Campylaspis capsa, Duda & Roccatagliata & Lucatelli & Souza- Filho, 2025

Campylaspis capsa sp. nov.

( Figs. 5–7 View FIGURE 5 View FIGURE 6 View FIGURE 7 )

Material examined. Holotype: 1 subadult male (4.2 mm), T700 N 4#23, 21º4’59.884”S 40º11’29.965”W, 703 m depth, April 2019, MOUFPE 21052 View Materials GoogleMaps . Paratypes: 1 subadult female (4.6 mm), T700 N 4#10, 21°19′43.262″S 40°12′25.232″W, 700 m depth, April 2019, MOUFPE 21050 View Materials GoogleMaps ; 1 subadult male (5.3 mm, dissected and drawn), T700 N 4#15, 21º10’22.228”S 40º12’29.034”W, 732 m depth, April 2019, MOUFPE 21051 View Materials GoogleMaps ; 1 subadult male (3.7 mm, SEM photos), T700 N 4#15, 21º10’22.228”S 40º12’29.034”W, 732 m depth, April 2019, MOUFPE 21051 View Materials GoogleMaps ; 1 subadult male (2.8 mm) C700S 5#10, 23º27’46.746”S 41º6’57.208”W, 680 m depth, April 2019, MOUFPE 21058 View Materials GoogleMaps ; 1 subadult male (5.4 mm), T700 S 5#20, 23º34’18.275”S 41º12’39.838”W, 695 m depth, April 2019, MOUFPE 21680 View Materials GoogleMaps ; 1 subadult female (2.4 mm), T400 C 4#05, 22º38’1.37”S 40º31’13.163”W, 393 m depth, April 2019, MOUFPE 21689 View Materials GoogleMaps .

Diagnosis. Each side of carapace with 2 oblique (upper and lower) ridges, connected anteriorly by a vertical ridge. These 3 ridges enclose a large, shallow, depressed area (A2). Upper oblique ridge well developed, reaching end of carapace. Lower oblique ridge ill-defined, not reaching end of carapace. Dorsally with 3 transverse ill-defined ridges. Eyelobe rudimentary, no lenses. Carapace without spines or tubercles except for tubercles (prominences after Jones, 1974) on either side of frontal lobe. Second pereopod, dactylus 2.3 × carpus length, with a distal digitiform process.

Description of the subadult male (based on the Holotype MOUFPE 21052 and Paratype MOUFPE 21051).

Integument with well-defined hexagonal pattern.

Carapace ( Fig. 5A, B View FIGURE 5 ) 1.6 × longer than wide, without setae, spines or tubercles. Sides with (1) an upper oblique ridge well defined, running from below of pseudorostrum backwards to posterior margin of carapace, portion on pseudorostral lobes serrate, (2) a lower oblique ridge ill-defined not reaching end of carapace and (3) a vertical ridge joining upper and lower oblique ridges, anteriorly. These 3 ridges enclose a large, shallow, depressed area (A2). Dorsal surface of carapace with 3 low transverse ridges: anterior ridge just behind frontal lobe, composed of 3 blunt protuberances (1 at midline and 2 near to end of frontal sutures), median ridge at half-way, and posterior ridge at three-quarters of carapace length. Neither median nor posterior ridges reach the midline of carapace. Median transverse ridge bifurcates distally, getting almost in contact with the posterior transverse ridge, encircling a shallow depression area dorsally. Pseudorostrum straight (not upturned), 0.2 carapace length. Eyelobe much longer than wide, no lenses. Inferior margin of carapace serrate. Note: in the juvenile male (SEM) the right and left transverse median ridges meet on the middle line of carapace ( Fig. 7A, B View FIGURE 7 ).

Pereon, pereonites 3–5, lateral margins serrate.

Pleon ( Fig. 5A, B View FIGURE 5 , Fig. 7C View FIGURE 7 ) pleonites 1–6 with lateral row of teeth; pleonite 5 with a transverse ridge at midway of segment delimiting 2 shallow depressed areas at each side; pleonites 1–5 with scattered teeth ventrally.

Description of the appendages (based on subadult male Paratype MOUFPE 21051).

Antenna 1 ( Fig. 5D View FIGURE 5 ) peduncle of 3 articles. Article 1, 1.2 × as long as article 2, with 4 simple setae and a few distal teeth; article 2 is 1.6 × as long as article 3, with 4 broom setae distally. Article 3 with 1 simple seta and 3 broom setae, distally. Main flagellum of 3 articles, decreasing in length distally, article 2 with 1 aesthetasc, article 3 with 1 aesthetasc and 1 simple seta. Accessory flagellum of 1 article, with 3 simple setae.

*Area 3 (A3): carapace rounded dorsal area delimited by a closed loop of the upper oblique carina (schematized in Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ).

Mouthparts typical of the genus. Mandible with molar process styliform. Second maxilla lost.

Maxilliped 1 ( Fig. 5E View FIGURE 5 ) basis 1.3 × as long as remaining articles together, with 2 coupling hooks; endite with 1 simple and 3 plumose setae. Ischium visible only on one side. Merocarpus 0.7 × basis length with 8 simple setae on inner margin, 1 simple ad 1 setose setae on dorsal surface. Dactylus minute, 0.06 × merocarpus length, with 1 simple terminal seta.

Maxilliped 2 ( Fig. 5F View FIGURE 5 ) basis 0.4 × as long as remaining articles together, with 1 large pappose seta on inner distal angle and 2 short simple setae near outer margin. Ischium short. Merus 0.3 × basis length with 1 large setose seta on outer margin. Carpus 0.7 merus length. Propodus 1.2 × carpus length, with 2 simple setae, outer distal angle with a process extending beyond dactylus teeth. Dactylus with 3 teeth, central one shortest.

Maxilliped 3 ( Fig. 6A View FIGURE 6 ) basis 1.9 × as long as remaining articles together, with 2 setose setae on outer distal margin, teeth on inner margin. Ischium with 2 teeth on inner margin. Merus with 5 simple or barely setose setae on inner margin, 1 large setose seta on distal outer angle, and teeth on both margins. Carpus 0.3 x merus length, with 6 simple or barely setose setae on inner margin and 1 large setose seta on other distal angle, teeth on both margins; propodus 1.2 × as long as carpus, with 3 setose setae and teeth on both margins. Dactylus 0.3 x propodus length, with 3 simple setae distally. Exopod, basis without setae, flagellum of 4 articles (setae not drawn).

Pereopod 1 ( Fig. 6B View FIGURE 6 ) basis 1.1 × as long as remaining articles together, with 1 simple and 3 setose setae, teeth on both margins; Ischium 0.1 basis length, with 1 setose seta. Merus with 5 simple, 1 barely setose and 1 setose setae, both margins with teeth. Carpus 0.7 as long as merus, with 8 barely setose or simple setae, both margins with teeth. Propodus 0.8 as long as carpus, with 3 setose and 2 simple setae; Dactylus 0.5 propodus length, with 6 simple setae. Exopod, basis with few teeth, flagellum of 5 articles (setae not drawn).

Pereopod 2 ( Fig. 6C View FIGURE 6 ) basis 0.6 × as long as remaining articles together, with 2 setose setae. Basis, merus and carpus with strong serrations. Merus 0.8 × as long as carpus with 4 setae (1 barely setose, 3 simple). Carpus with 1 barely setose, 1 simple and 1 robust setae on outer distal angle, and 3 simple setae laterally. Propodus glabrous. Dactylus (including digitiform process) 2.3 × as long as carpus, laterally with simple setae, distally with 4 setae distally (1 minute, 3 large; largest seta with setules) and a terminal digitiform process extending beyond setae insertion (See detail Fig. 6C View FIGURE 6 ; Fig. 7D View FIGURE 7 ). Exopod, flagellum of 5 articles (setae omitted).

Pereopod 3 ( Fig. 6D View FIGURE 6 ) basis 1.2 × as long as remaining articles together, with 4 simple and 2 broom setae. Ischium with 2 simple setae on inner distal angle. Merus with 2 unequal simple setae on inner distal angle. Carpus 1.4 × as long as merus, with 3 setose and 2 simple setae (3 laterally, 2 on outer distal angle) and teeth on both margins. Propodus 0.5 × as long as carpus, with 1 simple seta distally. Dactylus 0.7 × as long as propodus, with 3 simple setae (stronger one 1.5 × as long as article). Exopod, basis and article 1 of flagellum with teeth. Basis with 2 simple setae. Flagellum of 5 articles.

Pereopod 4 ( Fig. 6E View FIGURE 6 ) basis 0.8 × as long as remaining articles together, with 2 simple and 2 broom setae. Ischium with 2 simple setae on outer distal angle. Merus with 2 unequal simple setae on inner distal angle. Carpus 1.3 × as long as merus, with 3 simple and 3 setose setae (4 at mid-way of article, 2 unequal on outer distal angle) and teeth on both margins. Propodus 0.5 × as long as carpus, with 1 simple seta on outer distal angle. Dactylus 0.6 × as long as propodus, with 3 simple setae (stronger one 1.3 × as long as article). Exopod, basis and article 1 of flagellum with teeth. Flagellum of 4 articles.

Pereopod 5 ( Fig. 6F View FIGURE 6 ) basis 0.5 × as long as remaining articles together, with 2 simple and 3 broom setae. Ischium without setae. Merus with 2 unequal simple setae on inner distal angle. Carpus 1.3 × as long as merus, with 4 simple setae (2 at mid-way of article, 2 unequal on outer distal angle), and teeth on both margins. Propodus 0.4 as long as the carpus, without setae. Dactylus 0.9 as long as the propodus, with 3 simple setae (stronger one 1.3 × as long as article). Without exopod.

Uropod ( Fig. 5C View FIGURE 5 ) peduncle 2 × last pleonite length, with strong serration on both margins. Endopod 0.9 × exopod length, 0.4 x peduncle length, inner margin with 4 robust setae (3 lateral, 1 subterminal), distal end with 2 robust setae (1 large, 1 small), outer margin with strong serration. Exopod, distal article, outer margin with 3 simple setae, distal end with 3 serrulate setae (2 subterminal and 1 terminal slightly longer than article).

Etymology. After capsa (Latin: box), refers to the shape of the carapace, being dorsal and lateral surfaces quite flat, and the angle between them about 90 degrees.

Type locality. Campos Basin , off Espírito Santo State, 21º4’59.884”S 40º11’29.965”W, 703 m depth GoogleMaps .

Distribution. Known only from Campos Basin, Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo States, Brazil, 393–732 m depth.

Remarks. Campylaspis capsa sp. nov. is most similar to C. valida Jones, 1984 and C. nowrae Petrescu, 2006 , in that in all three species the lateral depressed area is barely visible in the dorsal view. In C. capsa sp. nov. and C. valida the lower oblique ridge does not reach the end of the carapace. In turn, C. capsa sp. nov. has three dorsal transverse ridges and C. valida has two. In addition, five other species resemble C. capsa sp. nov., i.e., C. vitrea Calman, 1906 ; C. bulbosa Jones, 1974 ; C. ledoyeri Petrescu & Wittmann, 2003 ; C. alisae Corbera, 2008 and C. microsulcata Gerken, 2012 . However, in all these species, (1) the sulci are distinctly visible in dorsal view and (2) the upper oblique ridges are connected with each other across the dorsal surface by a short transverse ridge at posterior third of carapace. This transverse ridge is absent in C. capsa sp. nov. and in C. valida , and apparently is also absent in C. nowrae . Differences between Campylaspis capsa sp. nov. and all the species above mentioned are shown in Table 2 View TABLE 2 .