Karnyothrips formosanus, Okajima & Masumoto, 2025

Karnyothrips formosanus sp. n.

( Figs 19 View FIGURES 6–20 , 92–97 View FIGURES 92–97 )

Female (macroptera). Distended body length: 1.6–2.1mm. Brown species ( Fig. 19 View FIGURES 6–20 ). Largely brown, but abdomen often somewhat paler than head and thorax. All femora brown with extreme apices yellowish; all tibiae tinged with pale brown, mid and hind tibiae with yellow apices; tarsi yellow. Antenna brown, segment III scarcely paler, sometimes with pale base. Wings very weakly shaded with brown; major body setae pale. Head a little longer than 1.35–1.41 times as long as wide ( Fig. 92 View FIGURES 92–97 ), 1.37 times in holotype, dorsal surface almost smooth. Cheeks weakly rounded, weakly serrate. Postocular setae shorter than eyes, expanded at apex, 103µm apart from each other, 12– 13µm apart from eyes in holotype. Eyes a little shorter than 0.3 times as long as head, 0.27–0.28 times in holotype. Ocelli relatively small; posterior pair 33µm apart from each other in holotype. Antennae 1.85–1.89 times as long as head; segment VIII scarcely constricted basally ( Fig. 96 View FIGURES 92–97 ); segment III with sub-basal weak swelling ( Fig. 97 View FIGURES 92–97 ), almost as long as segment VII; segment IV the longest, much longer than III; segments III and IV with two (1+1) and four (2+2 +1) sense cones respectively. Maxillary stylets crossing over postocular setae, but hardly reaching eyes, relatively wider apart, their distance about one-fourth of head width, 30µm apart from each other in holotype; maxillary bridge weak. Pronotum a little shorter than 0.7 times as long as head, 1.42 times as wide as long in holotype, almost smooth; four pairs of prominent setae expanded; pa longer than aa, aa and ml subequal, epim the longest, longer than postoculars. Notopleural sutures complete or almost complete. Prospinasternum moderately large, shaped irregularly, about 30µm wide; mesopresternum divided into two lateral triangle plates, these plates often narrowly fused medially ( Fig. 94 View FIGURES 92–97 ). Metanotum almost smooth, but very weakly sculptured medially with longitudinal striae; median pair of setae weak, short and acute, about 20µm in length, 38µm apart from each other, 41–42µm apart from anterior margin. Fore wing with 3–5 (rarely 2 or 6) duplicated cilia; three sub-basal setae expanded, S1 and S2 subequal in length, S3 the longest. Pelta trapezoid ( Fig. 85 View FIGURES 80–85 ), sculptured weakly, about 1.3 times as wide as long. Tergite IX S1 setae expanded, shorter than tube, S2 sharply pointed, much longer than tube. Tube about half as long as head, 1.77 times as long as wide in holotype. Terminal setae longer than 2.0 times as long as tube, about 2.4 times as long as tube in holotype.

Measurements (holotype female in µm). Body length 1730 (distended). Head length 167, from anterior margin of eyes 157, width across eyes 118, maximum width across cheeks 122; eyes length 46–47, width 32; diameter of posterior ocelli 8–10; postocular setae about 40. Antenna total length 315, segments III–VIII length (width) as follows: 38 (25), 45 (28), 40 (23), 35 (22), 39 (20), 21 (11). Pronotum length 110, width 156. Setae on prothorax: aa about 30, ml 30–35, pa 38, epim 45–47. Fore wing length 550. Pelta length 60, width 79. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 31, S2 31 –32, S3 35. Tergite IX setae: S1 75, S2 103–105. Tube length 83, maximum width 47; terminal setae 200–203.

Male (macroptera). Distended body length: 1.4–1.6mm. Very similar in color and structure to macropterous female. Metanotal sculpture a little stouter than that of female. Head about 1.4 times as long as wide. Fore wing with 2–4 (rarely 5) duplicated cilia.

Measurements (paratype male in µm). Body length about 1600 (distended). Head length 165, from anterior margin of eyes 155, width across eyes 115, maximum width across cheeks 118; eyes length 53–54, width 35; diameter of posterior ocelli 8–10; postocular setae 35. Antenna total length 310, segments III–VIII length as follows: 37, 48, 39, 35, 39, 21. Pronotum length 116, width 163. Setae on prothorax: aa 32–35, ml 35, pa 35–37, epim 43–45. Fore wing length 590. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 30 –31, S2 32, S3 35. Tergite IX setae: S1 75–77, S2 34 –38. Tube length 80, maximum width 48; terminal setae 225.

Type material. Holotype: macropterous female, Taiwan, Nantou Hsien, Nanshanchi , on dead leaves and branches, 29.viii.1993, TN & SO . Paratypes: Taiwan, 5 females (mac.) and 6 males (mac.), collected together with holotype; same locality as holotype, on dead branches , 5 females (mac.), 24.iii.1984, 1 female (mac.) and 2 males (mac.), 25.iii.1984, 1 female (mac.) and 1 male (mac.), 27.iii.1984, SO; 4 females (mac.) and 1 male (mac.), Nantou Hsien, foot of Mt. Nankao , nr. Wanta, on dead branches, 1.iv.1984 , SO; 1 female (mac.), Chiai Hsien, Kuantzulin , on dead leaves and branches, 23.viii.1993 , TN & SO.

Non-paratypic specimens. Taiwan, 1 female (mic.), Pintung Hsien, Kenting Nat. Park, on grass, 19.iii.1984, SO; Nantou Hsien, Nanshanchi , 4 females (mic.) and 2 males (mic.), on dead branches, 30.iii.1984, SO, 1 female (mic.), on dead leaves and branches, 29.viii.1993, TN & SO; 5 females (mic.) and 2 males (mic.), Nantou Hsien, foot of Mt. Nankao, nr. Wanta, on dead branches, 1.iv.1984, SO; Kaohsiung Hsien, Liukuei , 3 males (mic.), on dead leaves and branches, 4.ix.1993, TN & SO, 1 male (mic.), on dead branches, 5.ix.1993, TN.

Comments. This unicolorous brown species is described based on several macropterous females and males collected from dead leafy branches in Taiwan. It has four major sense cones (2+2 +1) on antennal segment IV and the maxillary stylets rather wider apart. It is somewhat similar to K. flavipes , but has antennal segment III weakly swollen sub-basally ( Fig. 97 View FIGURES 92–97 ), prosternal basantra smaller, prospinasternum larger and the mesopresternum divided into two lateral triangle sclerites ( Fig. 94 View FIGURES 92–97 ). A series of specimens, listed in the non-paratypic specimens, are all micropterae although all of the type specimens are macropterae. These micropterous females and males have antennal segment III with a weaker sub-basal swelling, but other character states are indistinguishable from the type series. However, there is a slight possibility that they represent a distinct species .