PAPAVERACEAE

LXVI. PAPAVERACEAE View in CoL 1

Herbs with latex or watery sap. Leaves usually spirally arranged, variously dissected. Flowers hermaphrodite, actinomorphic or zygomorphic, hypogynous. Sepals 2(-3), caducous. Petals 4-6. Stamens 2, 4, or numerous, whorled. Ovary superior, unilocular, bilocular or imperfectly multilocular; carpels 2 to many.

1 Flowers actinomorphic

2 Sap watery; sepals connate, forming a hood 7. Eschscholzia

2 Latex present; sepals free

3 Capsule less than 10 times as long as wide, narrowed at base

4 Style short; stigmas distinct 2. Meconopsis

4 Style absent; stigmas on a sessile disc at the top of the ovary

5 Leaves not spiny; capsule opening by pores below the stigmatic disc 1. Papaver 5 Leaves spiny; capsule opening by 4-6 valves 3. Argemone 3 Capsulemorethan10 timesaslongaswide, ± parallel-sided 6 Flowers violet; capsule opening by 2-4 valves 4. Roemeria 6 Flowers yellow or red; capsule opening by 2 valves 7 Flowers solitary; petals 2 cm or more; capsule 2-locular 5. Glaucium 7 Flowers in a simple umbel; petals up to 1 cm; capsule 1 -locular 6. Chelidonium 1 Flowers zygomorphic 8 Flowersweaklyzygomorphic; petalsnotspurredorsaccate 8. Hypecoum 8 Flowersstronglyzygomorphic; upperpetal spurredorsaccate at base 9 Allfruits2 -tomany-seeded,dehiscent 10 Fruit splitting into two; placenta not persistent 11. Sarcocapnos 10 Fruit dehiscing by 2 valves; placenta persistent 11 The two outer petals similar 9. Dicentra 11 The two outer petals dissimilar 10. Corydalis 9 Atleastthelowerfruits1 -seeded,indéhiscent 12 Upper fruits dehiscent, usually 2-seeded; flowers less than 5 mm 15. Ceratocapnos 12 All fruits indéhiscent and 1 -seeded; flowers more than 5 mm 13 Upper petal not spurred; stigma 3-fid, the middle lobe deeply notched, the lateral patent or deflexed 13. Platycapnos 13 Upper petal spurred; stigma 2-lobed, with a small tooth between the lobes 14 Annual; cauline leaves numerous; flowers in racemes 12. Fumaria 14 Perennial; cauline leaves few; flowers in corymbs 14. Rupicapnos

Subfam. Papaveroideae

Latex usually present. Flowers solitary or umbellate, actinomorphic. Sepals entire; petals entire, not spurred. Stamens numerous. Capsule dehiscing by pores or longitudinal valves.