Papaver Papaver, L. Papaver Papaver, Lamotte

3. P. dubium L. View in CoL , Sp. Pl. 1196 (1753)

(inch P. obtusifolium Desf. , P. modestum Jordan and P. nothum Steven ).

Hispid annual 20- 60 cm; hairs patent in lower parts, appressed above. Root and latex white. Leaves somewhat glaucous; basal pinnatisect or pinnatifid, segments ovate, obtuse; cauline often bipinnatifid, segments linear-lanceolate, acute. Pedicel appressed-hispid. Petals 15—30(—35) mm, suborbicular, red, sometimes with dark spot at base. Filaments filiform, purple; anthers violet, usually below the stigmatic disc. Capsule 1-5-2 x 0-5-0-75 cm, obovoid, frequently ribbed, glabrous. Stigmatic disc more or less flat; rays 7-9. 2/7 = 42. Throughout most o f Europe as a weed o f cultivation, but only as a casual in parts o f the north. All except Is Rs (N, C) Sb?Tu. P. albiflorum (Besser) Paez. , Acta Horti Bot. Univ. Jurjev 6: 3 (1906), with white or pale pink unspotted flowers, occurs mainly in S.E. Europe, and may be worth subspecific rank.

4. P. lecoqii Lamotte View in CoL , Ann. Sci. Lit. Industr. Auvergne 23: 429 (1851).

Like 3 but less hairy; root and latex yellow; leaves less glaucous, more deeply dissected; anthers yellow, usually reaching the stigmatic disc. 2/7 = 28. Mainly in W. Europe. A u B e B r Co G a G r Hs?Ju Lu.

5. P. laevigatum Bieb. View in CoL , FI. Taur.-Cauc. 3: 364 (1819).

Like 3 but subglabrous; petals smaller, c. 15 mm; stigmatic disc slightly convex. S.E. Europe. Bu Rs (W, K) Tu. Detailed distribution of 4 and 5 is uncertain because of taxonomic confusion.

6. P. arenarium Bieb. View in CoL , FI. Taur.-Cauc. 3: 364 (1819).

Like 3 but more robust, with 2(-3)-pinnatifid leaves; buds with small rounded mammilliform apex; capsule 1-1-5 cm. S.E. Russia; W. Kazakhstan. Rs (E). (Caucasus, Iran.)

7. P. pinnatifidum Moris View in CoL , FI. Sard. 1: 74 (1837).

Erect hispid annual 30-60 cm. Leaves usually pinnatifid, lower petiolate, upper sessile; segments triangular-ovate, entire or dentate. Pedicel appressed-hispid above, patent-hispid below. Petals 20- 25 mm. Filaments filiform, dark violet; anthers yellow. Capsule c. 2x0-5-0-7 cm, oblong-obconic, slightly tapered towards base, ribbed, glabrous. Stigmatic disc slightly convex, not wider than capsule; rays 6-8. Mediterranean region, extending to Bulgaria and Portugal. BI Bu Co G a G r Hs It Lu Sa Si.

8. P. stipitatum Fedde View in CoL in Engler, Pflanzenreich 40 IV. 104: 322 (1909).

Ascending, sparsely appressed-hispid annual c. 20 cm. Leaves pinnatilobed, the upper less deeply so. Pedicel appressed-hispid. Petals c. 1-5 cm, without basal spot. Capsule 1- 25-1-5 x 0-5-0-6 cm, davate, more or less distinctly ribbed and obviously stipitate. Stigmatic disc somewhat convex; rays often 5. • Aegean region ( Skopelos ). Gr.

9. P. maeoticum Klokov View in CoL in Klokov & Wissjul., FI. R SS Ucr. 5: 503 (1953).

Erect, somewhat glaucous, sparsely appressed-hispid annual up to 35 cm. Petals 1-1-8 cm, triangular-obovate, with two dark spots, one smaller at base, one larger, irregularly rhombic, above the other. Capsule 1-1-6 x 0-4-0-6 cm, oblongclavate, attenuate at base into a short (1-1-5 mm) carpophore. Stigmatic disc more or less convex; rays 6-8. • S.E. Ukraine, near Zhdanov. Rs (W, E).

Said to be near to 5, but the distinctly stipitate capsule and 2-spotted petals seem to differentiate it clearly.