameres), which directed backwards and articulated with previous lobe or connected with it by narrow sclrerotised ribbons ( Figs 23, 27, 29) (but sometimes these paired lobes widely fused with epiphallic dorsal lobe). Rachis (= guiding rod) in these genitalia very large, semimembranous or partly membranous, usually high and with obtuse apex (but sometimes moderately low and with hook-like apex), and often with a pair of sclerotised lobules (rachial ectoparameres) more or less articulated with rachis ( Figs 22, 23, 26, 27, 29). Spermatophores known to us with rath- er long and S-shaped tubular part having apical portion slightly thickened, subapical portion (tube) thin and moderately long, middle portion with semitransparent lobes (ancora = attachment plate), and basal portion (neck) thin and moderately short as well as connecting all these portions with almost globular ampulla ( Figs 24, 28).

Composition. Type genus; “ Dolichogryllus ” generic group with Dolichogryllus Bolivar, 1910 , Acrophonus Bolivar, 1910 , Eumadasumma Chopard, 1934 , Pachyaphonus Chopard, 1954 , Afrotruljalia Gorochov, 2005 , Hemitruljalia Gorochov, 2005 , Pseudotruljalia Gorochov, 2005 and Depressotrella Gorochov, 2005 (Africa); probably Madasumma Walker, 1869 ( India and Tibet); possibly Homalotrypus Brancsik, 1895 and Rupilius Stål, 1876 (Africa). It is necessary to note that all the genera of “ Dolichogryllus ” generic group are closely related to each other, and this group is a sister group to Truljalia . Madasumma also seems relat- ed to these genera, but its dorsal epiphallic lobe is without characteristic hooks (or their traces) and fused with the epiphallic ectoparameres; however, the homology of these ectoparameres is problematic, because they may be homologous to the true hooks of the dorsal epiphallic lobe, and the rachial ectoparameres of Madasumma may be homologous to the true epiphallic ectoparameres; thus, the belonging of this genus to this subtribe is in need of examination (in OSF, numerous species from different regions are erroneously included in this genus, but in reality Madasumma contains two or three species only; Gorochov, 2002).

Comparison. From the other taxa of Podoscirtini , the new subtribe is distinguished by the above-mentioned features of the male genitalia, especially by a plate-like dorsal epiphallic lobe (having or usually having a pair of ventral or apical hooks) in combination with a very large rachis.