Pithocerithium cattleyae ( Baily, 1858 )

Pithocerithium cattleyae ( Baily, 1858)

Figs 30A–D View FIGURE 30 , 31A–G View FIGURE 31

* Cerithium Cattleyae View in CoL sp. nov. — Baily 1858: 150, pl. 10, fig. 12.

Cerithium Cattleyae Baily— Andrussow 1911: 75 View in CoL , text-fig. 50, fig. 25.

Cerithium Cattleyae Baily— Schwetz 1912: 314 View in CoL , pl. 7, figs 16–17.

Cer [ithium]. cf. rubiginosum Eichw.— Schwetz 1912: 314 , pl. 7, figs 18–20 [non Pithocerithium rubiginosum ( Eichwald, 1830) ].

Cerithium Cattleyae Baily—Davitashvili 1932: 38 View in CoL , pl. 4, figs 8–14.

Cerithium cattleyae Baily— Zhizhchenko 1936: 200 View in CoL , pl. 21, figs 21–25.

Cerithium cattleyae Baily— Volkova 1955: 48 View in CoL , pl. 22, figs 10–11.

Cerithium cattleyae Baily— Zhizhchenko 1959: 249 View in CoL , pl. 16, figs 26–28.

Cerithium cattleyae Baily— Bagdasaryan 1965: 230 View in CoL , pl. 6, fig. 19.

Cerithium cattleyae Baily, 1857 View in CoL — Zelinskaya et al. 1968: 153, pl. 38, figs 3–4.

Cerithium cattleyae Baily, 1856 View in CoL — Volkova 1974: 88, pl. 11, figs 10–11.

Cerithium (Thericium) cattleyae Baily, 1856 View in CoL — Strachimirov 1960a: 286, pl. 59, figs 31–34.

Cerithium (Thericium) cattleyae Baily— Manolov 1960: 205 View in CoL , pl. 2, figs 21–25.

Cerithium (Thericium) cattleyae Baily, 1856 View in CoL — Iljina 1993: 79, pl. 10, figs 2–4.

Cerithium cattleyae Baily, 1856 View in CoL — Iljina 2004: 621, 624, pl. 5, fig. 8.

Cerithium (Thericium) cattleyae View in CoL — Vorobyev 2014: 215, 246, pl. 9.4.2, fig. h, pl. 13.1.2, fig. h.

non Cerithium cf. cattleyae Baily 1856 View in CoL — Krach 1981: 59, pl. 24, fig. 8 [= Pithocerithium sp. ].

Type material. Lectotype designated herein, NHMUK PI TB 27312, SL: 18 mm, MD: 8 mm, Natural History Museum (London, UK), illustrated in Baily (1858: pl. 10, fig. 12a), Fig. 30A View FIGURE 30 . Paralectotype, NHMUK PI TB 27313, SL: 18 mm, MD: 11 mm, Natural History Museum ( London , UK), illustrated in Baily (1858: pl. 10, fig. 12b), Fig. 30B View FIGURE 30 . Mramornaya gully (= “ Gorge of Iphigenia ”) ( Crimea ), Middle Miocene, early Chokrakian .

Illustrated material. PIN 5904 View Materials /62, SL: 23.6 mm, MD: 11.6 mm, Belaya River ( Russia), early Chokrakian, Fig. 30D View FIGURE 30 . PIN 5904 View Materials /55, SL: 26 mm, MD: 12.5 mm, Belaya River ( Russia), early Chokrakian, Figs 30C View FIGURE 30 , 31A View FIGURE 31 1 –A View FIGURE 1 3 View FIGURE 3 . PIN 5904 View Materials /56, SL: 26.3 mm, MD: 12.7 mm, Belaya River ( Russia), early Chokrakian, Figs 31B View FIGURE 31 1 –B View FIGURE 1 3 View FIGURE 3 . PIN 5904 View Materials /57, SL: 24.2 mm, MD: 11.5 mm, Belaya River ( Russia), early Chokrakian, Figs 31C View FIGURE 31 1 –C View FIGURE 1 2 View FIGURE 2 . PIN 5904 View Materials /58, SL: 24 mm, MD: 12.5 mm, Belaya River ( Russia), early Chokrakian, Figs 31D View FIGURE 31 1 –D View FIGURE 1 2 View FIGURE 2 . PIN 5904 View Materials /59, SL: 23.1 mm, MD: 12.5 mm, Belaya River ( Russia), early Chokrakian, Fig. 31E View FIGURE 31 . PIN 5904 View Materials / 60, Belaya River ( Russia), early Chokrakian, Fig. 31F View FIGURE 31 . PIN 5904 View Materials / 61, Belaya River ( Russia), early Chokrakian, Fig. 31G View FIGURE 31 .

Revised description. Medium sized, stocky, ovate shell of about 10–12 teleoconch whorls, with low conical spire, attaining 24–30 mm in height; apical angle 45–50°. Protoconch of 2.5 whorls (dp = ~250 μm). Last protoconch whorl with numerous tubercles and suprasutural thread, slightly angled at mid-whorl on last half-whorl. First teleoconch whorl bicarinate with two even spiral cords. Adapical spiral cord become more prominent after second whorl, coinciding with mid-whorl angulation. Thin secondary spiral sculpture appears adapically on first whorl already, and between primary cords on third whorl. Primary cords develop abapically large, rounded nodes. Vague axial ribs appear on fourth teleoconch whorl, most strongly developed mid-whorl. They change in abapical row of nodes on later whorls. Nodes on adapical spiral cord appear after sixth teleoconch whorl; abapical spiral cord with 10–14 nodes on last whorl. Nodes on abapical spiral cord often becoming smaller and equal to subsutural nodes on last half of last whorl. Primary cords and numerous weak secondary cords transform in subequal, flat, broad bands separated by narrow grooves on late teleoconch whorls. Bands intersecting nodes can be merged. Suture incised, shallowly undulating. Last whorl ovate, attaining 58–61% of total height. Third spiral row of low nodes on penultimate and last whorl just at or below suture. Base convex, strongly constricted with numerous spiral bands separated by narrow grooves, occasionally with more prominent, weakly tuberculate cord at mid-base. Aperture wide, ovate. Columella excavated. Columellar callus forming thick rim, sharply delimited from base. Parietal callus with anal denticle delimiting deeply incised anal canal. Outer lip solid, slightly flaring, not crenulated. Siphonal canal short, moderately wide, slightly deflected to the left. Color pattern of intense yellowish-orange or honey tone dots on nodes.

Discussion. Pithocerithium cattleyae ( Baily, 1858) is characterized by its stocky shape and the sculpture of two very prominent spiral rows of rounded tubercles on the spire whorls. The species is reminiscent of Pithocerithium michelottii ( Hörnes, 1855) , from the Badenian of the Central Paratethys Sea, but P. michelottii is more inflated and has pointed tubercles.

Distribution. Endemic to the early Chokrakian (Middle Miocene) of the Eastern Paratethys Sea.

Paleoenvironment. Shallow marine, inner neritic based on the associated fauna (own data A.G.).

Eastern Paratethys: Early Chokrakian (Middle Miocene): Turkey: Cape Carta, Kurtkuyusu (Sinop District) (Büyükmeriç & Ilgar 2016); Crimea: Lake Chokrak, Malyi Kamyshlak, Mramornaya gully (near Sevastopol), Skelya section, Cape Tarkhan, Yuzmyak, Cape Zyuk ( Baily 1858, Iljina 1993, hoc opus); Ciscaucasia : Belaya, Fars and Kurdzhips rivers, ravine Semikolennyi (Adygeya), Novo-Kuvinsk (Karachay-Cherekessia), Mountain Kamennaya, Kievskoe, Kutais, rocks Rubaily, Mountain Shpil’, Tsetse River near Veselyi (Krasnodar Krai), Bryk Mountain, Yaman-Dzhalga (Stavropol Krai, Russia) ( Iljina 1993, Vorobyev 2014, hoc opus); Transcaucasia : Adzhivan Mountain Ridge, Dzhgali, Gorisa, Kvezani ( Georgia) ( Iljina 1993); Transcaspian Region: Tyub-Karagan Peninsula (Mangystau Region, Kazakhstan); Kopet Dagh Mountain Ridge ( Turkmenistan) ( Iljina 1993).