Pinus Pinus, Douglas ex Loudon

1. P. contorta Douglas ex Loudon View in CoL , Arbor . Fruticet. Brit. 4: 2292 (1838).

Tree 6-10 m; bark dark brown, with numerous scales; branches short, contorted. Twigs glabrous, clear green in first year, then orange or brown. Leaves 30-70 xO -9-Tl mm, acute, in pairs, twisted; resin-canals median. Cone 2 -6 x 2 - 3 cm, ovoid-conical, symmetrical, pale brownish-yellow, shining; apophyses near base of cone pyramidal; umbo with slender, fragile mucro. Seeds 4-5 mm; wing c. 8 mm. Cultivated for timber in N. Europe and occasionally elsewhere. [Be Br Cz D a Fe Ge Hb Is It No Rm Su.] (IF. North America.)