Anemone L. Anemone nemorosa, L. Anemone altaica, Fischer ex C. A. Meyer

14. Anemone L. View in CoL 1

Perennial herbs. Flowering stems with a whorl of 3(4) often partially united leaves. Flowers conspicuous, usually solitary. Perianth-segments 5-14, petaloid, imbricate. Honey-leaves absent. Stamens numerous. Achenes numerous; style not elongated or feathery.

1 Cauline leaves sessile 2 Stems branched 10. dichotoma 2 Stems simple 3 Cauline leaves undivided or almost so

4 Perianth-segments 12-19, narrowly elliptical 16. hortensis

4 Perianth-segments 7-12, broader 17. pavonina

3 Cauline leaves much divided

5 Flowers 2-8 in an umbel, rarely fewer; achenes glabrous, winged 9. narcissiflora

5 Flowers solitary; achenes woolly, not winged

6 Basal leaves deeply cut; flowers not yellow 15. coronaria

6 Basal leaves shallowly lobed, suborbicular; flowers yellow

14. palmata

1 Cauline leaves petiolate 7 Plant with a creeping or tuberous rhizome; achenes not woolly

8 Perianth-segments 1-1-5 mm wide, greenish-white, strongly deflexed 8. reflexa

8 Perianth-segments at least 2-5 mm wide, variously coloured but not greenish-white, patent

9 Leaves tripartite and serrate but not further divided

3. trifolia

9 Leaves with primary divisions lobed

10 Anthers pale yellow or white; flowers usually blue

11 Perianth-segments pubescent beneath; head of achenes erect 6. apennina

11 Perianth-segments glabrous beneath; head of achenes nodding 7. blanda

10 Anthers deep yellow; flowers rarely blue

12 Perianth-segments with white hairs beneath

13 Cells of the upper epidermis of the perianth-segments

not mammillate; flowers always yellow (widespread)

4. ranunculoides

13 Cells of the upper epidermis of the perianth-segments mammillate; flowers reddish, purplish, white or

yellow (C. Ural) 5. uralensis

12 Perianth-segments glabrous beneath

14 Rhizome brown; perianth-segments (5—)6—7(— 12)

I. nemorosa

14 Rhizome yellowish; perianth-segments 8—12(— 15)

2. altaica

7 Plantwithouta creepingortuberousrhizome; achenes very woolly

15 Primary divisions of leaves 5; perianth-segments usually 5 II. sylvestris

15 Primary divisions of leaves 3; perianth-segments 7-10 16 Plant 5-12 cm (-20 cm in fruit); stock slender, with few or no remains of petioles of former years; heads of achenes elongating in fruit 12. baldensis

16 Plant 25-30 cm; stock stout, clothed in remains of old petioles; head of achenes globose 13. pavoniana

Sect. Sylvia Gaudin . Achenes not or slightly compressed, not woolly. Style short, hooked.

1. A. nemorosa L. View in CoL , Sp. Pl. 541 (1753) View Cited Treatment .

Rhizome brown, creeping. Basal leaves 1-2, 3-partite, divisions shortly stalked and again deeply lobed; petioles long. Flowering stems 6-30 cm; cauline leaves without buds in their axils, similar to basal leaves but smaller and petioles flattened; marginal hairs 0- 5-0-75 mm. Perianth-segments (5—)6—7(— 12), white, flushed with pink or purple beneath (rarely entirely purple or blue), oblong-ovate, glabrous. Anthers yellow. Achenes downy. Heads of achenes nodding. 2« = 28-32, 37, 42, 45, 46. Most of Europe, but rare in the Mediterranean region. All except Az BI Cr Fa Is Lu Rs (E) Sa Sb Si.

An isolated population in arctic Russia (Poluostrov Kol’skij), with 9-12 perianth-segments, is somewhat intermediate between 1 and 2. Sterile hybrids between 1 and 4 occur where the parents grow together.

2. A. altaica Fischer ex C. A. Meyer View in CoL in Ledeb., FI. Altaica 2: 362 (1830).

Like 1 but with a rather thick yellow rhizome, marginal hairs on cauline leaves shorter and flowers with 8—12(—15) perianth-segments which are violet- or blue-veined inside. Woodland margins. N.E. Russia. Rs (N, C). (A. Asia.)

Closely related to 1 and perhaps a disjunct subspecies of it.