Pimpla turionellae (Linnaeus, 1758)

Pimpla turionellae (Linnaeus, 1758) View in CoL

Notes

P. turionellae has also been considered a hibernator, but some authors presumed that this behaviour only occurred facultatively ( Fitton et al. 1988). There are several strong indications this indeed is the case. P. turionellae is bivoltine and it has a wide host range. It is common in some well-monitored countries like Belgium and the Netherlands, but has not or only very rarely been found in hibernation there. In other countries the opposite is true. The observations are remarkably high in countries with colder regions, for example, Finland and Russia. Hibernation possibly is a facultative strategy here, induced by temperature or host usage or a combination of both. One uncertain hibernation record exists for Sweden (Artportalen).

Status: Confirmed.

Records: Denmark (2) *, Finland (2) *, France (1), Germany (2), Russia (16), the Netherlands (4) *, United Kingdom (2).

First record: Ca. 1886 ( Kulagin (1886), Russia).

Hibernacula: B (1), DT (101), LT (1), LV (1), O (1), U (3).

Sources: Kulagin (1886) [ Pimpla turionella Lin. ], Seyrig (1923) [ P. examinator L.], Jackson (1937) [ P. examinator F.], Rasnitsyn (1959) and Rasnitsyn (1964) [ P. turionella L.], Glen and Curtis (1978), Verheyde and Quicke (2022); Unpublished: Laji. fi, iNaturalist, Naturbasen, Observation. org, Pers. obs. (J. Paappanen).

Also mentioned in: Constantineanu (1929 b), Fitton et al. (1988).