Sipapoantha Maguire & B.M.Boom

Sipapoantha Maguire & B.M.Boom View in CoL

Sipapoantha Maguire & B.M.Boom (1989) 23, 25, f. 17, 18. — Type: Sipapoantha ostrina Maguire & B.M.Boom.

Plants herbaceous or woody shrubs, glabrous. Stems unbranched when herbaceous or branched when woody, quadrangular, with or without 4 narrow wings; interpetiolar line present. Leaves aggregated at the base or evenly dispersed along stem, sessile or petiolate; blade elliptic, ovate to obovate, 1–7.5 by 0.5– 4 cm, yellow in colour when dry, very thick and coriaceous; margin revolute; midvein prominent below, sometimes with 1–2 visible pairs of lateral veins; base narrowly attenuate on basal leaves or obtuse on apical leaves; apex obtuse or acute. Inflorescence terminal, cymose, with 1–2 dichasial branches basally diverging into 2 or more monochasial branches, 1–12-flowered; peduncle up to 14.5 cm long; bracts either leaf-like, up to 10 mm long, or scale-like, about 2 mm long. Flowers pedicellate, 5-merous, showy, erect to nodding at anthesis; pedicel 6 –9 mm long (flowers not known from S. obtusisepala ). Calyx campanulate, 6 –10 mm long, basally fused up to 2/3 of total calyx length, green, thick and coriaceous, persistent and spreading in fruit; lobes oblong or circular, with a thickened dorsal ridge, 3 – 6 mm long; apex acute or obtuse; margin hyaline. Corolla funnelform, dark blue to purple, 5– 96 mm long, deciduous in fruit; lobes 25–32 by 25 mm, circular, overlapping slightly, mucronate; flower bud apex bluntly tapering. Stamens included in corolla mouth; filaments flattened (when dry), of unequal length, 28– 39 mm long, inserted very close to base of corolla tube, widened and winged at the base; anthers lanceolate sagittate, 7– 8 mm long, straight after anthesis, versatile, with a sterile apex; pollen in tetrads with pilate to verrucose exine (fide Nilsson 2002). Ovary sessile, with a glandular disk below ovary; style flattened in fruit (when dry, then also twisted), persistent or deciduous; stigma broadly bilamellate (corolla, stamen and pistil characters not known from S. obtusisepala ). Capsule ellipsoid, 10 –18 mm long, green when immature, brown at maturity, woody, dehiscing medially, horizontal to nodding. Seeds angular, roughly cubical or conical, 0.2 – 0.8 mm diam, brown.

Additional Sipapoantha ostrina examined. VENEZUELA, Amazonas, Dept. Atures, sandstones of Cerro Cuao, Caño Cabeza de Manteco , 73 km SE of Puerto Ayacucho, 1580 msnm, 05°06'N 67°24'W, Sept. 1989, Ang. Fernández et al. 6236 ( MO) GoogleMaps ; Cerro Cuao ,summit of the northern section,grasslands, shrubs and rock outcrops on south facing slope , 1600 m, 5°4'N 67°24'W, 11 Feb.1993, Huber 13541 (U); Cerro Sipapo ( Park), North mountain at GoogleMaps 2000 m, 6 Dec. 1948, Maguire & Politi 27527 ( holotype NY; isotypes GH n.v., S n.v., US, VEN n.v.) ; Cerro Sipapo ( Park), North mountain at 2000 m, 6 Dec. 1948, Maguire & Politi 27527A ( NY) ; Cerro Sipapo ( Park), lower Caño Negro , at 1400 m, 1 Jan. 1949, Maguire & Politi 28092 (K, NY) ; Cerro Sipapo ( Park), Savanna Camp to Caño Profundo and East Terrace via Caño Negro , 1600 m, 8 Jan.1949, Maguire & Politi 28219 ( NY,P n.v., VEN); Cerro Sipapo , 1500 m, 15 Jan. 1981, Maguire et al. 65702 ( NY (DNA voucher)); Cerro Autana, Summit of the Cerro Autana: savanna and dangerous outcrops , 1230–1240 m, 4°52" N 67°27 " W, 20–22 Sept. 1971, Steyermark 105123 ( NY, U); Cerro name each taxon colour purple-blue,, yellow white red blue,, yellow white,, - blue, * purpurascens ), yellow Corolla blue green purple green purple ( Ch. white below parentheses al. 2008.) texture / colour / green / green coriaceous green coriaceous / coriaceous / green green / coriaceous, chartaceous red / purplish-red yellow,, green or ,

Numbers in Struwe et ( Calyx Calyx coriaceous orange. species Roraimaea merosity Sipapoantha to moved Flower - 5 merous - 5 merous 5 merous - -) merous 5 - 5 merous - merous - 6 -) new the which has been Leaf margin revolute revolute revolute ( flat quelchii . R revolute flat flat (revolute. P montana with

, shared coccineus Leaf colour dry when those. R yellow yellow green green green green bold are include rarely) in Characters not does Leaf texture coriaceous coriaceous coriaceous subcoriaceous chartaceous (subcoriaceous coriaceous. characters circumscription or or this ten morphological in Rogersonanthus position Leaf along stem evenly dispersed dispersed evenly at aggregated the or base evenly dispersed aggregated at branch apex dispersed evenly dispersed evenly at aggregated base - in herbs aggregated / at apex branch when woody using Note: (some- at (woody) obtusisepala obtusisepala . Habit woody herbaceous woody herbaceous herbaceous woody times) the base herbaceous P. montana Sipapoantha with. with S shared distri- by region Highlands Highlands Highlands Highlands, America, Highlands,, Andes Highlands Highlands of five taxa characters Geographic bution Guayana Guayana Guayana Brazilian Central Guayana Amazon Brazilian Brazilian comparison the of number characters) species new obtusisepala 8) () 7) (5 5 ()) Table A 1 represent Taxon # (of with shared Sipapoantha (. ostrina S Rogersonanthus Calolisianthus Chelonanthus (3 Prepusa

Sipapo, Dept. Atures, summit of northern section, savanna type vegetation along a small stream, 1500 m, 5°N 67°30' W, 17 Feb. 1981, Steyermark et al. 124554 ( MO, NY) GoogleMaps .