Trachyaretaon mangyan, Hennemann, 2023

Trachyaretaon mangyan View in CoL n. sp.

( Fig. 64 & 74 N-O)

ZooBank: https://zoobank.org/ 220EF9F7-8E8A-4A3F-A398-7FDF5E8EA0A2

Aretaon echinatus, Zompro, 1996b: 453 , fig 4. (Misidentification). Trachyaretaon echinatus, Zompro, 2004: 212 , fig. (in part – only the illustrated ♂ from Mindoro).

- Hennemann & Conle, 2006: 219, figs. 1-2, 5-6, 10 (in part –

figures show T. mangyan n. sp.).

HT, ♀: Philippinen, Mindoro Island , Mount Halcon, leg. Noel Mohagan 14.IV.-15.V.1996 [ RBINS, ex coll. FH] .

PT, ♂: Philippinen, Mindoro Island , Mount Halcon, leg. Noel Mohagan 14.IV.-15.V.1996 [ RBINS, ex coll. FH] .

PT, 5 ♀, 9 ♂, 4 ♀ (penultimate instar), 8 ♀ (juvenile), 4 eggs: Philippinen, Mindoro Island , Mount Halcon, leg. Noel Mohagan 14.IV.-15.V.1996 [ FH, No’s 0119-1 to 26, E1] .

Differentiation. – Morphologically, this new species comes closest to the Luzonese T.bresseeli n. sp. but is endemic to the island of Mindoro, which represents a biogeographic realm of its own within the Philippine archipelago.With bresseeli it shares the stocky overall shape and rather poorly developed body armature. Females are very similar and may only be separated by the much more distinct and acute medio-longitudinal carina on the meso- and metasternum ( Fig. 71B), broader posteromedian emargination of abdominal sternum VII ( Fig. 71J), somewhat smaller and narrower posteromedian notch of the anal segment ( Fig. 71H) and the less incrassate femora which have all the dentations considerably smaller and less developed. Males can be distinguished by the notably more pronounced and more acute medio-longitudinal carina of the meso- and metasternum, less incrassate metafemora,narrower and basally less expandedanal segment ( Fig. 64L), rounded posterior margin of the poculum (Fig, 64M, bi-lobate and indented medially in bresseeli ) as well as the shape of the vomer, which has the base smaller and the terminal hook notably longer. The eggs ( Fig. 74 N-O) represent the most reliable distinction from bresseeli and clearly separate mangaya n. sp. by having the posterolateral extension of the micropylar very large and expanded towards the anterior.

Fromthe type-species T. echinatus , which also occurs only on Luzon, this new species differs by a good number of characters.Both sexes of T.mangyan n. sp. are comparatively larger (♂ in particular) and have the head and body armature much less developed with the composite posterior meso- and metanotals noticeably lower, merely conical in basic shape and only multi-tuberculated ( Fig. 64B, E, G), whereas these are strongly raised and rather peg-shaped and multi-spinose in echinatus . Females can be distinguished by the very indistinct pair of anterior metonotals (prominent in echinatus ), lack of spines on the abdominal terga ( Fig. 64B), lack of the posteromedian protrusion on abdominal terga VIII and IX, having the median notch of the anal segment comparatively broader and the notch at the tip of the epiproct less obvious ( Fig. 64H). Males are readily separable from those of echinatus by lacking the distinct, dentiform posteromedian protrusion of abdominal terga V-VIII ( Fig. 64E), presence of a rounded impression near each posterolateral angle of the anal segment ( Fig. 64L), more broadly rounded posterior margin of the poculum ( Fig. 64M, rather triangular in echinatus ), slightly different shape of the vomer and lacking the black coxae frequently seen in echinatus .

Interestingly, the eggs resemble those of T. negrosanon n. sp. and T. tumandok n. sp. in having the posterolateral expansions of the micropylar plate very large and expanded towards the anterior ( Fig. 74 N-O), thereby readily differing from eggs of echinatus in which the posterolateral extensions of the micropylar plate are small, simple and slightly posterior-directed ( Fig. 74 C-D). From those of negrosanon these eggs may be distinguished by being somewhat less elongate, the lateral lobes of the micropylar plate being larger and broader and the setae in the anterior portion of the capsule and on the operculum being much shorter and less numerous. From T.tumandok they differ by the much lighter greyish overall colour, notably larger and broader lateral lobes of the micropylar plate and mire developed and more numerous setae in the anterior portion of the capsule and on the operculum.

Etymology. – Mangyan is the generic name for the eight indigenous groups of people who live on the island of Mindoro, the type-locality of this new species.

Description

The colouration of this large and stocky species is described from dried specimens only.

♀ ( Fig. 64 A-B)

Form and colouration. – Moderately sized (body length 80.0-87.0 mm) and of stocky shape for the genus with rather weakly developed body armature and fairly low, but conical and multi-tuberculated posterior meso- and metanotals; body surface sparsely and unevenly tuberculate and with a fine medio-longitudinal carina. General colour variable, mostly various tones of mid to dark brown and occasionally with some dark green and olive, and irregularly speckled with darker; lateral surfaces of abdominal terga II-VII with characteristic inversely V-shaped black marking and sometimes with a triangular black anterior lateral marking ontergum VIII. Two specimens have a pale cream-coloured triangular anterior marking on the mesonotum in of which the marking extends into a medio-longitudinal streak that practically runs along the entire dorsal body surface but becomes increasingly less distinct on the abdomen. Two faint roughly triangular dark brown markings on frons. Eyes dark ochre, antennae dark brown with some light cream-coloured annuli.

Head. – Scarcely longer than wide with vertex moderately inflated, conically rounded and slightly projecting over anterior margin of pronotum; surface sparsely set with granules. Supra-antennals distinct and acutely pointed with some smaller tuberculiform granules around the base; supra-orbitals smaller and rather obtuse; genae with a few irregularly placed, small and rather node-like gulars. The four coronals roughly equal in size, strong and conical; two strong supra-orbitals present that are roughly equal in size to the median coronals; anterior portion of vertex with several variably sized blunt occipital medial tubercles. Eyes strongly projecting and their diameter contained a little more than 2x in length of genae. Antennae with about 26 joints and reaching to posterior margin of abdominal segment III; the median antennomeres strongly elongated.

Thorax. – Pronotum about as long and wide as head and weakly trapezoidal in outline with the anterior margin somewhat deflexed; the transverse median sulcus shallow, gently arched and expanding almost over entire width of segment; surface sparsely and unevenly nodulose. The prominent pair of posterior pronotals represent the largest of the pronotal spines and are strong and conical; anterior portion only with an indistinct and low pair of posterior mesal pronotals, the antero-lateral pronotals small and obtusely conical, the inter-posterior pronotals only represented by small tubercles. Mesothorax gradually ascendant and widened towards the posterior, shape strongly trapezoidal with posterior margin about 2.3x wider than anterior margin; 2.1x longer than prothorax ( Fig. 64A). Mesonotum slightly trapezoidal in outline and only with one or two small pairs of conical post-median mesonotal tubercles(occasional also a small pair of anterior tubercles present); posterior mesonotals rather low, conical and multi-tuberculated with the mediantuberclesomewhat enlarged,strong and conical( Fig. 64B). Lateral margins unevenly tuberculated. Mesopleurae increasingly widened towards posterior and with a strong and conical mesopleural;the antero-lateral, medio-lateral and two of the supra-coxals somewhat enlarged and bluntly spiniform; surface otherwise tuberculated. Metanotum subquadrate with a narrowing medially, the posterior metanotals like those of the mesonotum ( Fig. 64B); in front with a slightly enlargedpair of anterior metanotal tubercles. Metapleural small, the lateral margin unevenly tuberculated and with a strong median supra-coxal; a much smaller supra-coxal present in front and near posterior margin and two slightly enlarged, conical laterals present. Meso- and metasternum with an obtuse medio-longitudinal keel, surface otherwise sparsely granulose; mesosternum with six paired very low and obtuse mesosternals and metasternum only with six small node-like tubercles and median pair posteriorly ( Fig. 71B).

Abdomen. – Median segment almost semi-circular in shape with anterior margin widely rounded; the four posteriors only represented by small nodes, surface otherwise only with some small paired nodes. Segments II-IV roughly uniform in width and length, VI-X narrowing with VI and VII slightly decreasing in length; on average II-V about 2.3x wider than long. Lateral margins of terga V-VII somewhat deflexed and obtusely angular posteriorly; surface of II-V only with a very indistinct pair of latero-anterior and latero-posterior tubercles, otherwise smooth ( Fig. 64B) tovery sparsely set withsome granules but medio-longitudinal carinae increasingly pronounced on V-IX. Sterna smooth except for an anterior and posterior pair of granules. Praeopercular organ formed by a moderately broad, roughly semi-circular median excavation of posterior margin of sternum VII, which otherwise is slightly deflexed androunded on each side of the median excavation ( Fig. 64J). Terga VIII and IX each with a low and obtuse posteromedian swelling that is formed by an excrescence of the medio-longitudinal carina; lateral margins of VIII gently rounded.Anal segment progressively narrowing; the anterior two-thirds strongly descendant and with a distinct and obtuse medio-longitudinal bulge; the posterior margin somewhat inflated and bi-lobate with a wide, triangular indentionmedially( Fig.64H). Epiproctstraight in lateral aspect, about 1.7x longer than anal segment, weakly tectate longitudinally and slightly gradually narrowing towards an obtusely rounded to weakly notched apex ( Fig. 64H). Subgenital plate long, lanceolate and distinctly keeled in the apical half; the apex fairly pointed and slightly surpassing tip of epiproct ( Fig. 64 H-J).

Legs. – Moderately long and slender for the genus, the meso- and metafemora somewhat incrassated subapically. Basal flexure and constriction of profemora moderatelydeveloped;the anteroventralcarina with twodistinct triangular teeth in apical one-third; posteroventral carina only with three slightly indicated teeth; dorsal carinae each with five low teeth that slightly increase in size towards the base of femur, the apical one beingmost distinct and much broadened. All four carinae of meso- and metafemora with five teeth that become larger towards the apex of femur; those on the ventral carinae acutely triangular in shape (sometimes single much smaller intercalated denticles present on metafemora), those on the dorsal carinae rather low; medioventral carina very obtuse and marked by small, densely set granules. Protibiae wholly unarmed, meso- and metatibiae only with a few small ventral denticulations in the apical half. Basitarsus about as long as proceeding three joints taken together.

♂ ( Fig. 64 C-F)

Form and colouration. – Size and general form average for the genus (body length 53.8-59.5 mm), body armature well developed with the posterior meso- and metanotals prominent and multi-tuberculose to subspinose with a strong median spine ( Fig. 64G); body surface sparsely granulated to tuberculated; dorsalsurface witha fine medio-longitudinal carina. Colour with

– A. ♀ paratype, dorsal view [ FH 0119-3 ]. – B . ♀ paratype, dorsolateral view [ FH 0119-3 ]. – C . ♂ paratype, dorsal view [ FH 0119-12 ]. – D . ♂ paratype, dorsolateral view [ FH 0119-12 ]. – E . ♂ paratype, lateral view [ FH 0119-6 ]. – F . ♂ paratype, ventral view [ FH 0119-12 ]. – G . ♂ paratype, head, pro- and mesothorax in lateral view [ FH 0119-6 ]. – H. Terminalia of ♀ paratype in dorsal view [ FH 0497-4 ]. – J. Terminalia of ♀ paratype in ventral view [ FH 0497-4 ]. – K. Terminalia of ♂ in lateral view [ FH 1351-11 ]. – L. Terminalia of ♂ in dorsal view [ FH 1351-12 ]. – M. Terminalia of ♂ in ventral view [ FH 1351-12 ] .

more green tones than in ♀ and irregularly flecked with ochre, brown and some dark orange; the ventral body surface rather buff with some greenish speckles. The lateral markings of the abdominal terga seen in the ♀ are just weakly developed. One specimen has a broad, light cream-coloured medio-longitudinal dorsal streak on the metanotum and basal abdominal terga. Poculum with two roundish black markings posteriorly. Antennae essentially as in ♀ and becoming blackish towards the apex.

Head. – Shape and armature essentiallyas in ♀ but vertex somewhat more conical and all the spines notably larger and more spinose ( Fig. 64G). Eyes relatively much larger, projecting hemispherically and their diameter contained only about 2x in length of genae. Antennae like in ♀ but reaching to abdominal segment IV.

Thorax. – Prothorax generally as in ♀ but armature comparatively much more pronounced; the posterior pronotals in particular strong and spinose ( Fig. 64G). Mesothorax moderately elongate for the genus being 2.4-2.5x longer than the prothorax; anterior two-thirds slender and roughly parallel-sided, posterior portion strongly widened and inflated. Mesonotum unarmed except for a ± enlarged but very low pair of pre-median, median and post-median tubercles, the medio-longitudinal carina distinct but obtuse; posterior mesonotals prominent, strong, spinose and compound with several spiniform tubercles around the base. Metanotum with medio-longitudinal carina more pronounced than on mesonotum, the posterior metanotals generally like those of the mesonotum but even somewhat larger. Pleurae with armature essentially like in ♀ but more pronounced and the mesopleural very strong and spinose. Meso- and metasternum more densely granulose than in ♀ with the medio-longitudinal carina more distinct and obtuse; mesosternum with six indistinct, low and obtuse paired mesosternals; metasternum only with two tuberculiform metasternals.

Abdomen. – Median segment trapezoidal in outline with anterior margin rounded; the first paired posteriors somewhat enlarged and tuberculiform. Segment II trapezoidal, III-VI uniform in width, III-V almost equal in length and on average 1.3x longer than wide; VII notably shorter than all preceding segments and slightly widening towards posterior; V-VII with lateral margins weakly dentiform posteriorly. Terga II-VII unarmed except for latero-posterior pair of tubercles; the medio-longitudinal carinae becoming increasingly raised on V-IX and somewhat rounded and raised posteriorly on VI and VII. Sterna II-VI unarmed except for a small pair of anterior nodes on II-IV; VII acutely keeled longitudinally. Terga VIII and IX transverse with lateral margins moderately deflexed; IX with a faint posteromedian swelling ( Fig. 64K). Anal segment trapezoidal in dorsal aspect being notably narrowed towards the posterior; the lateral margins with a small and obtuse dentiform process anteriorly ( Fig. 64K); the posterior margin somewhat inflated with a shallow excavation medially and the outer angles obtusely rounded; dorsally with a fairly distinct rounded pit near each outer posterior angle ( Fig. 64L). Epiproct small, shield-shaped and scarcely projecting into median excavation of posterior margin of anal segment. Vomer with base very broad, basically widely spearhead-shaped with a rather short terminal hook that is slightly arched towards the right. Cerci strongly compressed laterally, small. Poculum large, bulgy, obtusely cup-shaped ( Fig. 64K) and with an acute medio-longitudinal keel in the vertical posterior portion; posterior margin rounded and moderately labiate ( Fig. 64M).

Legs. – Basically, with armature like in ♀, but all teeth more acute and rather spiniform; hind legs projecting considerably over apex of abdomen. The basal two spines on the two exterior ventral carinae of the metafemora strong. Basitarsus slightly longer and slenderer, the pro- and metabasitarsus notably longer than following three joints taken together.

Variability. – Only slight variability is seen in the colouration and development of the entire armature of the body and limbs.

Nymphs. – As usual for members of Obriminae , nymphs have the body and leg armature much more strongly developed than adult insects, which is very well seen in the series of variously sized nymphs at hand.

Egg ( Fig. 74 N-O)

Moderately sized and fairly broad for the genus; capsule barrel-shaped, almost round in cross-section and almost 1.7x longer than wide. Surface generally smooth but minutely and unevenly pitted; the anterior one-fifth and operculum very sparsely covered with some very short setae. Micropylar plate very large and about 0.7x as long as capsule; median portion broad and the two posterolateral lobes very large, slightly broader than median portion of plate, strongly up-curved and on lateral surfaces of capsule almost reaching to anterior end of plate; surface pitted like capsule and outer margin flat. A deep and fairly indention posteromedially which has a slight narrowing before it widens into the gap, in which is a small and bowl-shaped micropylar cup. Median line short and indistinct Operculum almost round and weakly convex. General colour creamy greyish, the setose anterior portion of capsule and operculum brown; outer margin of micropylar plate blackish. Measurements [mm]: Length 4.7, width 2.5, height 2.8, length of micropylar plate 3.3.

Distribution. – Mindoro.