Neandrothrips pictipes (Bagnall), 2025

Neandrothrips pictipes (Bagnall) comb. nov.

( Figs 236–237 View FIGURES 236–245 , 246–256 View FIGURES 246–256 )

Haplothrips pictipes Bagnall, 1919: 273 View in CoL .

Xylaplothrips pictipes (Bagnall) ; Pitkin, 1976: 274.

Mesandrothrips pictipes (Bagnall) View in CoL ; Mound & Tree, 2019: 332 View Cited Treatment .

This species was originally described from Malabar, southern India. Subsequently, it has recorded from China ( Dang et al., 2020), Malaysia, Sarawak, Timor Leste, Hong Kong and Australia ( Mound & Tree, 2019). In addition, it is newly recorded here from Singapore, Indonesia (Java, Bali, Flores and Sulawesi), Thailand, Vietnam, the Philippines and Taiwan, based on a long series of specimens. In consequence, this species is widely distributed from India to Taiwan, but the distribution does not extend to the Ryukyu Islands, southern Japan, so far.

More than 500 specimens have been studied, and these show somewhat conjoined intraspecific variation in color and structure between local populations as well as even within the same population. The tibiae are variable in color, largely yellowish to largely brownish. The lateral pair of setae on the mesonotum are variable in form and length, short and acute to long and expanded. The postero-lateral setae S2 on abdominal tergite VI are usually expanded, but sometimes pointed. Large males usually have an inner small spherical tubercle at the extreme base of enlarged fore femur ( Fig. 256 View FIGURES 246–256 ), but large males from Vietnam and Peninsular Malaysia do not have this tubercle. Moreover, the male pseudovirgae are different in shape between local populations. At this time, it is difficult to know whether or not these local populations contain additional distinct species. However, the position of the median pair of setae on the metanotum and the length of the posteromarginal setae S1 and S2, as well as the intermediate setae between them, on abdominal tergite IX are rather stable. The distance between each of the metanotal median setae is less than the distance between these setae and the metanotum anterior margin, although these setae are much wider apart in most other species at least in Asia. The S 1 setae on tergite IX are usually much shorter than the tube, and the intermediate setae are usually much longer than half of S1. Finally, three females and four males collected from Queensland, Australia, listed below have antennal segment III with two (1+1) sense cones instead of three (1+2). However , most of other structures are indistinguishable from pictipes .

Diagnosis. Distended body length: female 1.4–1.6mm, males 1.0–1.4. Body largely brown ( Figs 236 & 237 View FIGURES 236–245 ); antennae brown, segment III somewhat paler, with base yellowish, segment IV often with base paler. Head ( Figs 246–248 View FIGURES 246–256 ) 1.1–1.2 times as long as wide, weakly sculptured with transverse reticles or striae; postocular setae expanded. Antennal segment VIII rather slender ( Figs 252–254 View FIGURES 246–256 ), weakly constricted basally, narrowly joined to VII; segments III and IV usually with three (1+2) and four (2+2 +1) sense cones respectively. Maxillary stylets usually not reaching postocular setae, often scarcely reaching them, wider apart, almost V-shaped. Five pairs of prothoracic setae well-developed, expanded. Mesopresternum complete ( Fig. 249 View FIGURES 246–256 ). Mesonotal lateral setae variable, short and acute to long and expanded. Metanotal median pair of setae rather close together and rather far from anterior margin ( Fig. 250 View FIGURES 246–256 ). Fore tarsus with a tooth. Tergites III–VI S2 setae: III–VI usually expanded, but those on VI often pointed. Tergite IX S1 setae much shorter than tube; intermediate setae much longer than half of S1. Tube about 0.6 times as long as head in female; terminal setae 1.5–1.6 times as long as tube. Large male: fore femur with an inner rounded tubercle at extreme base ( Fig. 256 View FIGURES 246–256 ).

Specimens examined. India, 1 female and 1 male, Dehra Dun , on dry twigs, 12.x.1971, T . N. Ananthakrishnan. Singapore, Macritchie Park (= Macritchie Res.), on dead leaves, 1 female and 5 males, 22.vii.1976 , 7 females and 4 males, 23.vii.1976 , SO, 1 female, 8.viii.1990, TN & SO, 1 male, on dead Palmae frond, 7.viii.1990 , TN & SO. Peninsular Malaysia, Tapah, on dead leaves, 16 females and 7 males, 26.vii.1976 , 2 males, 28.vii.1976 , 6 females, 30.vii.1976, SO, 1 female 6 males, on dead leaves and branches, 16.ix.1990, TN & SO; 1 male, NE 13km from Tapah , on dead leaves, 27.vii.1976 , SO; about 20km N from Kuala Lumpur, Templer Park, 6 females and 2 males, on dead branches, 11.viii.1990 , 8 females and 2 males, on dead leaves, 12.viii.1990, 8 females and 4 males, on dead leaves, 13.viii.1990, 5 females and 5 males, on dead leaves, 15.viii.1990, 1 female, on grass, 15.viii.1990, 2 females and 1 male, on dead leaves and branches, 12.ix.1990, TN & SO; 1 female, Cameron Highland, foot of Gnung Jasar , on dead leaves and branches, 19.ix.1990 , TN & SO; 1 female, Pahang, Endau-Rompin Park, Fogging , 8.vii.2003 , H. Kojima. Borneo, 2 males, Sabah, nr. Keningaw, Taman Bunsit , on dead leaves and branches, 2.ix.1990 , TN & SO; 5 females and 4 males, Jl. Kimanis, 18km from Keningaw , on dead leaves and branches, 3.ix.1990 , TN & SO; 2 females, Sabah, Tambnan to Ranau , on dead leaves and branches, 4.ix.1990 , TN & SO. Indonesia, Java, 1 male, Malang, Wono-koyo , 1150m alt., on grass, 23.viii.2005 , SO; 2 females, Malang, Singo Sari , 570m alt., 23.viii.2005 , SO; 1 male, Banyuwangi, Glemor, Tulung Rejo , Sumber Gondo , on dead branches, 27.viii.2005 , SO. Indonesia, Bali, Tabanan, Jatiluwih (Peteli Temple), on dead branches, 1 male, 14.iii.2005 , 1 male, 13.viii.2005 , SO; 4 females and 2 males, Tabanan, Jatiluwih ( Batu Lumbang Temple ), on dead branches, 14.iii.2005 , SO; 3 females and 3 males, Tabanan, Mayunganlet , 1100m alt., 11.viii.2005 , SO; Tabanan, Muncak Sari, Pura Luhur, 1 female, 2.ix.2005, 1 female, 11.viii.2006 , 3 females, 3.ix.2006, SO; Tabanan, Bengkel, Pura Batu Salahan, 1 female and 2 males, 3.ix.2005, 2 females, 12.viii.2006 , SO; Buleleng, Melanting, 1 female, unknown tree flower, 15.viii.2006, 4 females and 4 males, on dead branches, 16.viii.2006, 6 females and 1 male, 17.viii.2006, SO; Buleleng, Belatung, 1 male, 15.viii.2006, 1 female, on flowers of unknown plant, 17.viii.2006, 1 female, habitat uncertain, 17.viii.2006, SO. Indonesia, Flores, 9 females and 10 males, Ende, Wolosoko , 655m alt., 22.viii.2006 , SO; 2 females and 1 male, Ende, Nualise , 580m alt., 22.viii.2006 , SO; 2 females and 1 male, Manggarai, Mano , on coffee leaves, 25.viii.2006 , SO; 1 female, Ende, Komandaru , on dead branches, 23.viii.2006 , SO; 2 females and 2 males, Ende, Nuabosi , 30.viii.2006 , SO; Ngada, Aimere, 7 females and 4 males, on dead branches, 27.viii.2006, 1 male, on grass, 27.viii.2006, SO; 4 females and 1 male, Ngada, Bajawa, Wolomeli , 28.viii.2006 , SO. Indonesia, Sulawesi, 2 females, Malino , alt. about 900m., 31.vii.1984 , SO; 1 female and 1 male, 11km E from Malino , kanreapia, alt. about 1500m, on dead branches, 2.viii.1984 , SO; 1 female, 15km W from Palopo, Battang , alt. about 450m, on dead branches, 19.viii.1984 , SO; 1 female, nr. Rantepao, Pedamaran , alt. about 1000m, on Quercus sp. , 13.viii.1984 , SO. Thailand, 2 females, nr. Chiang Mai, foot of Doi Saket , 25.viii.1992 , TN & SO; 1 female, nr. Chiang Mai, Doi Inthanon , on dead leaves and branches, 29.viii.1992 , TN & SO; 2 males, nr. Chiang Mai, Pha Sang , on flower, 31.viii.1992 , TN; 3 females, nr. Chiang Mai, Huaw Kom , on Pueraria Thunbergiana leaf, 4.ix.1992 , TN & SO; 1 female, nr. Chiang Mai, Ka Jan , on bamboo, 3.ix.1992 , SO; 3 females and 2 males, nr. Chiang Mai, Pha Hean , 3.ix.1992 , SO; 2 females and 7 males, Chiang Rai, on dead leaves and branches, 4.ix.1992 , SO. Thailand, Phuket, 1 female, sweeping, 17.viii.1976 , 1 male, on dead branches, 19.viii.1976, SO. Vietnam, 8 females and 3 males, Ha Tay Prov., Mt. Ba vi, on dead leaves and branches, 8.iii.2000 , SO; Bac Can Prov., Ba Be Nat. Park , 1 male, on dead branches, 1 male on bamboo, 2.viii.2000 , SO; 1 female, Son La Prov., Truong Yen , on dead leaves and branches, 12.viii.2000 , SO; 1 female, Lai Chau Prov., Muong Phang Nat. Park , on dead leaves and branches, 14.viii.2000 , SO; 8 females and 4 males, Lam Dong Prov., Da Lat, Ward 5, Van Thanh , 23.xii.2001 , SO; Lam Dong Prov., Dam Bri, 2 males, on bamboo, 1 male, on grass, 26.xii.2001 , 1 female, habitat uncertain, 1 female and 1 male, on bamboo, 27. Xii.2001, 1 male, on dead leaves, 1 female and 3 males, on bamboo, 28.xii.2001, SO; 1 male, Quang Binh Prov., Bo Trach Dist., Son Trach, nr. Phong Nha , 14.viii.2007 , SO; 3 females and 1 male, Nghe An Prov., Thanh Chuong Dist., Thanh An, Cau Cau , 9.viii.2007 , SO. The Philippines, Luzon, 1 female, Quezon National Forest Park, on dead leaves, 16.vii.1979 , SO; 2 females, Bicol National Park , on dead leaves, 16.vii.1979 , SO. The Philippines, Mindanao, North Cotabato, Ilomavis, 18 females and 4 males, on dead leaves, 26.vii.1979 , 6 females and 3 males, on dead fern, 26.vii.1979, 1 female and 1 male, on grass, 26.vii.1979, 14 females and 9 males, on dead fern, 27.vii.1979, 3 females and 8 males, on dead leaves, 28.vii.1979, 9 females and 5 males, on dead leaves, 29.vii.1979, 2 females and 9 males, on dead twigs, 29.vii.1979, SO; Mt. Apo , Agko, alt. about 1300m, 3 females and 1 male, on dead branches, 30.vii.1979 , 6 females and 4 males, on dead fern, 30.vii.1979, 3 females, on dead leaves, 30.vii.1979, 5 females, on half dead grass, 31.vii.1979, 5 females, on bush with bamboo, 31.vii.1979, 6 females and 2 males, on dead leaves, 31.vii.1979, 2 females, on half dead grass, 1.viii.1979, 6 females and 2 males, on half dead grass, 2.viii.1979, 42 females and 32 males, on dead leaves, 2.viii.1979, 11 females and 6 males, on dead leaves, 3.viii.1979, 1 female and 1 male, on dead Palmae fronds, 4.viii.1979 . Taiwan, Chiai Hsien, Kuantzulin, on grass, 6 females and 3 males, on grass, 1.iv.1993 , 5 females and 2 males, on dead leaves and branches, 1.iv.1993, 3 females and 1 male, habitat uncertain, 2.iv.1993, TN & SO; 2 males, Kaohsiung Hsien, Liukuei , on dead leaves and branches, 4.ix.1993 , TN; Taitung Hsien, Chihpen, 1 female and 3 males, habitat uncertain, 9.ix.1993 , 2 females and 1 male, on dead wood, 10.ix.1993, 1 female, on bamboo, 10.ix.1993, TN & SO. Australia, 1 male, Queensland, Brisbane, Indooroopilly , on dead branches, 7.iii.2006 , SO; 3 females and 3 males, Queensland, Brisbane, Mt. Coottha , 230m alt., on grass, 10.iii.2006 , SO.