Graphyllium caracolinense D.A.C. Almeida, Gusmão & A.N. Mill., 2014

Graphyllium caracolinense D.A.C. Almeida, Gusmão & A.N. Mill. View in CoL , sp. nov. MycoBank MB 807156 ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 )

Graphyllium caracolinense is similar to Graphyllium panduratum Checa et al. (2007: 288) , but differs by having non-applanate ascospores with 1–3 longitudinal septa in the central cells and sometimes surrounded by a gelatinous sheath.

Type:— BRAZIL. Piauí: Caracol, Serra das Confusões National Park (9º13’22”S, 43º29’39”W), on twig of unidentified plant, 8 November 2011, D.A.C. Almeida s.n (holotype HUEFS 42838 GoogleMaps ; isotype ILLS 71162 GoogleMaps ).

Etymology:— Referring to the county (Caracol) in which it was collected.

Hysterothecia erumpent, black, carbonaceous, navicular, straight, often transversely segmented, with a longitudinal slit, sulcus deep, smooth laterally, gregarious, linear, 0.9–6.5 mm long × 0.2–0.5 mm high × 0.3–0.7 mm wide. Pseudoparaphyses hyaline, septate, apically branched, 1.5–2.5 µm wide. Asci bitunicate, clavate, 8-spored, irregularly biseriate, short-stalked, 130–223 × 22.5–25 µm. Ascospores pale brown, broadly ellipsoidal, narrowing at the ends, smooth, straight to slightly flexuous, transversally 7(–8)-septate, strongly constricted at the median septa, with 1–3 longitudinal septa in central cells, sometimes surrounded by a gelatinous sheath, 31–40 × 10–15 µm. Anamorph unknown. Notes:— The morphology and measurements of the hysterothecia of G. caracolinense are similar to Graphyllium panduratum , both being erumpent and transversely segmented. The measurements of the ascospores also are similar between these two species (30–38 × 10–13 µm versus 31–40 × 10–15 µm), but G. panduratum differs in having applanate and obpyriform ascospores that are longitudinally 3-septate and lack a sheath.