Elampini, Dahlbom, 1854

Elampini

These wasps are mostly larval parasitoids of ground-nesting aculeate hymenopterans (e.g., Kimsey and Bohart, 1991). Although these wasps are found worldwide, the highest diversity is recorded in the arid parts of the Nearctic and Palearctic regions. The Elampini are comparatively rarer than Chrysidini , usually with fewer specimens in the Brazilian collections. Currently, 20 species are recorded in Brazil, distributed in seven genera.

Elampus Spinola, 1806

Elampus Spinola, 1806: 10 . Type species: Chrysis panzeri Fabricius, 1804: 172 , designated by Latreille (1810: 437).

Ellampus Agassiz, 1847: 135. Unjustified emendation of Elampus Spinola, 1806 .

Notozus Förster, 1853: 351. Type species:Notozus frivaldszkii Förster, 1853: 332, designated by Ashmead (1902: 228). Junior synonym of Elampus Spinola , according to Huber and Pengelly (1978).

Distribution in Brazil. Bahia, Ceará, Minas Gerais, Pará, Roraima, Santa Catarina, São Paulo.

Comments. Elampus roughly comprise 60 valid species in the world, with the highest diversity found in the Nearctic and Palearctic regions (e.g., Huber and Pengelly, 1978; Kimsey and Bohart, 1991). Little is known about the biology of these minute wasps, but some species were recorded as nest-parasites of ground-nesting Crabronidae (e.g., Kimsey and Bohart, 1991). Although widespread in the world, the diversity of Elampus is comparatively low in the Neotropical region, with most species rarely represented in the collections ( Lucena and Gomes, 2016; Lucena et al., 2022). Three species are recorded in Brazil: one is widespread in the country, one is restricted to the Amazon Forest, and another is known from a single record in the Atlantic Forest.

Elampus aequinoctialis Ducke, 1901

Ellampus (Notozus) aequinoctialis Ducke, 1901: 359 . Lectotype female (MPEG HHY 11062003), designated by Lucena and Gomes (2016: 560). BRAZIL, Pará: Belém, 25.vii.1901, A. Ducke.

Ellampus aequinoctialis ; Ducke (1904a 1).

Elampus gayi Spinola; partim, synonymy with E. aequinoctialis, Ducke (1910b 2, 1911a, 1913), Lucena and Gomes (20163).

Notozus aequinoctialis ; Bischoff (1910, 1913).

Elampus aequinoctialis ; Kimsey and Bohart (1991), Lucena et al. (20224).

Distribution. BRAZIL, Bahia: Jequié 3, Ceará: Baturité 4, Caridade 2, Minas Gerais: Passa Quatro 3, São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras 3, Santa Vitória 4, Pará: Belém 1, Itaituba 1, Santa Catarina: Seara [Nova Teutônia] 4, São Paulo: Itirapina [Estação Ecológica de Itirapina] 4, Luiz Antônio [Estação Ecológica Jataí] 3, Teodoro Sampaio 3,4.

Biome. Amazon Forest, Atlantic Forest, with records from the transition zones among Atlantic Forest, Caatinga, and Cerrado.

Elampus macuxi Lucena, 2016

Elampus macuxi Lucena, 2016: 560 (in Lucena and Gomes, 2016). Holotype male ( MZSP #04675 ). BRAZIL, Roraima: Pacaraima [Surumu], September 1966, M. Alvarenga and F.M. Oliveira.

Elampus macuxi ; Santos et al. (2017).

Distribution. BRAZIL, Roraima: Pacaraima [Surumu].

Biome. Amazon Forest.

Elampus pulchricollis Ducke, 1911

Ellampus pulchricollis Ducke, 1911a: 113 . Holotype female (by monotypy) ( MPEG HHY 11062002 View Materials ). BRAZIL, Minas Gerais: Barbacena , 24.x.1905, A. Ducke.

Ellampus pulchricollis ; Ducke (1913), Nascimento (1979).

Notozus pulchricollis ; generic combination by Bischoff (1913).

Elampus pulchricollis ; Kimsey and Bohart (1991), Lucena and Gomes (2016), Lucena et al. (2022).

Distribution. BRAZIL, Minas Gerais: Barbacena.

Biome. Atlantic Forest.

Exallopyga French, 1985

Exallopyga French, 1985: 620 . Type species: Hedychrum jenseni du Buysson, 1909: 196 , by original designation.

Distribution in Brazil. Amapá, Amazonas, Bahia, Ceará, Distrito Federal, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Pará, Paraíba, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo.

Comments. This Neotropical genus includes three valid species ( French, 1985). There are no records of hosts for this genus. Exallopyga guatemalensis (Cameron) is the most widespread species in South America and is the sole one recorded in Brazil; it is found in the Amazon Forest, along the east coast in the Atlantic Forest, and Cerrado (Lucena et al., 2022).

Exallopyga guatemalensis ( Cameron, 1888)

Hedychridium guatemalense Cameron, 1888: 459 . Lectotype female (NHMUK), designated by French (1985: 623). GUATEMALA, Alta Verapaz [Panzós], “Zapote”.

Chrysis andrei Mocsáry, 1889: 215 . Holotype male (MNHN). BRAZIL. Junior synonym of Hedychridium guatemalense Cameron , according to French (1985).

Holopyga guatemalensis; Mocsáry (1889), Dalla Torre (1892).

Holopyga kohli du Buysson, 1901: 100 . Holotype female (MNHN). BRAZIL. Junior synonym of Hedychridium guatemalense Cameron , according to French (1985).

Holopyga (Hedychridium) pallidolimbata Ducke, 1903a: 133 . Holotype female (by monotypy) (MNHN EY25530). BRAZIL, Pará: Itaituba [Rio Tapajós], 17.viii.1902, A. Ducke. Junior synonym of Hedychridium guatemalense Cameron , according to French (1985).

Hedychridium guatemalense ; Bischoff (1913).

Exallopyga guatemalensis; generic combination by French (19851); Kimsey and Bohart (1991), Zanella and Lucena (20142), Lucena and Almeida (20223), Lucena et al. (20224).

Distribution. ARGENTINA, Buenos Aires: Moreno 1, Entre Ríos: Pronunciamiento 1, Misiones: San Antonio 1, Iguazu National Park 1, Tucumán: San Miguel de Tucumán [Horco Molle] 1, Salta: San Ramón de la Nueva Orán [“Río Pescado”] 1, BRAZIL, Amapá: Macapá [São Joaquim do Pacuí] 4, Amazonas: Barcelos [Parque Nacional do Jaú] 4, Manaus [Embrapa Ocidental, Reserva Adolpho Ducke] 4, Bahia: Ilhéus 4, Ceará: Baturité 4, Distrito Federal: Planaltina 4, Maranhão: Bom Jardim [Reserva Biológica do Gurupi] 4, Mato Grosso: Sinop 1, Minas Gerais: Marliéria [Parque Estadual do Rio Doce] 3, Pará: Alenquer 4, Belém 1, Itaituba [Rio Tapajós], Tucuruí 1, Paraíba: Santa Teresinha [Fazenda Tamanduá] 2, Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro[Floresta da Tijuca,Represa Rio Grande] 1, Mangaratiba[Ilha de Jaguanum] 1, São Paulo: Cosmópolis 1, Itirapina [Estação Ecológica de Itirapina] 3,4, Luiz Antônio [Estação Ecológica Jataí] 3,4, Rio Claro [Horto Florestal] 4, COSTA RICA, Cartago: Turrialba 1, Heredia: Puerto Viejo [La Selva, 4 km SE Puerto Viejo] 1, Guanacaste: Santa Rosa 1, COLOMBIA, Meta: La Macarena 1, GUATEMALA, Alta Verapaz: Panzós, San Francisco: Finca Moca Grande 1, PANAMA, Panama: Barro Colorado 1, PARAGUAY, San Pedro: Cororo (Río Ypané) 1, SURINAM, Nickerie: Stondansi 1, TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO 1, VENEZUELA, Bolívar: Paraitepuy 1.

Biome. Amazon Forest, Atlantic Forest, Caatinga, with records from the transition zones between Amazon Forest and Cerrado, and among Atlantic Forest, Caatinga, and Cerrado.

Hedychridium Abeille de Perrin, 1878

Hedychridium Abeille de Perrin, 1878 : 03. Type species: Hedychrum minutum Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1806: 122 (= Chrysis ardens Coquebert de Mombret, 1801 ), designated by Ashmead (1902).

Several synonyms. See Kimsey and Bohart (1991), and Rosa et al. (2023).

Distribution in Brazil. São Paulo.

Comments. This genus constitutes the second most species-rich group within Chrysididae in a world basis, roughly with more than 260 valid species distributed worldwide, except for the Australian region ( Kimsey and Bohart, 1991). The biology of Hedychridium wasps is poorly known, with only few reliable host records (see the commented list by Pauli et al., 2019; their Online Supplementary Material). The highest diversity of this genus is found in the arid parts of the Holarctic region and southern Africa ( Kimsey and Bohart, 1991). Currently, one species is recorded in southeastern Brazil in a transition zone between Atlantic Forest and Cerrado (Lucena, 2018).

Hedychridium periotoi Lucena, 2018

Hedychridium periotoi Lucena, 2018: 353 . Holotype female ( RPSP #00003044 ). BRAZIL, São Paulo: Itirapina [Estação Ecológica de Itirapina], 26–28.xi.2016, Almeida, Porto , Lucena , Gibran and Yoshida.

Hedychridium periotoi ; Almeida et al. (2020), Lucena and Almeida (2022).

Distribution. BRAZIL, São Paulo: Itirapina [Estação Ecológica de Itirapina], Luiz Antônio [Estação Ecológica Jataí].

Biome. Transition zone between Atlantic Forest and Cerrado.

Host. Lucena (2018) cited some females collected while flying near nest aggregations of Oxybelus sp. ( Crabronidae ), but no incursions were visualized.

Hedychrum Latreille, 1802

Hedychrum Latreille, 1802: 317 . Type species: Chrysis lucidula Fabricius, 1775: 358 (= Sphex nobilis Scopoli, 1763 ), by monotypy.

Cymura Dahlbom, 1845: 04. Type species:Cymura splendida Dahlbom, 1845: 04 (= Hedychrum coelestinum Spinola 1838 ), by monotypy. Junior synonym of Hedychrum Latreille , according to Dahlbom (1854).

Wollmannia Mocsáry, 1909: 02. Type species:Wollmannia concinna Mocsáry, 1909: 02, by original designation.Junior synonym of Hedychrum Latreille , according to Kimsey and Bohart (1991).

Distribution in Brazil. Ceará, Maranhão, Pará, Paraíba, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo.

Comments. This genus contains more than 150 described species worldwide. Like other Elampini , the highest diversity of Hedychrum is found in the Palearctic region ( Kimsey and Bohart, 1991). Some species are known as nest parasites of beewolves ( Crabronidae : Philantinae) (e.g., Strohm et al., 2008; and references therein). There is no record of hosts for the Neotropical species. Currently, three species are recorded in Brazil. One species is known from an unspecified location in Brazil; another species is apparently widespread across South America; and a third species is known from the Caatinga biome in northeastern Brazil ( Kimsey and Bohart, 1991; Lucena et al., 2022).

Hedychrum brasilianum Dahlbom, 1854

Hedychrum brasilianum Dahlbom, 1854: 59 . Holotype male ( MRSN). BRAZIL, D. Buquet.

Hedychrum brasilianum ; Mocsáry (1889), Dalla Torre (1892), Bischoff (1913), Ducke (1913), Kimsey and Bohart (1991), Rosa and Xu (2015), Lucena et al. (2022).