Xyphandrothrips karaentae, Okajima & Masumoto, 2025

Xyphandrothrips karaentae sp. nov.

( Figs 353 View FIGURES 349–358 , 390–399 View FIGURES 390–399 )

Female (macroptera). Distended body length: 1.3–1.5mm. Body bicolored yellow and brown ( Fig. 353 View FIGURES 349–358 ). Head, thorax and tube brown, base of tube somewhat paler; abdomen largely yellowish with partly brown shadings, segments I, VIII and IX shaded with brown, segments II – VII shaded with brown antero-laterally. Fore femora brown, a little paler than head, with apices yellowish; mid and hind femora pale brown, with apices yellow; fore tibiae tinged with brown, mid tibiae scarcely shaded with brown medially, hind tibiae yellow; tarsi yellow. Antennal segment I pale brown, segments IV – VIII brown, segment IV with base yellowish; segments II and III largely yellowish, but segment II scarcely tinged with brown basally. Fore wing scarcely shaded with brown. Major body setae pale. Head ( Fig. 390 View FIGURES 390–399 ) longer than wide, about 1.2 times as long as wide; dorsal surface almost smooth, very weakly sculptured with transverse striae between postocular setae. Cheeks weakly rounded, gradually narrowed to base, weakly serrated. Eyes about one-third of head length. Ocelli normal; posterior pair scarcely separated from eyes, 22µm apart from each other in holotype. Postocular setae shorter than eyes, expanded; about 100µm apart from each other, 7–8µm apart from eyes in holotype.Antennae ( Fig. 399 View FIGURES 390–399 ) about 1.7 times as long as head, 1.74 times in holotype; segment VIII conical ( Fig. 398 View FIGURES 390–399 ), widely and closely joined to segment VII, about 0.7 times as long as VII; segment III shorter than segment IV, longer than VII; segments III and IV with three (1+2) and four (2+2 +1) sense cones respectively. Maxillary stylets retracted to eyes, sub-parallel at middle, their distance about one-fifth of head width; maxillary bridge weak. Pronotum ( Fig. 390 View FIGURES 390–399 ) about 0.7 times as long as head, 0.67 times in holotype, about 1.6 times as wide as long, 1.56 times in holotype; almost smooth, but sculptured with transverse reticulation at near posterior margin; five pairs of prothoracic setae relatively short, expanded. Prospinasternum ( Fig. 393 View FIGURES 390–399 ) irregularly shaped, narrower than 30µm; mesopresternum reduced medially, divided or very narrowly boat-shaped. Mesonotal lateral setae well developed. expanded, usually about 20µm long. Metanotum ( Fig. 394 View FIGURES 390–399 ) very weakly sculptured with reticulation; median pair of setae finely pointed, 25µm long, distance between both median setae wider than distance between that seta and anterior margin of metanotum, 46µm apart from each other, 30–32µm apart from anterior margin in holotype. Fore tarsal tooth long ( Fig. 396 View FIGURES 390–399 ). Fore wing with 4–6 duplicated cilia; three sub-basal setae subequal in length, expanded. Pelta ( Fig. 395 View FIGURES 390–399 ) triangular or trapezoid with irregular lateral margins, about 1.6 times as wide as long. Tergites III – VIII S2 setae: III – VI expanded, VII sharply pointed, VIII blunt or very weakly expanded. Tergite IX S1 setae blunt, shorter than tube, S2 sharply pointed, longer than tube; intermediate setae about two-thirds of Sl. Tube longer than 0.5 times as long as head, 0.44 times in holotype, about 1.7 times as long as wide; terminal setae about 1.5 times as long as tube .

Measurements (holotype female in µm). Body length 1470 (distended). Head length 170, from anterior margin of eyes 158, width across eyes 134, maximum width across cheeks 142, minimum width across base 111; eyes length 56; diameter of posterior ocelli 12–13; postocular setae about 30. Maxillary bridge width 35. Antenna total length 295, segments III–VIII length (width) as follows: 40 (24), 44 (26), 36 (23), 35 (21), 32 (18), 23 (12). Pronotum length 114, width 178. Setae on prothorax: am about 20, aa about 20, ml about 20, pa 32–33, epim 32–33. Fore wing length 570. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 25, S2 25, S3 25. Pelta length 52, width 83. Tergite IX setae: S1 62–64, S2 80. Tube length 75, maximum width 44; terminal setae 112–117.

Male (macroptera). Distended body length: 1.2–1.3mm. Very similar to macropterous female in structure, but showing allometric growth. Body color usually somewhat paler than female; abdomen largely yellow, mid and hind femora yellowish, slightly tinged with brown, fore tibia brownish yellow, mid and hind tibia yellow. Large male: prothorax and fore leg enlarged; fore tarsal tooth stout ( Fig. 397 View FIGURES 390–399 ).

Measurements (paratype small–large males in µm). Body length 1200–1300 (distended). Head length 150– 173, from anterior margin of eyes 140–157, width across eyes 120–123, maximum width across cheeks 123–128, minimum width across base 99–102; eyes length 53–65; diameter of posterior ocelli 10–15; postocular setae 27–33. Maxillary bridge width 48–47. Antenna total length 265–275, segments III–VIII length as follows: 35–38, 37–42, 35–37, 35–37, 32–30, 21–22. Pronotum length 93–113, width 154–166. Setae on prothorax: am 21–24, aa?20–23, ml 22–28, pa 30–30, epim 35–30. Fore wing length 510–560. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 24 –26, S2 26 –26, S3 25 –25. Pelta length 48–53, width 71–73. Tergite IX setae: S1 45 –?, S2 22 –21. Tube length 60–62, maximum width 37–40; terminal setae 105–115.

Type material. Holotype: macropterous female, Indonesia, Sulawesi, Karaenta Forest res., Maros to Camba , alt. about 400m, on dead branches, 5.viii.1984, SO . Paratypes: Indonesia, Sulawesi, 3 males, collected together with holotype ; 7 females and 4 males, data very similar to holotype, but 6.viii.1984.

Comments. This species may be related to X. pallens sp. nov. from Taiwan described below. However, it can be distinguished by the key above. This species may also be related to X. cinctus sp. nov. also from Taiwan, and the color pattern of these two species is very similar. However, karaentae has three sense cones on antennal segment III, though cinctus has only two sense cones on that segment.