Ptychocerithium bronnii ( Naumann, 1852 )

Ptychocerithium bronnii ( Naumann, 1852)

Figs 27C, 42A–D View FIGURE 42

[ Cerithium ] Bronni Partsch—Hörnes 1845: 796 [nomen nudum].

[ Cerithium View in CoL ] Bronni Partsch— Hörnes 1848: 21 View in CoL [nomen nudum].

* Cerithium Bronnii — Naumann 1852 View in CoL : plate captions, pl. 69, fig. 21.

[ Cerithium View in CoL ] Bronni Partsch— Naumann 1854: 1066 View in CoL .

Cerithium Bronni Partsch— Hörnes 1855: 407 View in CoL , pl. 42, fig. 12.

Cerithium Bronni— Quenstedt 1884: 499 View in CoL , pl. 204, figs 71–72.

Cerithium Bronni Partsch— Friedberg 1914: 258 View in CoL , pl. 16, fig. 9.

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) Bronni Partsch— Sieber 1937: 493 .

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) bronni Partsch View in CoL — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1954: 22, pl. 2, figs 24, 25, 29, 30. Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) bronni Partsch— Korobkov 1955 View in CoL : plate captions, pl. 25, fig. 15.

C. (P [tychocerithium].) bronni Partsch— Sieber 1958: 137 View in CoL .

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) bronni Partsch View in CoL in Hoernes 1856—Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960: 106, pl. 31, fig. 9.

Cerithium bronni Partsch View in CoL (in Hörnes)— Strausz 1962: 44, text fig. 56.

Cerithium bronni Partsch View in CoL (in Hörnes), 1845— Strausz 1966: 137, text fig. 63.

Cerithium bronni Partsch— Zelinskaya et al. 1968: 153 View in CoL , pl. 38, figs 1–2.

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) bronni Partsch View in CoL (in Hörnes, 1845)— Nicorici 1972: 138, pl. 15, fig. 15.

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) bronni Partsch View in CoL in Hörnes, 1845—Hinculov in Iliescu et al. 1968: 130, pl. 31, fig. 4.

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) bronni Partsch— Bałuk 1970: 118 View in CoL , pl. 10, fig. 16

Cerithium bronni Partsch View in CoL (in Hoernes) 1845— Krach 1981: 60, pl. 16, figs 12–14.

Hemicerithium (Hemicerithium) subcostatum Bałuk, 1975 View in CoL — Švagrovský 1981: 134, pl. 42, fig. 1 [non Thericium subcostatum ( Bałuk, 1975) ].

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) bronni Partsch View in CoL in M. Hoernes, 1856— Švagrovský 1982: 19, pl. 8, figs 2–3.

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) bronni Partsch View in CoL in Hoernes, 1845— Atanacković 1985: 105, pl. 25, figs 5–8.

Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) bronni Partsch— Schultz 1998: 58 View in CoL , pl. 22, fig. 2.

? Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) bronni Partsch View in CoL in Hörnes, 1845— Mikuž 2009: 19, pl. 4, figs 59–60.

non Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) Bronni Partsch— Cossmann 1906: 81 , pl. 4, fig. 2. non Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) Bronni Partsch— Vignal 1911: 148 , pl. 7, fig. 8. non Cerithium bronni Partsch View in CoL in Hoernes, 1845— Collignon & Cottreau 1927: 160, pl. 4, fig. 11. non Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) turritoplicatum Sacco — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1954: 22, pl. 2, figs 26–28 [non Sacco 1895]. non Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) bronni Partsch— Korobkov 1955 View in CoL : plate captions, pl. 25, fig. 15. non Cerithium View in CoL cfr. bronni View in CoL turritoplicatum Sacco— Strausz 1962: 43 , pl. 9, fig. 1 [non Sacco 1895]. non Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) bronni Partsch View in CoL in Hörnes, 1845— Brébion 1964: 239, pl. 6, figs 16–20 [= Ptychocerithium inconditum ( Millet, 1865) ]. non Cerithium View in CoL cfr. bronni View in CoL turritoplicatum Sacco, 1895 — Strausz 1966: 138, pl. 9, fig. 1 [non Sacco 1895]. non Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) turritoplicatum Sacco an sp. dist.— Kókay 1966: 45, pl. 6, fig. 17 [unidentifiable fragment]. non Cerithium bronni Partsch— Urbaniak 1974: 31 View in CoL , pl. 3, figs 4–5, pl. 12, fig. 17. [= Ptychocerithium distinctissimum ( Eichwald, 1851) ]. non Thericium bronni (Hörnes, 1856) View in CoL — Van Dingenen et al. 2016: 110, pl. 1, figs 1–3 [= Ptychocerithium inconditum ( Millet,

1865)]. non Thericium bronni (Hörnes, 1856) View in CoL — Landau et al. 2018: 179, pl. 2, figs 1–2 [= Ptychocerithium sp. ].

Type material. Neotype designated herein, NHMW 2023/0040/0001, SL: 32.1 mm, MD: 11.4 mm, Figs 42B View FIGURE 42 1 –B View FIGURE 1 2 View FIGURE 2 . The illustrations in Naumann (1852) have been provided by Paul Maria Partsch (1791–1856) and Moritz Hörnes, (1815–1868) (see Naumann 1854: 1963, footnote) and were based on material from the Natural History Museum Vienna. The manuscript of Partsch with these illustrations is still preserved and the material was later published by Hörnes (1855). Nevertheless, it is not possible to identify the specimens drawn by Partsch in the collection. Therefore, we designate the specimen illustrated by Hörnes (1855: pl. 42, fig. 12) from Steinebrunn ( Austria) as neotype. This is the same specimen, which was erroneously selected as lectotype by Švagrovský (1982: 19).

Illustrated material. NHMW 1869/0001/0371, SL: 30.5 mm, MD: 9.8 mm, Steinebrunn ( Austria), Figs 42A View FIGURE 42 1 –A View FIGURE 1 2 View FIGURE 2 ; NHMW 2023/0040/0002, SL: 32.2 mm, MD: 10.0 mm, Steinebrunn ( Austria), Fig. 42C View FIGURE 42 ; NHMW 1871/0010/0372, SL: 32.3 mm, MD: 9.8 mm, Steinebrunn ( Austria), Fig. 42D View FIGURE 42 ; NHMW 1870/0033/0152, SL: 18.1 mm, MD: 4.8 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), Fig. 27C.

Additional material. 1 spec., NHMW 1937 View Materials /0002/0303, Steinebrunn ( Austria) , illustrated in Schaffer (1908, pl. 11, fig. 21); 24 spec., NHMW 1855 View Materials /0045/0170, Steinebrunn ( Austria) ; 58 spec., NHMW 1874 View Materials /0033/0015, Steinebrunn ( Austria) , 78 spec., NHMW 1846 View Materials /0037/0367, Steinebrunn ( Austria) ; 3 spec., NHMW 1859 View Materials /0045/0312, Forchtenau ( Austria) ; 1 spec., NHMW 1861 View Materials /0001/0267, Pöls ( Austria) ; 14 spec., NHMW 1865 View Materials /0001/0234, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) .

Revised description. Medium sized, slender conical shell of up to 15 teleoconch whorls, attaining ~ 30–32 mm in height; apical angle 22–26°. Protoconch unknown. Early teleoconch whorls convex with periphery below mid-whorl. Weak, straight to slightly opisthocline, relatively narrow axial ribs crossed by three narrow primary spiral cords with secondary and tertiary spiral threads rapidly intercalated abapically. Abapically, around fifth whorl, ribs become wider spaced, 3–4 narrow cords below suture become coalescent, forming undulating subsutural band, separated by deeper groove, axially elongated subquadrate tubercles form over ribs on subsutural band, weakly pointed tubercles over three primary spirals below. Later teleoconch whorls moderately convex with 1–3 irregularly spaced, prominent varices and somewhat irregular axial ribs. Last whorl broad, convex, moderately high, attaining ~35–38% of total height, with swollen varix roughly opposite aperture and very prominent peribasal spiral cord. Base strongly constricted with distinct neck and short fasciole. Base and fasciole bearing narrow spiral cords. Aperture moderately wide, ovate. Columella deeply and broadly excavated. Columellar callus forming broad rim, sharply delimited from base. Anal canal distinctly incised, moderately narrow, with prominent parietal denticle. Outer lip wide, slightly thickened, with weakly crenulate edge. Some specimens with prominent lirae deep inside coinciding with varix. Siphonal canal moderately short, wide, twisted, distinctly deflected to the left.

Discussion. The authorship of this species was passed by most authors to Paul Maria Partsch (1791–1856), although Partsch used Cerithium bronni only on museum labels. A few authors, such as Nicorici (1972) and Mikuž (2009) referred to Partsch in Hörnes, 1845. In Hörnes (1845), however, the name Cerithium bronni was listed as nomen nudum. The name was made available unintentionally by the illustrations in Naumann (1852), predating the detailed description in Hörnes (1855). Naumann (1852) used bronnii instead of the grammatically correct bronni , which, however, is available according to ICZN Art. 33.4.

The varices and irregularly swollen axial ribs give this species a characteristic, somewhat irregular appearance. Nevertheless, this species was frequently confused with other cerithiids, and consequently the geographic and stratigraphic distribution was obscured by several misidentifications. Ptychocerithium tauroplanata ( Sacco, 1895) and P. transiens ( Sacco, 1895) , from the Early Miocene of Italy, were introduced by Sacco (1895) as subspecies of P. bronnii . Both lack the varices seen in P. bronnii and develop regular axial ribs (see Sacco 1895: 26, pl. 2, figs 43– 45). Cossmann (1906) illustrated a specimen from the Early Miocene of France as Cerithium bronnii , which differs in its much broader axial ribs and absence of varices.Another specimen from the Early Miocene of France described by Vignal (1911) is broader and develops distinct tubercles along a faint mid-whorl angulation and at the subsutural cord and has a much higher last whorl. Glibert (1949) discussed a phylogenetic relation between P. bronnii and P. heptagonum from the Early Miocene of France. Cerithium heptagonum Mayer-Eymar, 1889 differs distinctly from P. bronnii in its much smaller size and the prominent axial ribs, which are continuously aligned across the entire shell ( Mayer-Eymar 1889: 207, pl. 5, fig. 7) (note that Cossmann & Peyrot 1922: pl. 5, figs 74–75 illustrated a specimen with much weaker axial ribs and without axial alignment as seen in C. heptagonum , which nevertheless has little in common with P. bronnii ). The generic placement of Cerithium heptagonum will need revision, but we doubt that it is a Ptychocerithium .

The specimen illustrated by Glibert (1949: 47, pl. 9, fig. 11) as Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) bronni heptagonum is also much smaller and differs from P. bronnii in its broader shell, weaker axial ribs and absence of varices on spire whorls. This species might represent a Thericium .

Van Dingenen et al. (2016) reported P. bronnii also from the Pliocene of the Loire Basin ( France). Their specimens, however, are broad conical with subobsolete axial ribs and prominent sculpture of delicate spiral threads. This seems to be a yet undescribed Thericium species. Specimens from the Tortonian of France, described by Landau et al. (2018) as Thericium bronni differ in their weak varices, weak spiral sculpture and regularly shaped axial ribs and represents an additional species for which Thericium inconditum ( Millet, 1865) is an available name.

All these northeastern Atlantic species are unrelated to P. bronnii . In addition, P. bronnii was described by Collignon & Cottreau (1927) from the Miocene of Madagascar (https://science.mnhn.fr/institution/mnhn/collection/ f/item/r07554). This specimen has a broad conical shell with broad axial ribs, comparatively low whorls and is clearly not conspecific with the European species.

Paleoenvironment. The frequent occurrence at Steinebrunn and Gainfarn ( Austria) suggests inner neritic environments with seagrass cover ( Zuschin et al. 2007; own data M.H.).

Distribution. Widespread in the entire Central Paratethys Sea during the Badenian (Langhian, Early Serravallian).

Central Paratethys. Badenian (Middle Miocene): Nowy Sącz Basin: Niskowa ( Poland) ( Bałuk 1970); Vienna Basin: Baden, Baden-Sooss, Enzesfeld, Gainfarn, Niederleis, Pfaffstätten, Steinebrunn, Vienna /Grinzing, Vienna / Ottakring, Vienna /Pötzleinsdorf ( Austria), Mikulov ( Czechia), Borský Mikuláš, Devínska Nová Ves ( Slovakia) ( Hörnes 1855; Sieber 1937; Švagrovský 1981, 1982); Eisenstadt-Sopron Basin: Forchtenau ( Austria) (hoc opus); Oberpullendorf Basin: Ritzing ( Janoschek 1931); Styrian Basin: Pöls ( Austria) (hoc opus); Pannonian Basin: Budapest (Illés street), Mátraverebély, Sámsonháza ( Hungary) ( Csepreghy-Meznerics 1954; Strausz 1966); Cserhát Hills ( Hungary) ( Strausz 1966); Gorenje Vrhpolje, Dolenja Brezovica ( Slovenia) ( Mikuž 2009); Creek Jazovac, Hrvaćani, Čaklovica ( Bosnia and Herzegovina) ( Atanacković 1985); Mehadia Basin : Valea Bela Reca (Hinculov in Iliescu et al. 1968); Făget Basin: Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) (hoc opus); Dacian Basin: Dobrusha, Dylgodel’tsi, Opanets, Oryakhovitsa, Portitovtsi ( Bulgaria) (Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960).