Neandrothrips yangmingshanae, Okajima & Masumoto, 2025

Neandrothrips yangmingshanae sp. nov.

( Figs 304–306 View FIGURES 297–306 , 339–348 View FIGURES 339–348 )

Female (macroptera). Distended body length: 1.4–1.6mm. Body brown ( Fig. 304 View FIGURES 297–306 ). All femora brown; all tibiae brown, with bases and apices paler; tarsi yellow.Antenna brown, segment III pale brown, with base paler. Fore wing scarcely shaded with brown. Major body setae pale. Head ( Fig. 339 View FIGURES 339–348 ) a little longer than wide, about 1.1 times as long as wide in holotype, widest across cheeks just behind eyes; dorsal surface weakly sculptured with transverse striae, very weakly sculptured medially, but smooth between eyes. Cheeks rounded, constricted at base, weakly serrated. Eyes about one-third as long as head. Ocelli relatively small; posterior pair scarcely separated from eyes, 26µm apart from each other in holotype. Postocular setae shorter than eyes, expanded; 97µm apart from each other, 7–9µm apart from eyes in holotype. Antennae ( Fig. 348 View FIGURES 339–348 ) about 1.9 times as long as head; segment VIII weakly constricted at base, narrowly joined to VII, about 0.7 times as long as VII; segment III longer than segment VII; segment IV the largest; segments III and IV with three (1+2) and four (2+2 +1) sense cones respectively, but segment III rarely with two (1+1) sense cones. Maxillary stylets retracted to postocular setae, wider apart, almost V-shaped; maxillary bridge weak, 0.45 times as wide as head in holotype. Pronotum ( Fig. 339 View FIGURES 339–348 ) 0.6–0.7 times as long as head, 0.66 times in holotype, about 1.7 times as wide as long; almost smooth; five pairs of prothoracic setae developed, expanded, am and aa subequal in length, a little shorter than ml; pa and epim subequal in length, longer than ml, almost as long as postocular setae. Prospinasternum ( Fig. 342 View FIGURES 339–348 ) irregularly fan-shaped, 23µm wide in holotype; mesopresternum complete. Mesonotal lateral setae developed, expanded, usually more than 20µm in length. Metanotum ( Fig. 343 View FIGURES 339–348 ) sculptured medially with reticulation; median pair of setae pointed, about 20µm, their distance wider than the distance between that seta and anterior margin of metanotum, 45µm apart from each other, 28µm apart from anterior margin in holotype. Fore tarsus with a tooth ( Fig. 345 View FIGURES 339–348 ). Fore wing with 3–6 duplicated cilia, 3–5 in holotype; three sub-basal setae expanded, S1 shorter than S2, S3 the longest. Pelta ( Fig. 344 View FIGURES 339–348 ) shaped irregularly, almost trapezoid or triangular, sculptured distinctly, about 1.5 times as wide as long. Tergites III – VIII S2 setae: III – V expanded, VI blunt or very weakly expanded, at least not sharply pointed, VII and VIII sharply pointed. Tergite IX S1 setae almost pointed, shorter than tube, S2 finely pointed, almost as long as tube, or a little shorter; intermediate setae a little longer than half of S1. Tube about 0.6 times as long as head, 0.62 times in holotype, about 2.0 times as long as wide; terminal setae 1.5–1.6 times as long as tube .

Measurements (holotype female in µm). Body length about 1600 (distended). Head length 157, from anterior margin of eyes 144, width across eyes 133, maximum width across cheeks 143, minimum width across base 125; eyes length 51; diameter of posterior ocelli 11–13; postocular setae 35–40. Maxillary bridge width 65. Antenna total length about 300, segments III–VIII length (width) as follows: 42 (25), 43 (25), 40 (23), 38 (21), 38 (19), 27 (10). Pronotum length 104, width 180. Setae on prothorax: am 25–26, aa 25–28, ml 30–34, pa 36–37, epim 38–39. Fore wing length 610. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 32, S2 35 –36, S3 46 –48. Pelta length 58, width 85. Tergite IX setae: S1 80–81, S2 93–96. Tube length 97, maximum width 48; terminal setae 150–155.

Male (macroptera). Distended body length: 1.1–1.3 mm. Very similar to macropterous female in color and structure, but show allometric growth. Small male: head almost as long as wide, cheeks convex; fore tarsal tooth small. Large male: head longer than wide, cheeks weakly rounded; prothorax well developed; fore femora enlarged ( Fig. 346 View FIGURES 339–348 ), unarmed, fore tarsal tooth stout. Tip of pseudovirga two-humped ( Fig. 347 View FIGURES 339–348 ), about 10µm wide.

Measurements (paratype small–large males in µm). Body length 1120–1320 (distended). Head length 126– 145, from anterior margin of eyes 117–133, width across eyes 118–122, maximum width across cheeks 126–126, minimum width across base 103–133; eyes length 45–50; diameter of posterior ocelli 8–13; postocular setae 27–36. Maxillary bridge 53–56. Antenna total length 262–290, segments III–VIII length as follows: 34–37, 34–42, 30–37, 32–37, 30–36, 25–26. Pronotum length 80–105, width 144–170. Setae on prothorax: am 18–28, aa? –30, ml 22–35, pa 27–36, epim 27–42. Fore wing length 480–580. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 23 –32, S2 27 –35, S3 33 –42. Pelta length 41–53, width 65–72. Tergite IX setae: S1 57 –72, S2 18 –23. Tube length 68–79, maximum width 38–40; terminal setae?–147.

Type material. Holotype: macropterous female, Taiwan, nr. Taipei, Yangmingshan , 27.iii.1993, TN & SO . Paratypes: Taiwan, 42 females and 18males, collected together with holotype; Nantou Hsien, Nanshanchi , 1 female, on dead leaves, 30.iii.1984, SO, 7 females and 9 males, on dead leaves and branches, 29.viii.1993, TN & SO.

Comments. This species is described from Taiwan based on a long series of females and males, and is included in the pictipes -group. It is very similar to M. apoae and M. ilomavisae from the Mindanao Is., the Philippines. From apoae , however, it can be distinguished by having the head somewhat wider, the postero-marginal setae S2 on the tergites V and VI expanded or very weakly expanded, and the terminal tube setae somewhat longer. From ilomavisae , it can be distinguished by having the head wider, the antennal segment III almost as long as IV, the tube about 0.6 times as long as head, and the terminal tube setae shorter than 1.7 times as long as tube. Moreover, these three species can easily be distinguished by the shape of the male pseudovirga.