Cardamine pratensis, L. Cardamine rivularis, Schur Cardamine palustris, (Wimmer & Grab.) Peterm.

20. C. pratensis L. , Sp. Pl. 656 (1753).

Perennial (15—)30— 55 cm; stem erect, usually simple, glabrous. Rosette-leaves with

1-7 pairs of ovate to orbicular or reniform sessile or shortly stalked lateral leaflets and a larger terminal leaflet; cauline leaves 2—3(—5) shortly petiolate or sessile, with more numerous lanceolate to linear leaflets; leaves sparsely hairy, often bearing adventitious shoots. Sepals 3-4 mm; petals (6—)8—13(—18) mm, emarginate, white, tinged with violet or pink. Siliqua 25-40x 1-1- 1-5 mm. In = 28-34, 38-44, 48. Widespread in Europe. Al Au Be Br Co Cz D a?Fa?Fe G a Ge G r Hb He Ho Hs Hu It Ju Lu N o Po Rs (N, B, C, W, E) Su Tu.

Diploid plants (2n = 16) occur in the French Jura and Alps. They are small (15-30 cm), with rosette leaves with only 1 or 2 pairs of leaflets, cauline leaves with a few pairs of leaflets and a few-flowered inflorescence ( C. nemorosa Lej. , FI. Spa 2: 62 (1813)). Tetraploids with similar morphology but rather larger in all their parts, and with 1-3 pairs of leaflets on the rosette leaves occur in N. & E. France (? and Belgium, Corse) (C. latifolia sensu Lej. , non Vahl). An undescribed diploid with crowded tuberous roots at the base of the stem, and bulbils in the leafaxils of the lower cauline leaves occurs in maritime areas of C. & N. Portugal, N. Spain and S.W. France.

C. granulosa All. , Auct. FI. Pedem. 16 (1789), described from N.W. Italy (Piemonte) and now possibly extinct, is like 20 but has the ends of some of the roots swollen, tuberous; basal leaves simple, hederiform to reniform; cauline leaves pinnate, with only 1-2 pairs of ovate leaflets; and petals obovate with rounded apex.

21. C. rivularis Schur , Verh. Siebenb. Ver. Naturw. 4 (2): 60(1853)

(C. crassifolia auct., non Pourret).

Like 20 but often branched below; rosette-leaves with 6-8 pairs of orbicular or ovate-cordate lateral leaflets and a subequal reniform terminal leaflet; cauline leaves 4 or more, with 4-6 pairs of ovate to oblong leaflets; petals always purple; anthers purplish before dehiscence. 2n=16. Mountains. C. Europe and parts o f S. Europe. Au Bu He Rm.

Polymorphic. Plants which are similar in some respects and with 2n= 16 occur in G a H u Hs It Ju. They may be referable to C. rivularis which requires further study.

22. C. palustris (Wimmer & Grab.) Peterm. , Bot. Cent. Deutschl. 1846: 47 (1846).

Like 20 but often smaller; rosette-leaves with ovate to rhombic, stalked lateral and subequal terminal leaflet; cauline leaves usually more than 5, with ovate to linear, stalked leaflets; sepals4 -6 mm; petals 12-18mm; siliqua 30-55 mm. 2« = 56,64, 72,76,80,84, c. 96. (Other numbers occur through hybridization.) N. W. & C. Europe; Scandinavia; Balkan peninsula. Au Be Br Bu Cz D a Fe G a Ge H b He Ho Hu Ju No Po Rm Su.