Pycnoscelus Scudder, 1862

Genus Pycnoscelus Scudder, 1862 View in CoL

Fig. 1 A – C View Figure 1

Pycnoscelus Scudder, 1862: 421; Hebard 1917: 269; Roth 1998: 94; Anisyutkin 2018: 80. Type species: Pycnoscelus surinamensis ( Linnaeus, 1758) = Pycnoscelus obscurus Scudder, 1862, nymph, adventive, by monotypy. View in CoL

Epilampria Tepper, 1894: 174. Type species: Pycnoscelus surinamensis ( Linnaeus, 1758) = Epilampria tatei Tepper, by monotypy. Synonymized by Princis 1964: 263. View in CoL

Diagnosis.

Pycnoscelus species can be easily recognized by the shortened fore tibiae, which is thickened distally with strong spines (Fig. 1 A View Figure 1 ), as well as the right posterolateral corner of male subgenital plate angularly produced and upturned (Fig. 1 C View Figure 1 ).

Description.

Facial part of head and pronotum with distinct punctations. Pronotum with the anterior margin nearly truncate, hind margin convex medially. Anterior margin of fore femur Type C 1. Hind metatarsus longer or nearly equal to the remaining segments combined; armed with large pulvilli, occupying more than half length of the segment (Fig. 1 B View Figure 1 ). Claws symmetrical and unspecialized, arolium present. Subgenital plate covered by the eighth sternum; right style typically large. Male genitalia: right phallomere with R 3 forked caudally, and the left branch usually wider than the right; R 5 sometimes absent. Apical part of sclerite L 2 D well sclerotized, with the sac-like apical membrane wrapped. Sclerite L 3 hooked with small, curved portion. Sclerite L 4 U distinct and divided into two parts.

Worldwide checklist and species grouping of Pycnoscelus

Two groups of Pycnoscelus species were established based on the shape of right style ( Roth 1998):

indicus species group: the right style elongate with apex directed posteriorly; includes 12 species: P. conferta ( Walker, 1869: 148) View in CoL ; P. femapterus Roth, 1998: 108 View in CoL ; P. gorochovi Anisyutkin, 2002: 352 View in CoL ; P. indicus ( Fabricius, 1775: 272) View in CoL ; P. janetscheki Bey-Bienko, 1968: 60 View in CoL ; P. nigra ( Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1865: 280) View in CoL ; P. puteus sp. nov.; P. rothi Anisyutkin, 2002: 355 View in CoL ; P. schwendingeri Anisyutkin, 2018: 80 View in CoL ; P. surinamensis ( Linnaeus, 1758: 424) View in CoL ; P. undulatus sp. nov.; P. vietnamensis Anisyutkin, 2002: 355 View in CoL .

striatus species group: the right style broader, plate-like, with apex directed to the left; includes five species: P. aurantius Hanitsch, 1935: 18 ; P. rufus Bey-Bienko, 1950: 268 View in CoL ; P. semivitreus Princis, 1967: 148 View in CoL ; P. striatus ( Kirby, 1903: 378) View in CoL ; P. tenebrigera (Walker, 1868: 31) .

Note: P. micropterus Hanitsch, 1931 has not been attributed to any group due to the lack of information on its right style. Additionally, there are six unnamed species: Pycnoscelus sp. A Roth, 1998: 121; Pycnoscelus sp. B Roth, 1998: 123; Pycnoscelus sp. C Roth, 1998: 123; Pycnoscelus sp. D Lucañas & Lit, 2016: 9; Pycnoscelus sp. E ( Malaysia, Borneo); Pycnoscelus sp. F ( China, Yunnan). The latter two species are included in this work.