Kalanchoe

Kalanchoe View in CoL [subg. Bryophyllum sect. Invasores ] ser. Vilana Shtein & Smith (2021a: 107).

Type:— Kalanchoe beauverdii Hamet (1907: 887) ( Fig. 4 View FIGURE 4 ), designated by Shtein & Smith (2021a: 107).

Included taxa (including the type species) in alphabetical sequence, with, if applicable, autonymic varieties not listed:—Four species. [1] Kalanchoe beauverdii Hamet (1907: 887) , [1.1] K. beauverdii var. juelii (Raymond-Hamet & Perrier de la Bâthie 1914: 135) Smith & Figueiredo (2019b: 119) , [1.2] K. beauverdii var. pertinax Shtein & Smith (2021a: 109) , [2] K. costantinii Hamet (1907: 889) , [2.1] K. costantinii var. unguifera Shtein & Smith (2021a: 111) , [3] K. guignardii Hamet & Perrier de la Bâthie (1912: 368) , [3.1] K. guignardii var. schistopetala Shtein & Smith (2021a: 112) , and [4] K. scandens Perrier de la Bâthie (1928: 28) .

Diagnosis:—The taxa included in K. ser. Vilana differ from the other taxa included in K. sect. Invasores, i.e., those included in K. ser. Invasores, K. ser. Fruticosa , and K. ser. Herbacea , by a combination of characters, including that they are perennial and have a climbing, scrambling habit; by having basally woody, hard-wiry stems; by being phyllo-bulbiliferous and bulbil production being constitutive; by carrying single-tipped spinules between the petiole bases in a leaf pair; by the petiole being basally broadened, and often somewhat amplexicaul; by the corolla being funnelform to funnelform-campanulate; and by the free corolla segments being at least as long as or longer than the corolla tube.

Description:—Perennial, climbing to scrambling, entirely glabrous, non-pruinose, non-tomentose succulent plants. Stems basally somewhat woody, hard-wiry, thin, flexuose, enlarged at internodes, with single-tipped spinules formed between petiole bases in each leaf pair. Leaves decussate, broadest at base, sessile to petiolate, simple to lobed, curved towards the stem at maturity, apical portion often rolled under to assist climbing; petiole subcylindrical if petiolate, at least somewhat amplexicaul; blade symmetrical, linear to oblong or ovate, sometimes cordate, or trilobate-hastate; base amplexicaul if sessile or attenuate to peltate if petiolate; margins crenate to ± subentire; apex acute to obtuse; bulbil production constitutive. Inflorescence a few-flowered cyme, leaning to drooping, not flori-bulbiliferous; peduncle indistinct, decurved to pendant; pedicels of equal diam. throughout. Flowers tetramerous, pendent to omnidirectional, glabrous, papery when dry, leaf-like bracts succulent, prominent, persisting for a long time; calyx shorter than corolla, forming a tube, tube often as long as free portion or much shorter; sepals substantially fused, free portion lanceolate to ovate-triangular, acute-tipped; corolla pale green, grey-green, brown, or bluish purple, funnelform to funnelform-campanulate, flaring basally, unconstricted higher up; lobes obovate to ovate to somewhat subcircular, acute to rounded, at least as long as the corolla tube, usually longer, flared open towards mouth. Stamens 8, inserted low down in corolla tube, at ± just above lower level of carpels, included or exerted, exceeding corolla tube; filaments of two similar lengths, thin; anthers purplish black, ovoid to hastate, visible at corolla mouth between corolla lobes. Pistil consisting of 4 carpels; carpels oblong, bulged in the middle, attenuating towards styles; styles uniformly dull green or reddish purple; stigmas very slightly capitate, dark green; nectar scales shorter than wide, free, slightly incurved, somewhat variable, ± horizontally rectangular, basally broadest, tapering upwards, slightly tooth-like indented above. Chromosome numbers: 2 n = 34 ( Smith 2022b: 159, 162, 168).