Anaphothrips, Uzel, 1895

Key to species of Anaphothrips View in CoL from Australia

1. Antennae clearly 8-segmented ( Figs 12 View FIGURES 6–12 , 16 View FIGURES 13–23 , 133 View FIGURES 130–139 ), rarely with an indistinct incomplete suture in distal third of segment VI ( Fig. 144 View FIGURES 140–147 ) .................................................................................................................................................. 2

-. Antennae 9-segmented, segment VI with complete transverse or oblique suture ( Figs 23 View FIGURES 13–23 , 55, 88), but sometimes with oblique suture incomplete ( Fig. 120 View FIGURES 120–129 ) ........................................................................................................................... 8

2. Abdominal tergite VIII without posteromarginal comb of microtrichia ( Fig. 14 View FIGURES 13–23 ); antennal segment III sensorium simple; both sexes micropterous............................................................................................................ aptilotus View in CoL sp. n.

-. Abdominal tergite VIII with posteromarginal comb either of long fine microtrichia or of slender dentate lobes ( Figs 117 View FIGURES 114–119 , 142 View FIGURES 140–147 ); antennal segment III with forked sensorium; usually macropterous .......................................................... 3

3. Body of female strongly bicoloured, at least abdominal segments VIII–X dark brown; male usually bicoloured, sometimes yellow........................................................................................................................................ sudanensis View in CoL

-. Body dark or light, not strongly bicoloured ................................................................................................................ 4

4. Ocellar setae III arise within ocellar triangle ( Fig. 9 View FIGURES 6–12 ); male without sternal pore plates; body pale with light brown shadings, antennal segments III–IV brown.................................................................................................... ambiguus View in CoL

-. Ocellar setae III arise anterolateral to ocellar triangle ( Fig. 106 View FIGURES 106–113 ); male with C-shaped sternal pore plates; body colour uniform yellow or brown, antennal segment III yellow............................................................................................... 5

5. Head wider than long ( Fig. 118 View FIGURES 114–119 ); abdominal tergite II with sculpture lines medially ................................................ 6

-. Head at least as long as wide ( Fig. 106 View FIGURES 106–113 ); tergite II with no sculpture medially .......................................................... 7

6. Head and pronotum boldly sculptured ( Fig. 130 View FIGURES 130–139 ); lateral thirds of tergites with stout, dentate microtrichia on sculpture lines ( Fig. 129 View FIGURES 120–129 ); wing setae weakly spatulate ( Fig. 132 View FIGURES 130–139 )................................................... parsonsiae View in CoL sp. n.

-. Head ( Fig. 118 View FIGURES 114–119 ), also pronotum, with no sculpture medially; lateral thirds of tergites with about five weak transverse lines; wing setae setaceous ..................................................................................................................... nimbus View in CoL sp. n.

7. Body and legs pale yellow; antennal segments I–II yellow; metascutal campaniform sensilla absent; postocular setae in single row....................................................................................................................................................... swezeyi View in CoL

-. Body and legs brown, including antennal segments I–II; metascutal campaniform sensilla present; postocular setal row with one seta displaced to posterior........................................................................................................... incertus View in CoL

8. Abdominal tergite VIII posterior margin simple, with neither craspedum nor comb of microtrichia ( Fig. 123 View FIGURES 120–129 ) ....... 9

-. Tergite VIII usually with comb of microtrichia, at least laterally, sometimes weakly craspedate or with small teeth or lobes .......................................................................................................................................................................... 12

9. Female macroptera brown, fore wing pale with dark transverse band medially; male wingless, bicoloured, mainly yellow with head and abdominal segments VI–X dark brown.................................................................. occidentalis View in CoL

-. Female colour yellow or brown with fore wing uniformly coloured, never banded; if wingless then body not sharply bicoloured ................................................................................................................................................................. 10

10. Female body brown, antennal segment I brown; sternal pore plates of male large C-shaped........................... carlylei View in CoL

-. Body yellow, with or without dark markings, antennal segment I almost white; sternal pore plates of male not Cshaped ....................................................................................................................................................................... 11

11. Antennal segments I–II pale, III–IX brown; metascutum without campaniform sensilla; tergite VIII spiracular area small; male with pore plates only on sternites III–IV ( Fig. 38 View FIGURES 32–43 )................................................................ callani View in CoL sp. n.

-. Antennal segment II darker than segment III; metascutum with paired campaniform sensilla; tergite VIII spiracular areas greatly enlarged, occupying at least half of lateral margin of tergite (Fig. 59); male with pore plates on sternites III–VII (Fig. 57) ............................................................................................................................................... cucurbiti View in CoL

12. Abdominal tergite VIII with narrow craspedum, weakly lobed or toothed ( Fig. 115 View FIGURES 114–119 ) but scarcely longer than diameter of nearest campaniform sensilla; yellow apterous species; antennal segment III with sensorium simple... 13

-. Tergite VIII posterior margin with distinct microtrichia or teeth ( Fig. 51 View FIGURES 44–52 ), rarely reduced to a few either medially or laterally ( Fig. 161 View FIGURES 157–165 ); usually macropterous; sensorium on segment III forked (rarely simple) .................................. 14

13. Craspedum on tergite VIII of small or minute pointed lobes ( Fig. 115 View FIGURES 114–119 ); tergites IV–VII posterior margins laterally with row of very small tubercles; antennal segment VI brown; male with large irregular C-shaped pore plate on sternites III–VIII ( Fig. 114 View FIGURES 114–119 )................................................................................................................................ moundi View in CoL

-. Craspedum on tergite VIII smooth and entire or with small rounded lobes; tergites IV–VII posterior margins smooth laterally; antennal segment VI usually pale at base; male with curved pore plates on sternites III–VII ( Fig. 163 View FIGURES 157–165 )...... .............................................................................................................................................................................. woodi View in CoL

14. Tergite VIII posterior margin with pointed microtrichia arising from broad bases on small craspedum ( Fig. 51 View FIGURES 44–52 ); lateral thirds of tergites IV–VII with prominent dentate microtrichia arising from sculpture lines ..... chortinus View in CoL sp. n.

-. Microtrichia on tergite VIII arising not from distinct craspedum, usually separate or only partially fused at base; tergites rarely with prominent microtrichia ............................................................................................................... 15

15. Tergite VIII posterior margin medially without microtrichia, but laterally with several microtrichia in both sexes ( Figs 139 View FIGURES 130–139 , 161 View FIGURES 157–165 ) ........................................................................................................................................................... 16

-. Tergite VIII with microtrichia medially on posterior margin ( Figs 84 View FIGURES 83–91 , 98 View FIGURES 92–99 ).............................................................. 18

16. Large species with head dark brown; ocellar setae III inside ocellar triangle with bases scarcely further apart than width of fore ocellus ( Fig 159 View FIGURES 157–165 ); tergite IX setae S1 and S2 capitate ( Fig. 161 View FIGURES 157–165 ), tergite X with S1 capitate .................................................................................................................................................................................... whyalla View in CoL sp. n.

-. Small, light brown species; ocellar setae arise outside ocellar triangle .................................................................... 17

17. Antennal segments III–IV largely pale; metascutal campaniform sensilla apparently absent; comb on tergite VIII represented by only a few teeth laterally; male sternal pore plates not visible..................................................... keatsi View in CoL

-. Antennal segments III–IV largely brown; metascutal campaniform sensilla present; comb on tergite VIII represented by only 2 or 3 teeth laterally; male with curved to C-shaped pore plates on sternites III–VII ( Fig. 138 View FIGURES 130–139 )...................... ............................................................................................................................................................ pultenaeae View in CoL sp. n.

18. Abdominal tergites V–VII sculptured at middle ( Figs 82 View FIGURES 73–82 , 121 View FIGURES 120–129 ) ................................................................................. 19

-. Abdominal tergites V–VII without sculpture medially ............................................................................................. 22

19. Tergite VIII spiracular area occupying at least 0.5 of margin ( Figs 113 View FIGURES 106–113 , 148 View FIGURES 148–156 ); antennal segment I brown............... 20

-. Tergite VIII with spiracular area small, not occupying more than 0.3 of lateral margin; antennal segment I almost white, much paler than II ........................................................................................................................................... 21

20. Micropterous species: microtrichia of comb on tergite VIII irregular, broadly based, sometimes fused ( Fig. 113 View FIGURES 106–113 ); antennal segment III with forked sensorium ............................................................................................ monga View in CoL sp. n.

-. Macropterous species; comb on tergite VIII of long slender microtrichia ( Fig. 148 View FIGURES 148–156 ); antennal segment III with sensorium simple ................................................................................................................................................. varii View in CoL

21. Body largely yellow with brown markings; metascutum with pair of campaniform sensilla; tergal sculpture reticulate medially............................................................................................................................................... obscurus View in CoL [in part]

-. Body largely brown, tergites uniformly brown; metascutum without campaniform sensilla; tergal sculpture lines transverse medially, not reticulate ................................................................................................... eremophilae View in CoL sp. n.

22. Compound eye each with 6 pigmented facets ventrolaterally ( Fig. 11 View FIGURES 6–12 )..................................................................... 23

-. Compound eyes without any clearly defined pigmented facets ................................................................................ 37

23. Tergite VIII posterior margin of female with 6–12 long microtrichia medially, but lateral microtrichia progressively shorter and/or absent ( Fig. 156 View FIGURES 148–156 ) .................................................................................................................................. 24

-. Tergite VIII comb with microtrichia equally long across most of posterior margin................................................... 25

24. Tergal lines of sculpture with irregular strongly dentate microtrichia ( Fig. 156 View FIGURES 148–156 ); male with small curved pore plate on sternites III–VII ( Fig. 157 View FIGURES 157–165 ).................................................................................................................. westringiae View in CoL sp.n

-. Tergal lines of sculpture with regular weakly dentate microtrichia ( Fig. 87 View FIGURES 83–91 ); male with large C-shaped pore plate on sternites III–VII................................................................................................................................ geleznowiae View in CoL sp. n.

25. Major setae broadly spatulate on head, pronotum and fore wings ( Figs 101–102, 105 View FIGURES 100–105 ); median setae on tergites IV–VI closer together than their length ( Fig. 104 View FIGURES 100–105 ); sensorium simple on antennal segment III; male with no sternal pore plates .............................................................................................................................................. glenysae View in CoL sp. n.

-. Major setae setaceous or only slightly thickened; length of median setae on tergites IV–VI less than distance between their bases; sensorium forked on antennal segment III .............................................................................. 26

26. Body, legs and antennae dark brown, including antennal segments I–III ( Fig. 125 View FIGURES 120–129 ); antennal segments VII–IX clearly longer than VI; tergites with no lines of sculpture extending mesad of setae S2 ......................... orchis View in CoL sp. n.

-. Body, legs and antennae light brown, head often with yellowish markings, antennal segment I almost white; antennal segments VII–IX shorter than VI; tergites usually with sculpture lines extending slightly mesad of setae S2 ....... 27

27. Pronotal posteromarginal setae S2 unusually long, 1.5 times as long as setae S1 (Fig. 61); male without sternal pore plates.......................................................................................................................................................... dalbyi View in CoL sp. n.

-. Pronotum with all posteromarginal setae equally short; males with or without pore plates medially on one or more sternites ...................................................................................................................................................................... 28

28. Head slightly longer than wide, ocellar triangle weakly reticulate; longest fore wing setae about 0.25 as long as wing width.................................................................................................................................................. obscurus View in CoL [in part]

-. Head transverse, clearly wider than long; ocellar triangle with no reticulation; longest fore wing setae often more than 0.3 as long as median wing width ...................................................................................................................... 29

29. Ocellar setae III arise inside ocellar triangle, their bases no further apart than diameter of first ocellus ( Figs 44 View FIGURES 44–52 , 152 View FIGURES 148–156 ) .................................................................................................................................................................................... 30

-. Ocellar setae III arise further apart, their bases separated by distance at least equal to that between posterior ocelli... .................................................................................................................................................................................... 31

30. Lateral thirds of tergites IV–VI with closely spaced sculpture lines bearing fine and regular microtrichia ( Fig. 45 View FIGURES 44–52 ); tergite VI setae S3–S4 equally large, S3 on VII variable but usually smaller than S4; metascutal reticulation usually with internal markings ( Fig. 42 View FIGURES 32–43 ); male sternites III–VI with small C-shaped pore plates ( Fig. 41 View FIGURES 32–43 )..................... cecili View in CoL

-. Lateral thirds of tergites IV–VI with transverse reticulation bearing weakly dentate microtrichia on sculpture lines ( Fig. 151 View FIGURES 148–156 ); tergites VI–VII setae S3 much smaller than S4; metascutal reticulation without internal markings; male without sternal pore plates...................................................................................................................... walchae View in CoL sp. n.

31. Major setae thickened and weakly spatulate, including median metascutal setae ( Fig. 21 View FIGURES 13–23 ); abdominal tergites with small dentate microtrichia on sculpture lines; male sternites with small C-shaped pore plates............ atriplicis View in CoL sp. n.

-. Major setae all finely acute; tergites with or without microtrichia; male sternal pore plates, if present, not C-shaped. .................................................................................................................................................................................... 32

32. Body and legs mainly brown; abdominal tergite sculpture lines with microtrichia weak or absent (Fig. 54); male sternite III with weakly transverse pore plate medially (Fig. 53) ............................................................. cobari View in CoL sp. n.

-. Body and legs extensively yellow; abdominal tergite sculpture lines with many microtrichia ( Fig. 170 View FIGURES 166–171 ); male sternite III with pore plate not as above.................................................................................................................................. 33

33. Abdominal tergites extensively brown, pleurotergites yellow; tergal sculpture with numerous microtrichia clearly extending mesad of setae S2 ( Fig. 170 View FIGURES 166–171 ); male sternites with no pore plates........................................... yalgooi View in CoL sp. n.

-. Abdominal tergites largely yellow; tergal sculpture scarcely extending mesad of setae S2 ( Fig. 25 View FIGURES 24–31 ); at least male sternite III with 1 or 2 small pore plates .................................................................................................................... 34

34. Tergites III–VI with brown antecostal ridge, sometimes with brown area medially; male sternite III with pair of small circular pore plates ( Fig. 28 View FIGURES 24–31 )....................................................................................................... augustae View in CoL sp. n.

-. Tergal antecostal ridge pale; male sternite III with transverse pore plate.................................................................. 35

35. Male tergite IX with two pairs of short stout setae posteromedially, sternites III–VII with transverse weakly curved pore plates........................................................................................................................................................ newmani View in CoL

-. Male tergite IX without stout setae medially ( Fig. 34 View FIGURES 32–43 ), sternites IV–VII with no pore plates .................................. 36

36. Male sternite III with pore plate slender and close to antecostal ridge.................................................. barrowi View in CoL sp. n.

-. Male sternite III with pore plate broader and weakly curved ( Fig. 30 View FIGURES 24–31 )............................................. barringtoni View in CoL sp. n.

37. Body uniformly brown, antennal segments III–IV slightly paler........................................................... geijerae View in CoL sp. n.

-. Body colour not uniformly brown, usually yellow or with brown markings ............................................................ 38

38. Abdominal tergites II–VII yellow with brown median area and paired lateral dark areas ( Fig. 73 View FIGURES 73–82 ); male tergite IX posterior margin with pair of exceptionally long but fully recurved “setae” ( Fig. 70 View FIGURES 64–72 )....................................... dubius View in CoL

-. Abdominal tergites III–VII with different brown pattern, or yellow and sometimes with pair of more or less distinct dark areas laterally ..................................................................................................................................................... 39

39. Abdominal tergites II–VII yellow medially with pair of brown areas laterally ( Fig. 100 View FIGURES 100–105 ); antennal segment III sharply yellow in contrast to dark brown IV ( Fig. 97 View FIGURES 92–99 )......................................................................... gillespiei View in CoL sp. n.

-. Abdominal tergites II–VII yellow or light brown but without distinctive brown areas laterally; antennal III not sharply different from IV ........................................................................................................................................... 40

40. Major setae on head, thorax and fore wings, also antennal segment II, slightly to strongly spatulate ( Fig. 78 View FIGURES 73–82 ); tergite IX setae S2 stouter and shorter than S1........................................................................................................... exocarpi View in CoL

-. Major setae on head, thorax and fore wings setaceous ( Fig. 83 View FIGURES 83–91 ); tergite IX setae S1 and S2 equally setaceous .... 41

41. Abdominal sternite VII posteromarginal setae S2 arise slightly in front of posterior margin ( Fig. 85 View FIGURES 83–91 ); ocellar setae III just within ocellar triangle............................................................................................................. exocarpoides View in CoL sp. n.

-. Abdominal sternite VII posteromarginal setae S2 arise at margin; ocellar setae III arise well outside triangle or close to anterior margins ..................................................................................................................................................... 42

42. Pore plates of males almost confluent around margins of sternites III–VII ( Fig. 20 View FIGURES 13–23 ); tergite IX of males with two pairs of stout thorn-like setae medially ( Fig. 18 View FIGURES 13–23 ); females with up to 9 marginal setae on clavus................ astrolomi View in CoL

-. Pore plates broadly C-shaped on sternites III–VII of males, but not close to sternite margins; tergite IX of males with only one pair of stout thorn-like setae medially; females with fewer marginal setae on clavus ............................... 43

43. Male tergite IX posterior margin with pair of dark conical “setae”, stouter and thicker than median pair of discal thorn-like setae ( Fig. 75 View FIGURES 73–82 )........................................................................................................................ epacrida View in CoL sp. n.

-. Male tergite IX posterior margin with pair of slender spine-like processes, much thinner than median pair of discal thorn-like setae ( Fig. 66 View FIGURES 64–72 )........................................................................................................................ desleyae View in CoL sp. n.