Anachis veleda ( Duclos, 1846 )

Anachis veleda ( Duclos, 1846) View in CoL revalidated ( Fig. 33 View Figure 33 C-F)

Colombella veleda Duclos, 1846 View in CoL : pl. 7, fig. 19-20.

Anachis veleda View in CoL : Rios, 1970: 87 (pl. 25), 1975: 97 (pl. 28, fig. 405),2009:237 (fig. 586); Abbott,1974:196; Calvo, 1987: 146 (fig. 114).

Anachis lyrata View in CoL : Radwin, 1977: 120 (part); Rios, 1985: 95 (pl. 33, fig. 414), 1994: 124 (pl. 40, fig. 526); Díaz & Puyana, 1994: 190; MolluscaBase, 2023 (part) (non Sowerby I, 1832).

Type locality: Not stated. [Boa Viagem, Brazil SD by Radwin (1977), lectotype].

Remarks: Anachis veleda was traditionally regarded as the Atlantic counterpart to the Pacific species A. lyrata (Sowerby I, 1832) . In the Radwin′s (1977) classification, both species were treated as synonyms. This viewpoint was followed by several subsequent authors. Beyond the geographical separation of their populations, there have notable conchological distinctions, prompting us to question this synonymy.

In Fig. 33 View Figure 33 A-B, two of the three syntypes of A. lyrata (from Panama Bay, Pacific) are illustrated, accompanied by a pair of typical shells from Brazil, one of them collected in the type locality designated by Radwin (1977) ( Fig. 33E View Figure 33 ). Four noteworthy differences, numbered in the figure, can be observed: (1) the apex of A. veleda ( Fig. 33C, D View Figure 33 ) is more sharply pointed than that of A. lyrata ( Fig. 33A, B View Figure 33 ); (2) A. veleda exhibits rounded whorls, while A. lyrata shows somewhat shouldered whorls, especially in the superior tip of the axial threads; (3) the aperture of L. veleda is generally more open compared to the compressed aperture of L. lyrata , which is characterized by a thick outer lip; furthermore, the aperture of L. veleda is shorter relative to the spire compared to L. lyrata ; (4) in the inferior peri-umbilical region of the last whorl, A. veleda is uniformly white, with rare pigmentation, while A. lyrata displays a mosaic of interrupted spots along the local lirae. The specimen shown in Fig. 33D View Figure 33 is a rare A. veleda with pigmentation in this region, in the empirical rank of ~0.5%; even in these cases, the mosaic is much simpler than that of A. lyrata . While there is some variation in both species, and certain characteristics may overlap in rare cases, the vast majority of specimens adhere to the described patterns.

Another issue concerning A. veleda revolves around the illustration ( Fig. 33F View Figure 33 ), designated by Radwin (1977) as the lectotype of the species. Apart from the distinctive successive dark, elongated, spirally aligned spots characteristic of both species, the illustration bears little resemblance to actual specimens of A. veleda or A. lyrata . Duclos (1846) did not specify a type locality for his Colombella veleda , and, to the best of our knowledge, no type specimen exists. Additionally, there is no clarification on how Radwin arrived at the location ‘Boa Viagem,′ a name common in several states in Brazil, with the most renowned being a beach in Recife, the capital of Pernambuco. Until proven otherwise, the discrepancies in the original illustration of A. veleda (and its lectotype) are considered the result of artistic liberty. The imprecision regarding the type locality is interpreted here as Boa Viagem beach in Recife, Pernambuco. See topotype in Fig. 33E View Figure 33 .

Material examined: BRAZIL. Pernambuco; Recife, Boa Viagem , 08°07′54.23″S 34°54′08.67″W, MSP 31255 , 5 spm (Simone col., 13.vii.1999) GoogleMaps ; Ipojuca, Porto de Galinhas , 08°29′S 35°00′W, MZSP 31288 View Materials , 1 View Materials spm (Simone col., 16.vii.1999) GoogleMaps . Bahia; Salvador, Praia de Itapuã , 12°57′08″S 38°21′56″W, MZSP 28418 View Materials , 2 View Materials spm (Simone col., 23.x.1997), Ribeira , 12°55′06.69″S 38°30′12.72″W, MZSP 28495 View Materials , 3 View Materials spm (Simone, col., 24.ii.1997) GoogleMaps . Espírito Santo; Guarapari , 20°39′28″S 40°30′39″W, MZSP 911070 View Materials , 7 View Materials spm (Femorale) GoogleMaps . São Paulo; São Sebastião , Praia Grande , 23°49′17.42″S 45°24′37.45″W, MZSP 107619 View Materials , 3 View Materials spm ( V. S. Amaral col., 12.vii.2010) GoogleMaps ; BaraqueÇaba , 23°49′40″S 45°26′13″W, MZSP 30858 View Materials , 2 View Materials spm (Simone col., 27.ix.1998). Plus 182 MZSP lots not listed here GoogleMaps .