Cyclosa ginnaga Yaginuma, 1959

Cyclosa ginnaga Yaginuma, 1959 View in CoL

Figs 1 View Figs 1 7 , 8 View Figs 8–11

MATERIAL. Russia: Primorsky Krai, surroundings of the Lake Khanka , 18.VII 1968, 1♀, leg. F.Z. Popov.

DIAGNOSIS. Female. Habitus can vary greatly among individuals (Yaginuma, 1959; Tanikawa, 1992a; Zhu &, Zhang, 2011; Kim & Lee, 2012). Our specimen has a brown carapace darker to margins, eye region and posterior edge of head region. Sternum with two symmetrical round white spots. Legs light brown with wide dark brown rings. Abdomen elongated with blunt tip. Distal lateral tubercles are almost absent. Dorsal coloration silver with black outline, 3 pairs of muscle points, one median dark spot at the anterior edge and 3 symmetrical lateral dark spots.

Epigyne as in Fig. 8 View Figs 8–11 . Scape is wide, long and parallel-sided, wrinkled, with obtuse end. Outer edges of lateral lamellae are evenly rounded, inner edges are closed from base to the middle point, and then diverge in an acute angle. Median plate medium-sized, triangle-shaped with almost straight top edge.

REMARKS. In the Russian Far East C. ginnaga may be confused with C. atrata and C. hamulata due to similar shape and coloration of abdomen. In C. ginnaga lateral lamellae of epigyne are closed until the middle and then diverge in an acute angle, edge not curved. Median plate is triangle-shaped, epigyne base is wider than high less than twice. Epigynes of C. atrata and C. hamulata differ by the concave median edges of lateral lamellae, pearshaped median plate and by the shape of the epigyne base: it is twice wider than high.

ECOLOGY. The species is found in mountainous areas in meadows and bushes ( Zhu & Zhang, 2011; Kim & Lee, 2012). Stabilimentum of the web is located at the hub and shaped as an uneven white marking, resembling bird droppings in appearance and size. If extrinsic objects do not get into the web, the spider is well protected from bird attacks ( Tan et al., 2010).

DISTRIBUTION. Russia: Amurskaya Oblast ( Trilikauskas & Sergeev, 2023), Primorsky Krai (new record). – Korea, Japan, Center and East China, Taiwan.