Cyrteumenes seyrigi (Giordani Soika, 1934)

Cyrteumenes seyrigi (Giordani Soika, 1934) View in CoL

( Figs 21 View FIGURE 21 , 63H View FIGURE 63 )

Labus seyrigi Giordani Soika, 1934b: 215 View in CoL , ♂ —“ Madagascar: Rogez ” (male neotype [here designated] MSNVE).

Type material examined. NEOTYPE: ♂ labelled “ COLL. MUS. CONGO / Madagascar : Rogez /// III-1944 / A. Seyrig // Labus seyrigi / Giordani Soika, 1934 / NEOTYPUS ♂ / Marco Selis des. 2025 [red label] // Cyrteumenes seyrigi / (Giordani Soika, 1934) / Det. Marco Selis 2025” ( MSNVE).

Distribution. Madagascar: Toamasina ( Giordani Soika 1934b, 1973, 1991a; Madl 1995) ( Fig. 63H View FIGURE 63 ).

Notes. Giordani Soika (1934b) described Labus seyrigi based on two males collected by A. Seyrig in Rogez, reporting the holotype to be in his own collection, now housed in MSNVE ( Dal Pos et al. 2022), and the paratype in MNHN. However, the search in both collections did not lead to any results and the types are therefore to be considered lost, as is the case for numerous Malagasy species described by Giordani Soika during the period 1934– 1941 ( Dal Pos et al. 2022: 9). A pair of this species is preserved in the Giordani Soika collection in MSNVE (erroneously reported as two females by Dal Pos et al. 2022), with the male from the type locality and the female carrying an identification label reading “ seyrigi ” handwritten by Giordani Soika. Given the difficulties in delimiting the species of Cyrteumenes , the male specimen ( Figs 21B, C View FIGURE 21 ), coming from the type locality and largely coinciding with the original description except for the entirely yellow clypeus ( Fig. 21D View FIGURE 21 ), is designated as the neotype to ensure a reference standard for this species ( Figs 21B–E View FIGURE 21 ).

The convexity of the scutellum, reported as diagnostic by Giordani Soika (1934b) and then illustrated by Borsato (1999) proved to be highly variable both in Cyrteumenes seyrigi and in other species of the genus, ranging from flat to convex in specimens otherwise identical in external morphology and male genitalia.

Genus Cyrtolabulus van der Vecht, 1969 View in CoL

Cyrtolabulus van der Vecht, 1969: 1 View in CoL , replacement name for Cyrtolabus van der Vecht, 1963 View in CoL , non Voss, 1925. Type species: Cyrtolabus suavis van der Vecht, 1963 , by original designation as type species of Cyrtolabus van der Vecht. View in CoL

Cyrtolabus van der Vecht, 1963: 11 View in CoL , genus. Junior homonym of Cyrtolabus Voss, 1925 View in CoL ( Coleoptera View in CoL ). Type species: Cyrtolabus suavis van der Vecht, 1963 , by original designation.

Key to the Malagasy species of Cyrtolabulus View in CoL

[Modified from Selis (2024)]

1. S2 longer than T2 when seen in profile ( Figs 25C View FIGURE 25 , 29B View FIGURE 29 , 30C View FIGURE 30 ); apical margin of T3 broadly rounded, medially expanded in a lamellar lobe ( Figs 25C View FIGURE 25 , 29B View FIGURE 29 , 30C View FIGURE 30 )....................................................................... 2

- S2 as long as T2 when seen in profile ( Figs 23B View FIGURE 23 , 24B View FIGURE 24 , 26B View FIGURE 26 , 27B View FIGURE 27 , 31B View FIGURE 31 ); apical margin of T3 straight, not medially expanded ( Figs 23B View FIGURE 23 , 24B View FIGURE 24 , 26B View FIGURE 26 , 27B View FIGURE 27 , 31B View FIGURE 31 )......................................................................... 5

2. Pronotal carina almost entirely absent, barely visible on humeri only. Tegula small and not expanded posteriorly, maximum width in anterior third ( Fig. 25D View FIGURE 25 ); parategula broad and subtriangular ( Fig. 25D View FIGURE 25 ). Propodeum entirely vertical, without a dorsal horizontal face ( Fig. 25C View FIGURE 25 ). T 1 in lateral view evenly and strongly convex above, much higher in the middle than at base and apex ( Fig. 25C View FIGURE 25 ); T2 with V-shaped depression on disc; apical lamella of T2 and T3 preceded by a preapical bulge, stronger on T2 ( Fig. 25C View FIGURE 25 )........................................................................................ 3

- Pronotal carina more developed, at least on lateral thirds of pronotal margin. Tegula large and broadly expanded posteriorly, maximum width in posterior half ( Fig. 30C View FIGURE 30 ); parategula narrow and digitiform. Propodeum bulging dorsally, with a short dorsal horizontal face ( Figs 29B View FIGURE 29 , 30C View FIGURE 30 ). T 1 in lateral view abruptly expanded basally, then of regular height for most of its length ( Fig. 29B View FIGURE 29 ); T2 not depressed on disc; only apical lamella of T2 preceded by a shallow preapical bulge ( Figs 29B View FIGURE 29 , 30C View FIGURE 30 )......... 4

3. Parategula beak-shaped, with produced apex and concave posterior margin. T1 longer, 1.7× ( ♂) or 1.9–1.95× ( ♀) as long as apically wide, and more coarsely and densely punctate ( Fig. 25A View FIGURE 25 ). T2 about as wide as long, evenly punctate from base to apex. Pubescence generally sparser and darker, not covering the underlying surface. Male: F11 longer and spiniform, reaching base of F9 ( Fig. 25A View FIGURE 25 ). Female: clypeus with dense deep punctures, apical margin deeply emarginate with pointed apical teeth ( Fig. 25A View FIGURE 25 ).............................................................................. C. madli Gusenleitner View in CoL

- Parategula forming a quarter of circle, with right-angled apex and straight posterior margin ( Fig. 25D View FIGURE 25 ). T1 shorter, 1.35× ( ♂) to 1.45–1.55× ( ♀) as long as apically wide, and more finely and sparsely punctate ( Fig. 25B View FIGURE 25 ). T2 wider than long, basal sloping part much more finely and sparsely punctate than disc. Pubescence generally denser and brighter, on gena and sides of mesosoma strongly silvery and covering the underlying surface ( Fig. 25C View FIGURE 25 ). Male: F11 shorter and conical, reaching middle of F9 ( Fig. 25B View FIGURE 25 ). Female: clypeus with sparse shallow punctures, apical margin shallowly emarginate with obtuse apical teeth ( Fig. 25B View FIGURE 25 )............................................................................. C. nivosus sp. nov.

4. Sculpture of head and mesosoma sparser and shallower; clypeus almost impunctate, with very fine sparse punctures ( Fig. 29A View FIGURE 29 ); tegulae micropunctate with few barely visible punctures; dorsolateral faces of propodeum with interspaces mostly flattened and distinct. Occipital carina weak, fine on vertex. Transverse carina of metanotum blunt. Apical lamella of T3 preceded by a series of deep and well-marked punctures.................................................. C. rhombicus Gusenleitner View in CoL

- Sculpture of head and mesosoma denser and coarser; clypeus coarsely and densely punctured; tegulae with large deep punctures ( Fig. 30C View FIGURE 30 ); dorsolateral faces of propodeum with interspaces reduced to irregular ridges. Occipital carina strong, well developed on vertex. Transverse carina of metanotum sharp ( Fig. 30C View FIGURE 30 ). Apical lamella of T3 preceded by a series of shallow and not marked punctures............................................................ C. suboscurus (Giordani Soika) View in CoL

5. Propodeum dorsally developed behind metanotum, forming on mid-line a horizontal surface at least as long as metanotum ( Figs 23D, E View FIGURE 23 ; 31D, E View FIGURE 31 )...................................................................................... 6

- Propodeum not developed behind metanotum, entirely sloping and evenly convex ( Fig. 27D View FIGURE 27 ); if dorsal faces form horizontal surfaces, these do not meet in the middle and the mid-line of propodeum slopes directly from the posterior margin of metanotum......................................................................................... 10

6. Horizontal face of propodeum posteriorly margined, angularly separated from posterior face ( Figs 23D, E View FIGURE 23 ); submarginal carina completely fused to strongly developed inferior carina, with a short and wide projection above valvula ( Fig. 23E View FIGURE 23 )......... 7

- Horizontal face of propodeum not margined posteriorly, transition to posterior face rounded ( Figs 31D, E View FIGURE 31 ); inferior carina not developed and submarginal carina developed in a long and pointed projection above valvula ( Fig. 31E View FIGURE 31 )................. 8

7. Basal part of clypeus with raised median part laterally margined by sharp ridges ( Fig. 30A View FIGURE 30 ). T1 with basal transverse carina angled in the middle. Apical lamella of T2 not pigmented and not preceded by a thickening of the tergite. Larger (body length 7.0 mm) black species with few narrow yellow markings ( Fig. 30A View FIGURE 30 )................................ C. scrobalis Selis

- Basal part of clypeus with raised median part not margined by sharp ridges ( Fig. 30C View FIGURE 30 ). T1 not carinate basally. Apical lamella of T2 almost entirely pigmented with yellow and preceded by a shallow thickening of the tergite ( Fig. 30F View FIGURE 30 ). Smaller (body length 5.5–6.0 mm) half black and half orange-red species ( Figs 30A, B View FIGURE 30 )............................... C. emirufus sp. nov.

8. Tegula posteriorly enlarged and strongly exceeding parategula, reaching its maximum width in posterior third; outer margin of tegula anteriorly emarginate and then broadly rounded posteriorly, giving a campanulate appearance ( Fig. 31C View FIGURE 31 ). T2 wider than long, coarsely and densely micropunctate with scattered fine macropunctures not much larger than micropunctures ( Fig. 31F View FIGURE 31 ).................................................................................... C. tegularis sp. nov.

- Tegula not enlarged and weakly exceeding parategula, reaching its maximum width around middle; outer margin of tegula evenly rounded, nearly circular. T2 as wide as long or longer, finely micropunctate with coarse macropunctures distinctly larger than micropunctures (not so evidently in southwestern pale form of C. parvulus , Fig. 28C View FIGURE 28 )........................... 9

9. Gena in dorsal view sinuate in front of posterior margin; occipital carina higher and lamellate on most of gena. Pronotal carina weaker on humeri, not pointing forward ( Fig. 22 View FIGURE 22 ). Punctures of head and mesosoma denser, interspaces much narrower than puncture diameter; T3 with similar punctures on whole surface. Female: clypeus ferruginous, punctures on disc of basal half coarse and dense, interspaces narrower than puncture diameter; legs entirely brownish-red ( Fig. 22 View FIGURE 22 )................................................................................................ C. bekilyensis (Giordani Soika) View in CoL

- Gena in dorsal view evenly convex; occipital carina lower and not lamellate on gena. Pronotal carina sharp on humeri, pointing forward ( Fig. 28A View FIGURE 28 ). Punctures of head and mesosoma sparser, interspaces about half as long as puncture diameter; T3 with a group of coarser punctures in the middle. Female: clypeus red with yellow basal margin to entirely yellow, punctures on disc of basal half small and sparse, interspaces wider than puncture diameter; legs reddish with pale yellow lines on outer face tibiae ( Figs 28A, B View FIGURE 28 )........................................................................... C. parvulus Selis

10. Mesosoma elongate, subcylindrical, 1.7× as long as wide ( Fig. 26A View FIGURE 26 ). Pronotal carina complete and sharp in the female ( Fig. 26E View FIGURE 26 ), nearly disappearing medially in the male ( Fig. 26D View FIGURE 26 ). Posterior lobe of tegula subtriangular and acute; outer margin of tegula angled around middle and posteriorly not exceeding parategula; parategula large, broad and subtriangular ( Fig. 26C View FIGURE 26 ). S1 subtriangular with sides diverging from base to apex. Apical lamella of T2 long and translucent, with pigmented large digitations basally ( Fig. 26F View FIGURE 26 )............................................................ C. oblongus sp. nov.

- Mesosoma not so elongate and not subcylindrical, 1.4–1.5× as long as wide ( Figs 24A View FIGURE 24 , 27A View FIGURE 27 , 30B View FIGURE 30 ). Pronotal carina missing at least in the median third ( Fig. 27C View FIGURE 27 ). Posterior lobe of tegula broadly rounded with right-angled to obtuse apex; outer margin of tegula evenly rounded, nearly circular, and posteriorly exceeding parategula; parategula small, narrow and digitiform. S1 bell-shaped, subtriangular in apical half and then abruptly narrowed basally. Apical lamella of T2 short and widely pigmented ( Fig. 27E View FIGURE 27 ), if not pigmented ( C. sollicitus ), then without distinct basal digitations...................................... 11

11. Head and mesosoma more sparsely punctured, interspaces about as long as half puncture diameter. Pronotum with a distinct separation between dorsal and anterior faces, pronotal carina developed on lateral thirds; anterior face of pronotum with sparse punctures medially, leaving a large median impunctate area. Propodeum with punctures separated by distinct interspaces. T1 shorter and wider, about 1.4× as long as apically wide ( Fig. 24A View FIGURE 24 ). Almost entirely red species with yellow markings ( Figs 24A, B; 24E View FIGURE 24 )............................................................................... C. flavorufus Selis

- Head and mesosoma more densely punctured, interspaces matte and mostly reduced to narrow ridges. Pronotum without a distinct separation between dorsal and anterior faces, pronotal carina developed on lateral fifths only; anterior face of pronotum with coarse and dense punctures on whole surface. Propodeum with flat-bottomed polygonal cells separated by interspaces reduced to sharp reticulation. T1 longer and narrower, at least 1.8× as long as apically wide ( Figs 27A View FIGURE 27 , 30B View FIGURE 30 ). Black species with few dark-red and/or pale-yellow markings ( Figs 27A, B View FIGURE 27 ; 30B View FIGURE 30 )................................................. 12

12. Pronotal carina obtusely angled on humeri, blunt and not projecting. Dorsal faces of propodeum forming an evenly flattened surface above apical depression.Apical lamella of T2 translucent-ferruginous, not pigmented as preapical thickening of tergite. Black with dark-red pronotum, scutellum and metanotum, and whitish narrow line along anterior margin of pronotum ( Fig. 30B View FIGURE 30 ). Male: F11 claw-shaped, convex and robust ( Fig. 30B View FIGURE 30 ); mid femur largely flattened on anterior face of basal third, forming a distinct ridge along ventral margin............................................... C. sollicitus (Giordani Soika)

- Pronotal carina acutely angled on humeri, forming a subconical sharp projection ( Fig. 27C View FIGURE 27 ). Dorsal faces of propodeum slightly convex above apical depression ( Fig. 27D View FIGURE 27 ), medially separated by a shallow longitudinal depression. Apical lamella of T2 almost entirely pigmented white as preapical thickening of tergite, with only a very narrow hyaline margin ( Fig. 27E View FIGURE 27 ). Black without dark-red areas on mesosoma, and with broader orangish-yellow band on anterior margin of pronotum ( Figs 27A, B View FIGURE 27 ). Male: F11 digitiform, straight and thin ( Fig. 27A View FIGURE 27 ); mid femur with a very small shallow depression basally, not reaching onefifth of the length of the femur ( Fig. 27F View FIGURE 27 ).................................................. C. obscurior sp. nov.