Nhanduara pytun Festa, Faria & Waichert, 2025

Nhanduara pytun Festa, Faria & Waichert , sp. nov.

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( Figs 1–4 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 )

Diagnosis. Large wasps ( 10–15 mm). Tegument with white, semi-erect setae, abundant on propodeum. Male clypeus 3 × wider than long, with two small distinct depressions (resembling dimples), and the apical margin cut, forming a distinct arch (as if lateral margins were projected). Female clypeus with a straight apical margin and well defined lateral margins; apical margin distinctly longer (2.2 ×) than the lateral margin. Scutellum distinctly swollen at its center. Apex of fore tibia without a stout and curved spine. Dorsal edge of hind tibia of both sexes without a serrate margin, only with sparse, small spines, arranged in lines. Additionally, in males, fore claws with the external tooth strongly curved at its base and the internal tooth asymmetrical, with a flat base, resembling a triangle. Venation long. SMC3 ca. 2 × longer than SMC2. 3rs-m about 2 × (2.2 × in males and 1.7 × in females) longer than 2rs-m. Fore wing with ⅔ of the base yellow and a semi-hyaline extremity, divided by a dark circle in the females, and a darkened band in the males.

Description. Holotype, male ( Figs 1A View FIGURE 1 ; 2B–E View FIGURE 2 ; 3 View FIGURE 3 ). Color. Integument black ( Fig. 1A View FIGURE 1 ); metasoma, tibiae, and tarsi dark brown—without conspicuous change in color; antennal segments dark castaneous, flagellomere 6 and ⅓ of flagellomere 7 light yellow, ventral surface of flagellomere segments 1–5 ocher/orangish. Wings yellowish; fore wing distinctly becoming semi-hyaline towards its apical margin, with an incomplete darkened band partially covering the distal portion of marginal cell, fully covering SMC2, basal portion of SMC3 and distal portion of discal 2; venation castaneous. Pubescence. Long, suppressed, faint-golden, present on vertex, gena and mandible, coxae, mesepisternum, and propodeum; face with abundant-golden, shiny, apressed pubescence from clypeus to below antennal insertion; wings covered with short and appressed setae. Pubescence simple in terga and sterna; some sparse setae, distinctly longer, appear in S2. Head ( Fig. 2B View FIGURE 2 ). Nearly round, TFD 1.3 × FD. Compound eyes almost parallel, UID 1.05 × LID, inner margin barely sinuate, eye setae absent. Ocelli in slightly acute triangle; lateral ocelli rounded, medial ocellus ellipsoid; lateral ocelli ca. 3 × closer to the medial ocellus ( 0.08 mm) than to each other ( 0.23 mm); lateral ocelli closer to each other than to compound eyes, POL 0.53 × OOL. Vertex slightly arcuate in frontal view. Posterior face of vertex and gena convex. Front with rounded swelling between antennal sockets, sulcus extending from the swelling to ⅕ of eye’s length. Mandible dentate, with one sharp tooth basal. Clypeus distinctly wider than long, its length 3.1× total width, trapezoidal, somewhat trilobed; apical median margin concave, with small trapezoidal projection downward, corners projected downward as a triangular extension, each scoped, dorsally lateral projection with small distinct depression, resembling dimples ( Figs 2B, C View FIGURE 2 ). Malar space absent. Gena expanded, in lateral view 0.5 × width of eye at midline. Labial palpomeres short, 4- segmented; palpomere about the same length. Maxillary palpomeres 5-segmented, elongate, palpomere 3–5 about the same length, segments 1–2 shorter, segment one shortest. Occipital carina complete. Antennae elongate, first flagellomere more than 5 × longer than wide. Mesosoma ( Fig. 2D View FIGURE 2 ). Anterior surface of pronotum smoothly sloping to colar; pronotum, in dorsal view, 2.6 × shorter than scutum; with a well defined pronotal fovea; posterior margin slightly arcuate. Scutum with parapsidial lines almost complete. Scutellum large, distinctly swollen at its center. Metanotum with a conical projection covered with sparse white-goldish bristles. Postnotum smooth, with ca. ⅓ of the size of the metanotum, about 2.6 × shorter. Propodeum elongate, flat, declivity inconspicuous; without striae; undistinguished separated from the metapleura. Forewing with marginal cell lanceolate, about 2 × as long as its distance from wing tip. Fore wing with 3 SMCs; 1rs-m vein curved towards wing base; 2r-m vein straight; 3rsm vein curving posteriorly toward wing apex then at posterior third back towards wing base, narrowing SMC3 posteriorly; SMC 3 about 2× longer than SMC2. Fore wing with vein cu-a meeting CuA distad to branching of M and M+ CuA ; discal 2 without slight pocket at its inner base; 2m-cu vein meeting CuA 1 vein more than half the distance from base of discal 2 to the wing margin; M vein developed from SMC3 to wing margin ( Fig. 2E View FIGURE 2 ). Hindwing with cu-a vein forming abrupt angle with A, then smoothly, sinuously curved from A vein, meeting M+ CuA distinctly before origin of CuA . Cluster of hamuli situated at branching of C from Sc+R+Rs. Tibiae smooth with reduced, almost absent, spines, mostly arranged in line; brush on inner side of hind tibia, thin, continuous to apex. Longer hind tibial spur 0.4 × hind basitarsus length. Apicoventral setae on hind apical tarsomere broad and flattened. Mid and hind tarsal claws dentate, with inner tooth narrower than and shorter in height to and about twice its own height from apical tooth. Fore claws bifid and asymmetrical; outer tooth strongly curved basally and inner tooth triangular but apically truncated. Metasoma. T1 distinctly petiolate and with lateral margin curved upward; lateral crease on T1 absent. Genitalia ( Figs 3A, B View FIGURE 3 ). Paramere slightly longer than aedeagus, aedeagus about 0.9 × as long as paramere’s length; apex truncate, facing ventrally, covered with erect bristle; middle portion with erect bristle; wide, slightly concave in lateral view, with two dorsal projections: one thin, apical, edging with apex of paramere, apex truncate; second projection medial, large flatten-squared shape, basal side of square longer than apical side, apex truncate. Digitus about 0.4 × total genitalia’s length, measured from basevolsella; internal margin with long, erect bristle, digitus’s length with thin long setae; width about constant along length; apex truncate, inner margin with small-digit project. Parapenial lobe short, 1.4 × as long as paramere; median portion slightly angulate, somewhat kneeled; apex rounded. Aedeagus delicate elaborate, dorsal view with two constrictions, medially and 1/4 apical; ventral projection, angulate, reaching the median constriction; digital projection at 1/3 apical, base wider. Apex of aedeagus bilobated, rounded. Subgenital plate basally large, slightly convergent towards apex; apical portion obtusely angulate, with scarce thin hair ( Fig. 3C View FIGURE 3 ); flattened in lateral view. Measurements. Body length: 10 mm; forewing length: 9.5 mm; UID: 1.32 mm; MID: 1.37 mm; TFD: 2.41 mm; LID: 1.25 mm; FD: 1.89 mm; OOL: 0.43 mm; POL: 0, 23 mm; ocelli lateral-medial: 0.08 mm; clypeus (width × length): 1.18 mm × 0.38 mm; SMC2 (base): 0.8 mm; SMC3: 1.58 mm; marginal cell: 2.14 mm; marginal cell-wing tip: 1.18 mm; pronotum: 0.49 mm; scutum: 1.29 mm; metanotum: 0.35 mm; postnotum: 0.11 mm; last maxillary palpus: 0.44 mm; F3: 0.8 mm.

Variation in males. Body length: 8.8–10 mm. Fore wing: 8.6–9.5 mm. The male paratype have ventral surface of flagellomere segments 1–5 brown.

Allotype, female ( Figs 1B View FIGURE 1 ; 4B–G View FIGURE 4 ). Color. Integument color similar to the male ( Fig. 1B View FIGURE 1 ); antennal segments dark castaneous, flagellomere 4, 5 and ⅔ of flagellomere 6, light yellow, and ventral surface of flagellomere 1–4, ocher/orangish. Wings and venation similar to the male; forewing with a dark spot partially covering apical bottom half of SMC2, basal bottom half of SMC3 and apical upper half of discal 2 ( Fig. 4G View FIGURE 4 ). Pubescence. Prementum with short and thick bristles, forward-directed; pubescence of head, mesosoma and wings similar to male, but generally more developed. S2–S4 covered with developed bands of short and erected setae ( Fig. 4E View FIGURE 4 ). Pubescence on T1–T5 simple; posterior half of T6 presenting long, erect, and sparse setae ( Fig. 4F View FIGURE 4 ). Head ( Fig. 4 View FIGURE 4 ). Round face, TFD 1.1 × FD. Compound eyes slightly convergent at the top, UID 0.83 × LID. Ocelli similar to the male; lateral ocelli ca. 3.6 × closer to the medial ocellus ( 0.13 mm) than to each other ( 0.48 mm); lateral ocelli closer to each other than to compound eyes, POL 0.48 × OOL. Vertex straight in frontal view. Front similar to the male. Mandible bidentate. Clypeus large, truncate, distinctly wider than long, its length 2.3 × total width; slightly arched; distal margin with median portion rounded, corners differentiate. Malar space absent. Gena, labial and maxillary palps, supra-antennal area, median sulcus, and occipital carina similar to the male. Antennae elongate, first flagellomere more than 6 × longer than wide. Mesosoma ( Figs 4B, C View FIGURE 4 ). Pronotum as described for the male; in dorsal view, 3 × shorter than scutum; with a subtle pronotal fovea; posterior margin arcuate. Scutum, scutellum and metanotum similar to the male ( Fig. 4B View FIGURE 4 ). Postnotum smooth, with ca. ⅓ of the size of the metanotum, about 3.4 × shorter. Propodeum large, rounded-shaped in profile view, with smooth declivity; declivity shorter than dorsum, rather flattened; without striae. Forewing similar to the male except for marginal cell about 1.7 × as long its distance from wing tip; cu- a meeting CuA more distad to branching of M and M+ CuA ; M vein not developed from SMC3 to wing margin ( Fig. 4G View FIGURE 4 ). Hindwing similar to the male. Tibiae and tarsi similar to the male. Claws dentate, inner tooth narrower than and about twice its own height from apical tooth. Mid and hind tibia with reduced spines, mostly arranged in lines; dorsal edge, inner brush and longer tibial spur of hind tibia similar to the male. Tarsi as described for the male. Metasoma. Transverse sulcus of the second sternum conspicuous; disc of T6 slightly differentiated, but not polished, with a round, swelled and shiny area covered with a few erected bristles (not always visible on females that have their metasoma straight and not projected forward) ( Fig. 4F View FIGURE 4 ). Measurements. Body length: 15 mm; forewing length: 11.8 mm; UID: 1.44 mm; MID: 1.71 mm; TFD: 3.15 mm; LID: 1.74 mm; FD: 2.79 mm; OOL: 0.48 mm; POL: 0.23 mm; ocelli lateral-medial: 0.13 mm; clypeus (width × length): 3.64 mm × 1.6 mm; SMC2 (base): 1.09 mm; SMC3: 2.27 mm; marginal cell: 2.67 mm; marginal cell-wing tip: 1.52 mm; pronotum: 0.59 mm; scutum: 1.79 mm; metanotum: 0.52 mm; postnotum: 0.15 mm; last maxillary palpus: 0.54 mm; F3: 0.98 mm.

Variation in females. Body length: 15–15.5 mm, fore wing length: 11.7–13 mm. The females that died with the metasoma projected forward (as if stinging) have the sterna closed, and the disc of tergum 6 is hidden.

Type material. HOLOTYPE male, “ Brasil, PR, Foz do Iguaçu ,\Parque das Aves, 200m \P3 25.6161º S, 54.4844º W,/ 01-15.x.2019. Malaise. M. C.\ R. Boiarski e E.D. G.Soares ”, “UNB\168027” (DZUB). GoogleMaps

ALLOTYPE female, “ Brasil, PR, Foz do Iguaçu ,\Parque das Aves, 200m \P4 25.6175º S, 54.4873º W,/ 01- 15.x.2019. Malaise. M. C.\ R. Boiarski e E.D. G.Soares ”, “UNB\168028” (DZUB). GoogleMaps

PARATYPES: 1 female, “ Brasil, PR, Foz do Iguaçu ,\Parque das Aves, 200m \P3 25.6161º S, 54.4844º W,\ 01- 15.iii.2019. Malaise. M. C.\ R. Boiarski e E.D. G.Soares ”, “UNB\168024” (DZUB) GoogleMaps ; 1 male, “ Brasil, PR, Foz do Iguaçu ,\Parque das Aves, 200m \P3 25.6161º S, 54.4844º W,\ 15-31.i.2019. Malaise. M. C.\ R. Boiarski e E.D. G.Soares ”, “UNB\168025” (DZUB) GoogleMaps .

Additional material. 1 female, “ Brasil, PR, Foz do Iguaçu ,\Parque das Aves, 200m /P4 25.6175º S, 54.4873º W,\ 1-15.x.2019. Malaise. M. C.\ R. Boiarski e E.D. G.Soares ” (CEDU/UNILA) GoogleMaps ; 1 female, “ Brasil, PR, Foz do Iguaçu ,\Parque das Aves, 200m \P3 25.6161º S, 54.4844º W,\ 01-15.xi.2019. Malaise. M. C.\ R. Boiarski e E.D. G.Soares ” (CEDU/UNILA) GoogleMaps .

Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Guarani “ pytũ ”, meaning “dark”, resembling the overall color of the new species. In accordance with the Article 11.2 of the ICZN, the final “ũ” in “pytũ” becomes “un”, respecting the 26-letter Latin alphabet and preserving the phonetic of the original name. Noun in apposition.